Exodus 13
Good News Translation
Dedication of the First-Born
13 The Lord said to Moses, 2 (A)“Dedicate all the first-born males to me, for every first-born male Israelite and every first-born male animal belongs to me.”
The Festival of Unleavened Bread
3 Moses said to the people, “Remember this day—the day on which you left Egypt, the place where you were slaves. This is the day the Lord brought you out by his great power. No leavened bread is to be eaten. 4 You are leaving Egypt on this day in the first month, the month of Abib. 5 The Lord solemnly promised your ancestors to give you the land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. When he brings you into that rich and fertile land, you must celebrate this festival in the first month of every year. 6 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread and on the seventh day there is to be a festival to honor the Lord. 7 For seven days you must not eat any bread made with yeast; there must be no yeast or leavened bread anywhere in your land. 8 When the festival begins, explain to your sons that you do all this because of what the Lord did for you when you left Egypt. 9 This observance will be a reminder, like something tied on your hand or on your forehead; it will remind you to continue to recite and study the Law of the Lord, because the Lord brought you out of Egypt by his great power. 10 Celebrate this festival at the appointed time each year.
The First-Born
11 “The Lord will bring you into the land of the Canaanites, which he solemnly promised to you and your ancestors. When he gives it to you, 12 (B)you must offer every first-born male to the Lord. Every first-born male of your animals belongs to the Lord, 13 but you must buy back from him every first-born male donkey by offering a lamb in its place. If you do not want to buy back the donkey, break its neck. You must buy back every first-born male child of yours. 14 In the future, when your son asks what this observance means, you will answer him, ‘By using great power the Lord brought us out of Egypt, the place where we were slaves. 15 When the king of Egypt was stubborn and refused to let us go, the Lord killed every first-born male in the land of Egypt, both human and animal. That is why we sacrifice every first-born male animal to the Lord, but buy back our first-born sons. 16 This observance will be a reminder, like something tied on our hands or on our foreheads; it will remind us that the Lord brought us out of Egypt by his great power.’”
The Pillar of Cloud and the Pillar of Fire
17 When the king of Egypt let the people go, God did not take them by the road that goes up the coast to Philistia, although it was the shortest way. God thought, “I do not want the people to change their minds and return to Egypt when they see that they are going to have to fight.” 18 Instead, he led them in a roundabout way through the desert toward the Red Sea.[a] The Israelites were armed for battle.
19 (C)Moses took the body of Joseph with him, as Joseph had made the Israelites solemnly promise to do. Joseph had said, “When God rescues you, you must carry my body with you from this place.”
20 The Israelites left Sukkoth and camped at Etham on the edge of the desert. 21 During the day the Lord went in front of them in a pillar of cloud to show them the way, and during the night he went in front of them in a pillar of fire to give them light, so that they could travel night and day. 22 (D)The pillar of cloud was always in front of the people during the day, and the pillar of fire at night.
Footnotes
- Exodus 13:18 (in Hebrew literally “Sea of Reeds”) evidently referred to (1) a series of lakes and marshes between the head of the Gulf of Suez and the Mediterranean, the region generally regarded as the site of the events described in Exodus 13, and was also used to designate (2) the Gulf of Suez, and (3) the Gulf of Aqaba.
Exodus 13
Amplified Bible
Consecration of the Firstborn
13 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Sanctify to Me [that is, set apart for My purpose] every firstborn, the first offspring of every womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of animal; it is Mine.”
3 Moses said to the people, “Remember [solemnly observe and commemorate] this day on which you came out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage and slavery; for by a strong and powerful hand the Lord brought you out of this place. And nothing leavened shall be eaten. 4 On this day in the month Abib, you are about to go onward. 5 And it shall be when the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, which He swore to your fathers to give you, a land [of abundance] [a]flowing with milk and honey, that you shall keep and observe this rite (service) in this month. 6 For seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there shall be a feast to the Lord. 7 Unleavened bread shall be eaten throughout the seven days; no leavened bread shall be seen with you, nor shall there be leaven within the borders of your territory. 8 You shall explain this to your son on that day, saying, ‘It is because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.’ 9 It shall serve as a sign to you on your hand (arm), and as a reminder on your forehead, so that the instruction (law) of the Lord may be in your mouth; for with a strong and powerful hand the Lord brought you out of Egypt. 10 Therefore, you shall keep this ordinance at this time from year to year.
11 “Now it shall be when the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanite, as He swore to you and your fathers, and gives it to you, 12 you shall set apart and dedicate to the Lord all that first opens the womb. All the firstborn males of your livestock shall be the Lord’s. 13 Every firstborn of a [b]donkey you shall redeem by [substituting] a lamb [as a sacrifice for it], but if you do not [wish to] redeem it, then you shall break its neck; and every firstborn among your sons you shall redeem [that is, “buy back” from God with a suitable sacrifice]. 14 And it shall be when your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What does this mean?’ you shall say to him, ‘With a strong and powerful hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, from the house of bondage and slavery. 15 For it happened, when Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, that the Lord struck every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man and the firstborn of animal. Therefore, I sacrifice to the Lord all the males, the first [to be born] of every womb, but every firstborn of my sons I redeem.’ 16 So it shall serve as a sign and a reminder on your [left] hand (arm) and as [c]frontlets between your eyes, for by a strong and powerful hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt.”
God Leads the People
17 So it happened, when Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them by way of the land of the Philistines, even though it was nearer; for God said, “The people might change their minds when they see war [that is, that there will be war], and return to Egypt.” 18 But God led the people around by the way of the wilderness toward the [d]Red Sea; the sons of Israel went up in battle array (orderly ranks, marching formation) out of the land of Egypt. 19 Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, for Joseph had solemnly ordered (placed under an oath) the Israelites, saying, “God will assuredly take care of you, and you must carry my bones away from here with you.”(A) 20 They journeyed from Succoth [in Goshen] and camped at Etham on the edge of the wilderness. 21 The [presence of the] Lord was going before them by day in a pillar (column) of cloud to lead them along the way, and in a pillar of fire by night to give them light, so that they could travel by day and by night. 22 He did not withdraw the pillar of cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from going before the people.
Footnotes
- Exodus 13:5 This phrase referred to the abundant fertility of the land of Canaan. Milk (typically that of goats and sheep) was associated with abundance; “honey” referred mainly to syrups made from dates or grapes and was the epitome of sweetness. Bees’ honey was very rare and was considered the choicest of foods.
- Exodus 13:13 For most Israelites, the donkey would eventually be important for their livelihoods as a work-animal, so God foresaw the need and allowed this exception. Those who had no need for an additional donkey were not required to redeem it, but were to kill it in recognition of God’s right to the firstborn. On the other hand, redemption was of course the only option for a firstborn son. God thereby honors His own right to the firstborn, but at the same time forbids human sacrifice.
- Exodus 13:16 Heb totaphoth, later renamed tefillin (“attachment”) but often called phylacteries (Gr “safeguards”) these came to be small cube-shaped leather pouches which contained tiny parchments of Ex 13:1-16 and Deut 6:4-9; 11:13-21. They were strapped to the forehead and the left forearm of Jewish men (or the right forearm, if a man was left-handed) in obedience to the commands in this verse and Deut 6:8. Phylacteries and the parchments contained in them were very artistically made, and are still worn today by observant Jews during morning services.
- Exodus 13:18 Lit Sea of Reeds. See note 10:19.
2 Mose 13
Hoffnung für Alle
Ein Fest zur Erinnerung an die Befreiung
13 Der Herr sprach zu Mose: 2 »Die Israeliten sollen mir ihre ältesten Söhne weihen und jedes männliche Tier, das zuerst geboren wird. Sie gehören mir!«
3 Mose sagte zum Volk: »Behaltet diesen Tag in Erinnerung, denn heute werdet ihr aus der Sklaverei in Ägypten befreit! Der Herr führt euch mit starker Hand hinaus. Esst darum kein Brot, das mit Sauerteig gebacken wurde! 4 Heute, im Monat Abib, zieht ihr aus Ägypten fort. 5 Der Herr hat euren Vorfahren geschworen, euch das Land der Kanaaniter, Hetiter, Amoriter, Hiwiter und Jebusiter zu geben. Wenn er euch in dieses fruchtbare Land gebracht hat, in dem es selbst Milch und Honig im Überfluss gibt, sollt ihr auch weiterhin im ersten Monat diesen Brauch beibehalten: 6 Esst sieben Tage lang nur Brot, das ohne Sauerteig gebacken wurde, und am siebten Tag feiert ein Fest zu Ehren des Herrn. 7 Ja, sieben Tage lang sollt ihr nur ungesäuertes Brot essen! Im ganzen Land darf es kein Sauerteigbrot und keinen Sauerteig mehr geben!
8 Erklärt zu Beginn des Festes euren Kindern, dass ihr es feiert, weil der Herr euch geholfen und euch aus Ägypten herausgeführt hat. 9 Das Fest soll euch wie ein Zeichen an eurer Hand oder ein Band um eure Stirn daran erinnern, dass ihr stets die Weisungen des Herrn befolgen und weitergeben sollt. Denn er hat euch mit starker Hand aus Ägypten befreit. 10 Feiert das Fest Jahr für Jahr zur festgesetzten Zeit und haltet euch dabei an diese Vorschriften!«
Die Erstgeborenen gehören dem Herrn
11 »Der Herr wird euch ins Land der Kanaaniter bringen und es euch schenken, so wie er es euch und euren Vorfahren geschworen hat. Wenn ihr in dem Land seid, 12 dann sollt ihr dem Herrn eure ältesten Söhne weihen und ihm jedes männliche Tier opfern, das von seiner Mutter als erstes zur Welt gebracht wird. 13 Anstelle jedes zuerst geborenen Esels sollt ihr ein Lamm opfern und ihn so auslösen. Wollt ihr das nicht, dann brecht dem jungen Esel das Genick! Eure ältesten Söhne aber müsst ihr auf jeden Fall auslösen.
14 Wenn eure Kinder eines Tages fragen, was dieser Brauch bedeutet, dann erklärt ihnen: ›Der Herr hat uns mit starker Hand aus der Sklaverei in Ägypten befreit. 15 Als der Pharao sich hartnäckig weigerte, uns ziehen zu lassen, hat der Herr jeden ältesten Sohn und jedes erstgeborene männliche Tier in Ägypten getötet. Darum opfern wir dem Herrn unsere erstgeborenen männlichen Tiere, unsere ältesten Söhne aber kaufen wir frei. 16 Dieser Brauch soll uns wie ein Zeichen an der Hand oder ein Band um die Stirn daran erinnern, dass der Herr uns mit starker Hand aus Ägypten befreit hat.‹«
Der Herr führt sein Volk
17 Nachdem der Pharao die Israeliten hatte ziehen lassen, führte Gott sie nicht auf der Straße in Richtung des Philisterlandes, obwohl das der kürzeste Weg gewesen wäre. Gott dachte: »Das Volk könnte seinen Entschluss ändern und nach Ägypten zurückkehren, wenn es merkt, dass ihm Kämpfe bevorstehen!« 18 Darum ließ Gott sie einen Umweg machen, auf der Wüstenstraße, die zum Schilfmeer führt.
So zogen die Israeliten wie eine Armee geordnet aus Ägypten fort. 19 Mose nahm den Sarg mit den Gebeinen Josefs mit. Josef hatte nämlich den Israeliten ein Versprechen abgenommen und gesagt: »Gott wird euch bestimmt eines Tages zu Hilfe kommen und euch aus Ägypten herausführen. Dann nehmt auch meine Gebeine von hier mit!«[a]
20 Nachdem die Israeliten von Sukkot aufgebrochen waren, lagerten sie bei Etam am Rand der Wüste. 21 Tagsüber zog der Herr in einer Wolkensäule vor ihnen her, um ihnen den Weg zu zeigen, und nachts war er in einer Feuersäule bei ihnen, die ihren Weg erhellte. So konnten sie bei Tag und Nacht wandern. 22 Tagsüber hatten sie immer die Wolkensäule vor sich und nachts die Feuersäule.
Footnotes
Exodus 13
New International Reader's Version
Setting Apart the Oldest Sons
13 The Lord said to Moses, 2 “Set apart for me the first boy born in every family. The oldest son of every Israelite mother belongs to me. Every male animal born first to its mother also belongs to me.”
3 Then Moses said to the people, “Remember this day. It’s the day you came out of Egypt. That’s the land where you were slaves. The Lord used his mighty hand to bring you out of Egypt. Don’t eat anything with yeast in it. 4 You are leaving today. It’s the month of Aviv. 5 The Lord will bring you into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Hivites and Jebusites. He promised your people of long ago that he would give that land to you. It’s a land that has plenty of milk and honey. When you get there, celebrate this holy day in this month. 6 For seven days eat bread made without yeast. On the seventh day hold a feast to honor the Lord. 7 Eat bread made without yeast during those seven days. Nothing with yeast in it should be found among you. No yeast should be seen anywhere inside your borders. 8 On that day talk to your child. Say, ‘I’m doing this because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.’ 9 When you celebrate this holy day, it will be like a mark on your hand. It will be like a reminder on your forehead. This law of the Lord must be on your lips. The Lord used his mighty hand to bring you out of Egypt. 10 Obey this law at the appointed time year after year.
11 “The Lord will bring you into the land of Canaan. He will give it to you, just as he promised he would. He gave his word to you and your people of long ago. 12 After you arrive in the land, give to the Lord the oldest son of every mother. Every male animal born first to its mother among your livestock belongs to the Lord. 13 By sacrificing a lamb, buy back every male donkey born first to its mother. But if you don’t buy the donkey back, break its neck. Buy back every oldest son.
14 “In days to come, your child will ask you, ‘What does this mean?’ Say to them, ‘The Lord used his mighty hand to bring us out of Egypt. That’s the land where we were slaves. 15 Pharaoh was stubborn. He refused to let us go. So the Lord killed every oldest son in Egypt. He also killed all those born first among the people and animals. That’s why I sacrifice to the Lord every male animal born first. And that’s why I buy back each of my oldest sons for the Lord.’ 16 This holy day will be like a mark on your hand. It will be like a sign on your forehead. It will remind you that the Lord used his mighty hand to bring us out of Egypt.”
Israel Goes Through the Red Sea
17 Pharaoh let the people go. The shortest road from Goshen to Canaan went through the Philistine country. But God didn’t lead them that way. God said, “If they have to go into battle, they might change their minds. They might return to Egypt.” 18 So God led the people toward the Red Sea by taking them on a road through the desert. The Israelites were ready for battle when they went up out of Egypt.
19 Moses took the bones of Joseph along with him. Joseph had made the Israelites give their word to do this. He had said, “God will surely come to help you. When he does, you must carry my bones up from this place with you.” (Genesis 50:25)
20 The people left Sukkoth. They camped at Etham on the edge of the desert. 21 By day the Lord went ahead of them in a pillar of cloud. It guided them on their way. At night he led them with a pillar of fire. It gave them light. So they could travel by day or at night. 22 The pillar of cloud didn’t leave its place in front of the people during the day. And the pillar of fire didn’t leave its place at night.
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