14 “But if a man acts with (A)premeditation against his neighbor, to kill him by treachery, (B)you shall take him from My altar, that he may die.

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14 But if anyone schemes and kills someone deliberately,(A) that person is to be taken from my altar and put to death.(B)

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20 “And if a man beats his male or female servant with a rod, so that he dies under his hand, he shall surely be punished.

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20 “Anyone who beats their male or female slave with a rod must be punished if the slave dies as a direct result,

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29 But if the ox [a]tended to thrust with its horn in times past, and it has been made known to his owner, and he has not kept it confined, so that it has killed a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned and its owner also shall be put to death.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 21:29 was inclined

29 If, however, the bull has had the habit of goring and the owner has been warned but has not kept it penned up(A) and it kills a man or woman, the bull is to be stoned and its owner also is to be put to death.

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Now Cain [a]talked with Abel his [b]brother; and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother and (A)killed him.

Then the Lord said to Cain, “Where is Abel your brother?”

He said, (B)“I do not know. Am I (C)my brother’s keeper?”

10 And He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood (D)cries out to Me from the ground. 11 So now (E)you are cursed from the earth, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. 12 When you till the ground, it shall no longer yield its strength to you. A fugitive and a vagabond you shall be on the earth.”

13 And Cain said to the Lord, “My [c]punishment is greater than I can bear! 14 Surely You have driven me out this day from the face of the ground; (F)I shall be (G)hidden from Your face; I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond on the earth, and it will happen that (H)anyone who finds me will kill me.”

15 And the Lord said to him, [d]“Therefore, whoever kills Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him (I)sevenfold.” And the Lord set a (J)mark on Cain, lest anyone finding him should kill him.

The Family of Cain

16 Then Cain (K)went out from the (L)presence of the Lord and dwelt in the land of [e]Nod on the east of Eden. 17 And Cain knew his wife, and she conceived and bore Enoch. And he built a city, (M)and called the name of the city after the name of his son—Enoch. 18 To Enoch was born Irad; and Irad begot Mehujael, and Mehujael begot Methushael, and Methushael begot Lamech.

19 Then Lamech took for himself (N)two wives: the name of one was Adah, and the name of the second was Zillah. 20 And Adah bore Jabal. He was the father of those who dwell in tents and have livestock. 21 His brother’s name was Jubal. He was the father of all those who play the harp and [f]flute. 22 And as for Zillah, she also bore Tubal-Cain, an instructor of every craftsman in bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-Cain was Naamah.

23 Then Lamech said to his wives:

“Adah and Zillah, hear my voice;
Wives of Lamech, listen to my speech!
For I have [g]killed a man for wounding me,
Even a young man [h]for hurting me.

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 4:8 Lit. said to
  2. Genesis 4:8 Sam., LXX, Syr., Vg. add “Let us go out to the field.”
  3. Genesis 4:13 iniquity
  4. Genesis 4:15 So with MT, Tg.; LXX, Syr., Vg. Not so;
  5. Genesis 4:16 Lit. Wandering
  6. Genesis 4:21 pipe
  7. Genesis 4:23 slain a man for my wound
  8. Genesis 4:23 for my hurt

Now Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let’s go out to the field.”[a] While they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.(A)

Then the Lord said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?”(B)

“I don’t know,(C)” he replied. “Am I my brother’s keeper?”

10 The Lord said, “What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground.(D) 11 Now you are under a curse(E) and driven from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. 12 When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its crops for you.(F) You will be a restless wanderer(G) on the earth.(H)

13 Cain said to the Lord, “My punishment is more than I can bear. 14 Today you are driving me from the land, and I will be hidden from your presence;(I) I will be a restless wanderer on the earth,(J) and whoever finds me will kill me.”(K)

15 But the Lord said to him, “Not so[b]; anyone who kills Cain(L) will suffer vengeance(M) seven times over.(N)” Then the Lord put a mark on Cain so that no one who found him would kill him. 16 So Cain went out from the Lord’s presence(O) and lived in the land of Nod,[c] east of Eden.(P)

17 Cain made love to his wife,(Q) and she became pregnant and gave birth to Enoch. Cain was then building a city,(R) and he named it after his son(S) Enoch. 18 To Enoch was born Irad, and Irad was the father of Mehujael, and Mehujael was the father of Methushael, and Methushael was the father of Lamech.

19 Lamech married(T) two women,(U) one named Adah and the other Zillah. 20 Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who live in tents and raise livestock. 21 His brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play stringed instruments(V) and pipes.(W) 22 Zillah also had a son, Tubal-Cain, who forged(X) all kinds of tools out of[d] bronze and iron. Tubal-Cain’s sister was Naamah.

23 Lamech said to his wives,

“Adah and Zillah, listen to me;
    wives of Lamech, hear my words.
I have killed(Y) a man for wounding me,
    a young man for injuring me.

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 4:8 Samaritan Pentateuch, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac; Masoretic Text does not have “Let’s go out to the field.”
  2. Genesis 4:15 Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac; Hebrew Very well
  3. Genesis 4:16 Nod means wandering (see verses 12 and 14).
  4. Genesis 4:22 Or who instructed all who work in

(A)But you shall not eat flesh with its life, that is, its blood. Surely for your lifeblood I will demand a reckoning; (B)from the hand of every beast I will require it, and (C)from the hand of man. From the hand of every (D)man’s brother I will require the life of man.

“Whoever (E)sheds man’s blood,
By man his blood shall be shed;
(F)For in the image of God
He made man.

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“But you must not eat meat that has its lifeblood still in it.(A) And for your lifeblood I will surely demand an accounting.(B) I will demand an accounting from every animal.(C) And from each human being, too, I will demand an accounting for the life of another human being.(D)

“Whoever sheds human blood,
    by humans shall their blood be shed;(E)
for in the image of God(F)
    has God made mankind.

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21 And whoever kills an animal shall restore it; but whoever kills a man shall be put to death.

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21 Whoever kills an animal must make restitution,(A) but whoever kills a human being is to be put to death.(B)

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16 (A)‘But if he strikes him with an iron implement, so that he dies, he is a murderer; the murderer shall surely be put to death. 17 And if he strikes him with a stone in the hand, by which one could die, and he does die, he is a murderer; the murderer shall surely be put to death. 18 Or if he strikes him with a wooden hand weapon, by which one could die, and he does die, he is a murderer; the murderer shall surely be put to death. 19 (B)The[a] avenger of blood himself shall put the murderer to death; when he meets him, he shall put him to death. 20 (C)If he pushes him out of hatred or, (D)while lying in wait, hurls something at him so that he dies, 21 or in enmity he strikes him with his hand so that he dies, the one who struck him shall surely be put to death. He is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.

22 ‘However, if he pushes him suddenly (E)without enmity, or throws anything at him without lying in wait, 23 or uses a stone, by which a man could die, throwing it at him without seeing him, so that he dies, while he was not his enemy or seeking his harm, 24 then (F)the congregation shall judge between the manslayer and the avenger of blood according to these judgments. 25 So the congregation shall deliver the manslayer from the hand of the avenger of blood, and the congregation shall return him to the city of refuge where he had fled, and (G)he shall remain there until the death of the high priest (H)who was anointed with the holy oil. 26 But if the manslayer at any time goes outside the limits of the city of refuge where he fled, 27 and the avenger of blood finds him outside the limits of his city of refuge, and the avenger of blood kills the manslayer, he shall not be guilty of [b]blood, 28 because he should have remained in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest. But after the death of the high priest the manslayer may return to the land of his possession.

29 ‘And these things shall be (I)a statute of judgment to you throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 30 Whoever kills a person, the murderer shall be put to death on the (J)testimony of witnesses; but one witness is not sufficient testimony against a person for the death penalty. 31 Moreover you shall take no ransom for the life of a murderer who is guilty of death, but he shall surely be put to death. 32 And you shall take no ransom for him who has fled to his city of refuge, that he may return to dwell in the land before the death of the priest. 33 So you shall not pollute the land where you are; for blood (K)defiles the land, and no [c]atonement can be made for the land, for the blood that is shed on it, except (L)by the blood of him who shed it. 34 Therefore (M)do not defile the land which you inhabit, in the midst of which I dwell; for (N)I the Lord dwell among the children of Israel.’ ”

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Footnotes

  1. Numbers 35:19 A family member who is to avenge the victim
  2. Numbers 35:27 Murder
  3. Numbers 35:33 Lit. covering

16 “‘If anyone strikes someone a fatal blow with an iron object, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death.(A) 17 Or if anyone is holding a stone and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 18 Or if anyone is holding a wooden object and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 19 The avenger of blood(B) shall put the murderer to death; when the avenger comes upon the murderer, the avenger shall put the murderer to death.(C) 20 If anyone with malice aforethought shoves another or throws something at them intentionally(D) so that they die 21 or if out of enmity one person hits another with their fist so that the other dies, that person is to be put to death;(E) that person is a murderer. The avenger of blood(F) shall put the murderer to death when they meet.

22 “‘But if without enmity someone suddenly pushes another or throws something at them unintentionally(G) 23 or, without seeing them, drops on them a stone heavy enough to kill them, and they die, then since that other person was not an enemy and no harm was intended, 24 the assembly(H) must judge between the accused and the avenger of blood according to these regulations. 25 The assembly must protect the one accused of murder from the avenger of blood and send the accused back to the city of refuge to which they fled. The accused must stay there until the death of the high priest,(I) who was anointed(J) with the holy oil.(K)

26 “‘But if the accused ever goes outside the limits of the city of refuge to which they fled 27 and the avenger of blood finds them outside the city, the avenger of blood may kill the accused without being guilty of murder. 28 The accused must stay in the city of refuge until the death of the high priest; only after the death of the high priest may they return to their own property.

29 “‘This is to have the force of law(L) for you throughout the generations to come,(M) wherever you live.(N)

30 “‘Anyone who kills a person is to be put to death as a murderer only on the testimony of witnesses. But no one is to be put to death on the testimony of only one witness.(O)

31 “‘Do not accept a ransom(P) for the life of a murderer, who deserves to die. They are to be put to death.

32 “‘Do not accept a ransom for anyone who has fled to a city of refuge and so allow them to go back and live on their own land before the death of the high priest.

33 “‘Do not pollute the land where you are. Bloodshed pollutes the land,(Q) and atonement cannot be made for the land on which blood has been shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it. 34 Do not defile the land(R) where you live and where I dwell,(S) for I, the Lord, dwell among the Israelites.’”

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17 (A)‘You shall not murder.

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11 “But (A)if anyone hates his neighbor, lies in wait for him, rises against him and strikes him mortally, so that he dies, and he flees to one of these cities, 12 then the elders of his city shall send and bring him from there, and deliver him over to the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. 13 (B)Your eye shall not pity him, (C)but you shall [a]put away the guilt of innocent blood from Israel, that it may go well with you.

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 19:13 purge the blood of the innocent

11 But if out of hate someone lies in wait, assaults and kills a neighbor,(A) and then flees to one of these cities, 12 the killer shall be sent for by the town elders, be brought back from the city, and be handed over to the avenger of blood to die. 13 Show no pity.(B) You must purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood,(C) so that it may go well with you.

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(A)Why have you (B)despised the commandment of the Lord, to do evil in His sight? (C)You have killed Uriah the Hittite with the sword; you have taken his wife to be your wife, and have killed him with the sword of the people of Ammon. 10 Now therefore, (D)the sword shall never depart from your house, because you have despised Me, and have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your wife.’

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Why did you despise(A) the word of the Lord by doing what is evil in his eyes? You struck down(B) Uriah(C) the Hittite with the sword and took his wife to be your own. You killed(D) him with the sword of the Ammonites. 10 Now, therefore, the sword(E) will never depart from your house, because you despised me and took the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your own.’

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16 (A)Moreover Manasseh shed very much innocent blood, till he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another, besides his sin by which he made Judah sin, in doing evil in the sight of the Lord.

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16 Moreover, Manasseh also shed so much innocent blood(A) that he filled Jerusalem from end to end—besides the sin that he had caused Judah(B) to commit, so that they did evil in the eyes of the Lord.

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22 Thus Joash the king did not remember the kindness which Jehoiada his [a]father had done to him, but killed his son; and as he died, he said, “The Lord look on it, and (A)repay!”

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 24:22 Foster father

22 King Joash did not remember the kindness Zechariah’s father Jehoiada had shown him but killed his son, who said as he lay dying, “May the Lord see this and call you to account.”(A)

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