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The Ark of the Covenant

10 They shall make an ark[a] of acacia wood. It is to be forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.[b] 11 Overlay it with pure gold. Overlay it on the inside and the outside, and make a gold border around it. 12 Cast four gold rings for it and place them next to its four feet. Two rings are for one side of it, and two rings for the other side. 13 Make poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold. 14 Put the poles which are used to carry the ark into the rings on the sides of the ark. 15 The poles are to be placed into the rings on the ark. They are not to be removed from the rings.

16 Put the Testimony, which I am about to give to you, into the ark. 17 Make an atonement seat[c] of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide. 18 Make two cherubim[d] of hammered gold. You are to make them for the two ends of the atonement seat. 19 Make one cherub for one end and one cherub for the other end. The cherubim on its two ends are to form one piece with the atonement seat.[e] 20 The cherubim will spread their wings upward so that they cover the atonement seat with their wings, and they will face each other. The faces of the cherubim are to be looking inward toward the atonement seat. 21 Put the atonement seat on top of the ark, and put the Testimony, which I will give to you, into the ark. 22 There I will meet with you, and from above the atonement seat, from between the two cherubim that are on the Ark of the Testimony, I will communicate to you all the commands that I will give to you for the people of Israel.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 25:10 An aron is a box or chest or even a coffin. The translation retains the traditional rendering ark. It is not the same Hebrew word that refers to Noah’s ark, which also was a box.
  2. Exodus 25:10 Measurements are based on a cubit of 18 inches.
  3. Exodus 25:17 The Hebrew word kapporet refers to an object that pertains to atonement. It can be translated atonement cover or place of atonement. The traditional rendering mercy seat is based on the translation of Luther, Gnadenstuhl, throne of grace. Luther recognized that the chief function of the kapporet was not to cover the ark, but to serve as the footstool of the Lord. The atoning blood was being presented at the foot of God’s throne.
  4. Exodus 25:18 For a description of cherubim, the angels who are God’s attendants, see Ezekiel 1.
  5. Exodus 25:19 That is, the angels were to be permanently fastened to the lid.