18 Now when all the people saw (A)the thunder and the flashes of lightning and the sound of the trumpet and the mountain smoking, the people were afraid[a] and trembled, and they stood far off 19 and said to Moses, (B)“You speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, lest we die.” 20 (C)Moses said to the people, “Do not fear, for God has come to (D)test you, that the fear of him may be before you, that you may not sin.” 21 The people stood far off, while Moses drew near to the (E)thick darkness where God was.

Laws About Altars

22 And the Lord said to Moses, “Thus you shall say to the people of Israel: ‘You have seen for yourselves that I have (F)talked with you from heaven. 23 (G)You shall not make gods of silver to be with me, nor shall you make for yourselves gods of gold. 24 An altar of earth you shall make for me and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and your peace offerings, your sheep and your oxen. (H)In every place where I cause my name to be remembered I will come to you and (I)bless you. 25 (J)If you make me an altar of stone, (K)you shall not build it of hewn stones, for if you wield your tool on it you profane it. 26 And you shall not go up by steps to my altar, that your nakedness be not exposed on it.’

Laws About Slaves

21 “Now these are the (L)rules that you shall set before them. (M)When you buy a Hebrew slave,[b] he shall serve six years, and in the seventh he shall go out free, for nothing. If he comes in single, he shall go out single; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him. If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out alone. But (N)if the slave plainly says, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free,’ then his master shall bring him to (O)God, and he shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. And his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall be his slave forever.

“When a man (P)sells his daughter as a slave, she shall not go out as the male slaves do. If she does not please her master, who has designated her[c] for himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, since he has broken faith with her. If he designates her for his son, he shall deal with her as with a daughter. 10 If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, or (Q)her marital rights. 11 And if he does not do these three things for her, she shall go out for nothing, without payment of money.

Notas al pie

  1. Exodus 20:18 Samaritan, Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate; Masoretic Text the people saw
  2. Exodus 21:2 Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles; also verses 5, 6, 7, 20, 21, 26, 27, 32 (see Preface)
  3. Exodus 21:8 Or so that he has not designated her

18 When the people saw the thunder and lightning and heard the trumpet(A) and saw the mountain in smoke,(B) they trembled with fear.(C) They stayed at a distance 19 and said to Moses, “Speak to us yourself and we will listen. But do not have God speak(D) to us or we will die.”(E)

20 Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid.(F) God has come to test(G) you, so that the fear(H) of God will be with you to keep you from sinning.”(I)

21 The people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the thick darkness(J) where God was.

Idols and Altars

22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites this: ‘You have seen for yourselves that I have spoken to you from heaven:(K) 23 Do not make any gods to be alongside me;(L) do not make for yourselves gods of silver or gods of gold.(M)

24 “‘Make an altar(N) of earth for me and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings(O) and fellowship offerings, your sheep and goats and your cattle. Wherever I cause my name(P) to be honored, I will come to you and bless(Q) you. 25 If you make an altar of stones for me, do not build it with dressed stones, for you will defile it if you use a tool(R) on it. 26 And do not go up to my altar on steps, or your private parts(S) may be exposed.’

21 “These are the laws(T) you are to set before them:

Hebrew Servants(U)(V)

“If you buy a Hebrew servant,(W) he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free,(X) without paying anything. If he comes alone, he is to go free alone; but if he has a wife when he comes, she is to go with him. If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.

“But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children and do not want to go free,’(Y) then his master must take him before the judges.[a](Z) He shall take him to the door or the doorpost and pierce(AA) his ear with an awl. Then he will be his servant for life.(AB)

“If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself,[b] he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, because he has broken faith with her. If he selects her for his son, he must grant her the rights of a daughter. 10 If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights.(AC) 11 If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.

Notas al pie

  1. Exodus 21:6 Or before God
  2. Exodus 21:8 Or master so that he does not choose her