Jethro Visits Moses

18 Now Jethro,(A) the priest of Midian(B) and father-in-law of Moses, heard of everything God had done for Moses and for his people Israel, and how the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt.(C)

After Moses had sent away his wife Zipporah,(D) his father-in-law Jethro received her and her two sons.(E) One son was named Gershom,[a] for Moses said, “I have become a foreigner in a foreign land”;(F) and the other was named Eliezer,[b](G) for he said, “My father’s God was my helper;(H) he saved me from the sword of Pharaoh.”

Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, together with Moses’ sons and wife, came to him in the wilderness, where he was camped near the mountain(I) of God. Jethro had sent word to him, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”

So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down(J) and kissed(K) him. They greeted each other and then went into the tent. Moses told his father-in-law about everything the Lord had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake and about all the hardships(L) they had met along the way and how the Lord had saved(M) them.

Jethro was delighted to hear about all the good things(N) the Lord had done for Israel in rescuing them from the hand of the Egyptians. 10 He said, “Praise be to the Lord,(O) who rescued you from the hand of the Egyptians and of Pharaoh, and who rescued the people from the hand of the Egyptians. 11 Now I know that the Lord is greater than all other gods,(P) for he did this to those who had treated Israel arrogantly.”(Q) 12 Then Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law,(R) brought a burnt offering(S) and other sacrifices(T) to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat a meal(U) with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence(V) of God.

13 The next day Moses took his seat to serve as judge for the people, and they stood around him from morning till evening. 14 When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he said, “What is this you are doing for the people? Why do you alone sit as judge, while all these people stand around you from morning till evening?”

15 Moses answered him, “Because the people come to me to seek God’s will.(W) 16 Whenever they have a dispute,(X) it is brought to me, and I decide between the parties and inform them of God’s decrees and instructions.”(Y)

17 Moses’ father-in-law replied, “What you are doing is not good. 18 You and these people who come to you will only wear yourselves out. The work is too heavy for you; you cannot handle it alone.(Z) 19 Listen now to me and I will give you some advice, and may God be with you.(AA) You must be the people’s representative before God and bring their disputes(AB) to him. 20 Teach them his decrees and instructions,(AC) and show them the way they are to live(AD) and how they are to behave.(AE) 21 But select capable men(AF) from all the people—men who fear(AG) God, trustworthy men who hate dishonest gain(AH)—and appoint them as officials(AI) over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens. 22 Have them serve as judges for the people at all times, but have them bring every difficult case(AJ) to you; the simple cases they can decide themselves. That will make your load lighter, because they will share(AK) it with you. 23 If you do this and God so commands, you will be able to stand the strain, and all these people will go home satisfied.”

24 Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said. 25 He chose capable men from all Israel and made them leaders(AL) of the people, officials over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens.(AM) 26 They served as judges(AN) for the people at all times. The difficult cases(AO) they brought to Moses, but the simple ones they decided themselves.(AP)

27 Then Moses sent his father-in-law on his way, and Jethro returned to his own country.(AQ)

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 18:3 Gershom sounds like the Hebrew for a foreigner there.
  2. Exodus 18:4 Eliezer means my God is helper.

Giê-trô Ðến Thăm Môi-se

18 Giê-trô, tư tế của người Mi-đi-an, nhạc phụ của Môi-se, đã nghe tất cả những gì Ðức Chúa Trời làm cho Môi-se và cho I-sơ-ra-ên dân Ngài, thể nào Chúa đã đem dân I-sơ-ra-ên ra khỏi Ai-cập. Số là trước đó Môi-se đã gởi vợ ông là Xíp-pô-ra về cho nhạc phụ ông. Ông cụ đã nhận bà lại với hai con trai của bà. Tên của một cậu là Ghẹt-sôm, (vì ông nói, “Tôi là một kiều dân nơi đất khách quê người”), còn tên của cậu kia là Ê-li-ê-xe[a] (vì ông nói, “Ðức Chúa Trời của tổ tiên tôi là Ðấng giúp đỡ tôi và đã giải cứu tôi thoát khỏi gươm của Pha-ra-ôn”). Giê-trô nhạc phụ của Môi-se đến trong đồng hoang, nơi Môi-se đang hạ trại trên núi của Ðức Chúa Trời, dẫn theo hai con trai và vợ Môi-se đến cho ông. Cụ cho người nhắn tin với Môi-se, “Cha là Giê-trô nhạc phụ của con đang trên đường đến thăm con; có vợ và hai con trai con đi với cha.”

Môi-se đi ra đón nhạc phụ ông. Ông sấp mình xuống trước mặt cụ và ôm hôn cụ. Hai người hỏi thăm nhau, rồi họ vào trong lều. Môi-se thuật lại cho nhạc phụ ông nghe mọi điều Chúa đã làm cho Pha-ra-ôn và cho dân Ai-cập vì cớ dân I-sơ-ra-ên. Ông cũng kể cho cụ nghe những khó khăn họ gặp phải dọc đường, và thể nào Chúa đã giải cứu họ. Giê-trô vui mừng về các ơn lành Chúa đã làm cho dân I-sơ-ra-ên trong việc giải thoát họ ra khỏi tay dân Ai-cập.

10 Giê-trô nói, “Chúc tụng Chúa, Ðấng đã giải thoát quý vị khỏi tay dân Ai-cập và khỏi tay Pha-ra-ôn. 11 Bây giờ tôi biết rằng Chúa là Ðấng vĩ đại hơn tất cả các thần, vì Ngài đã giải thoát dân I-sơ-ra-ên ra khỏi tay người Ai-cập, những kẻ đã đối xử với họ cách kiêu căng.”[b] 12 Sau đó Giê-trô nhạc phụ của Môi-se dâng một của lễ thiêu và các con vật hiến tế lên Ðức Chúa Trời. A-rôn và tất cả các trưởng lão của I-sơ-ra-ên đến dùng bữa với nhạc phụ của Môi-se trước thánh nhan Ðức Chúa Trời.

Lời Khuyên của Giê-trô

(Phục 1:9-18)

13 Hôm sau Môi-se ngồi xét xử dân, trong khi đoàn dân đứng đợi quanh Môi-se từ sáng sớm đến chiều tối. 14 Khi nhạc phụ của Môi-se trông thấy mọi điều ông làm cho dân, cụ nói, “Con làm gì cho dân vậy? Tại sao con ngồi xét xử một mình trong khi mọi người phải đứng đợi quanh con từ sáng sớm đến chiều tối như thế?”

15 Môi-se trả lời nhạc phụ ông, “Bởi vì dân muốn đến gặp con để thỉnh ý Ðức Chúa Trời. 16 Khi có chuyện tranh tụng, họ đến với con, và con phân xử đôi bên. Con cũng cho họ biết luật lệ và mệnh lệnh của Ðức Chúa Trời.”

17 Nhạc phụ của Môi-se nói với ông, “Những gì con đang làm đó không tốt. 18 Con sẽ làm cho mình sớm kiệt lực, không những con mà luôn cả những người dân đang chờ con, vì công việc nầy quá nặng nề cho con; con không thể giải quyết hết một mình được. 19 Bây giờ con hãy nghe cha nói. Cha muốn khuyên con mấy lời, và cầu xin Ðức Chúa Trời ở với con: Con là người đại diện cho dân trước mặt Ðức Chúa Trời, để con có thể trình dâng những nan đề của họ lên Ðức Chúa Trời. 20 Con nên dạy họ các luật lệ và mệnh lệnh của Ngài, để họ biết phải đi theo đường nào và phải làm gì. 21 Ngoài ra con cũng phải tìm trong dân những người có khả năng, những người kính sợ Ðức Chúa Trời, đáng tin cậy, ghét lợi lộc bất chính, rồi lập những người ấy lên làm những người chỉ huy trên ngàn người, trăm người, năm mươi người, và mười người. 22 Hãy để họ xét xử dân thường xuyên. Khi nào có việc quan trọng, họ sẽ đem đến con; còn những việc thường, con hãy để cho những người ấy xét xử. Như vậy công việc của con sẽ nhẹ đi, vì họ sẽ chia sẻ bớt gánh nặng cho con. 23 Nếu con làm được như thế, và Ðức Chúa Trời cũng truyền cho con như vậy, con mới có thể gánh vác nổi, và tất cả những người đến chờ để được xét xử nầy cũng sẽ sớm được về nhà họ bình an.”

24 Môi-se nghe theo lời khuyên của nhạc phụ ông và làm theo mọi điều cụ khuyên bảo. 25 Môi-se chọn những người có khả năng trong toàn dân I-sơ-ra-ên, rồi lập họ lên làm đầu trên dân, để họ chỉ huy ngàn người, trăm người, năm mươi người, và mười người. 26 Hằng ngày những người ấy xét xử dân. Những trường hợp khó xử họ đem đến Môi-se, còn những trường hợp thường, họ xét xử lấy.

27 Sau đó Môi-se tiễn nhạc phụ ông ra về, và cụ đã lên đường trở về xứ mình.

Footnotes

  1. Xuất Hành 18:4 Có nghĩa là Ðức Chúa Trời là Ðấng giúp đỡ tôi
  2. Xuất Hành 18:11 Phần sau của câu nầy trong Hebrew không rõ nghĩa

18 When Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father in law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, and that the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt;

Then Jethro, Moses' father in law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her back,

And her two sons; of which the name of the one was Gershom; for he said, I have been an alien in a strange land:

And the name of the other was Eliezer; for the God of my father, said he, was mine help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh:

And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mount of God:

And he said unto Moses, I thy father in law Jethro am come unto thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.

And Moses went out to meet his father in law, and did obeisance, and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent.

And Moses told his father in law all that the Lord had done unto Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, and all the travail that had come upon them by the way, and how the Lord delivered them.

And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which the Lord had done to Israel, whom he had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians.

10 And Jethro said, Blessed be the Lord, who hath delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh, who hath delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.

11 Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods: for in the thing wherein they dealt proudly he was above them.

12 And Jethro, Moses' father in law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God: and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father in law before God.

13 And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.

14 And when Moses' father in law saw all that he did to the people, he said, What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning unto even?

15 And Moses said unto his father in law, Because the people come unto me to enquire of God:

16 When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes of God, and his laws.

17 And Moses' father in law said unto him, The thing that thou doest is not good.

18 Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone.

19 Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward, that thou mayest bring the causes unto God:

20 And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

21 Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:

22 And let them judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with thee.

23 If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.

24 So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father in law, and did all that he had said.

25 And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

26 And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

27 And Moses let his father in law depart; and he went his way into his own land.

Jethro's Advice

18 (A)Jethro, (B)the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people, how the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt. Now Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, had taken Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her home, along with her (C)two sons. The name of the one was Gershom ((D)for he said, (E)“I have been a sojourner[a] in a foreign land”), and the name of the other, Eliezer[b] (for he said, “The God of my father was my help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh”). Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moses in the wilderness where he was encamped at the (F)mountain of God. And when he sent word to Moses, “I,[c] your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons with her,” Moses (G)went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down and (H)kissed him. And they asked each other of their welfare and went into the tent. Then Moses told his father-in-law (I)all that the Lord had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, all the hardship that had come upon them in the way, and how the Lord had delivered them. And Jethro rejoiced for all the good that the Lord had done to Israel, in that he had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.

10 Jethro said, (J)“Blessed be the Lord, who has delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of Pharaoh and has delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians. 11 Now I know that (K)the Lord is greater than all gods, because in this affair they (L)dealt arrogantly with the people.”[d] 12 And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God; and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law (M)before God.

13 The next day Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moses from morning till evening. 14 When Moses' father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, he said, “What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning till evening?” 15 And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because (N)the people come to me to inquire of God; 16 (O)when they have a dispute, they come to me and I decide between one person and another, and I (P)make them know the statutes of God and his laws.” 17 Moses' father-in-law said to him, “What you are doing is not good. 18 You and the people with you will certainly wear yourselves out, for the thing is too heavy for you. (Q)You are not able to do it alone. 19 Now obey my voice; I will give you advice, and God be with you! You shall (R)represent the people before God and (S)bring their cases to God, 20 and you shall warn them about the statutes and the laws, and make them know (T)the way in which they must walk and (U)what they must do. 21 Moreover, look for (V)able men from all the people, men who fear God, who are trustworthy and hate a bribe, and place such men over the people as chiefs of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens. 22 And (W)let them judge the people at all times. (X)Every great matter they shall bring to you, but any small matter they shall decide themselves. So it will be easier for you, and they will (Y)bear the burden with you. 23 If you do this, God will direct you, you will be (Z)able to endure, and all this people also will go to their place in peace.”

24 So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said. 25 (AA)Moses chose able men out of all Israel and made them heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens. 26 And (AB)they judged the people at all times. Any hard case they brought to Moses, but any small matter they decided themselves. 27 Then Moses let his father-in-law depart, and (AC)he went away to his own country.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 18:3 Gershom sounds like the Hebrew for sojourner
  2. Exodus 18:4 Eliezer means My God is help
  3. Exodus 18:6 Hebrew; Samaritan, Septuagint, Syriac behold
  4. Exodus 18:11 Hebrew with them