Exodus 15:19-24:11

English Standard Version

¹⁹For when ^(A)the horses of Pharaoh with his chariots and his horsemen went into the sea, ^(B)the Lord brought back the waters of the sea upon them, but the people of Israel walked on dry ground in the midst of the sea. ²⁰Then ^(C)Miriam ^(D)the prophetess, the ^(E)sister of Aaron, took a tambourine in her hand, and ^(F)all the women went out after her with tambourines and dancing. ²¹And Miriam sang to them:

^(G)“Sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously;
the horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.”

Bitter Water Made Sweet

²²Then Moses made Israel set out from the Red Sea, and they went into the wilderness of ^(H)Shur. They went three days in the wilderness and found no water. ²³When they came to ^(I)Marah, they could not drink the water of Marah because it was bitter; therefore it was named Marah.^[a] ²⁴And the people ^(J)grumbled against Moses, saying, “What shall we drink?” ²⁵And he ^(K)cried to the Lord, and the Lord showed him a log,^[b] and he ^(L)threw it into the water, and the water became sweet.

There the Lord^[c] made for them a statute and a rule, and there he ^(M)tested them, ²⁶saying, ^(N)“If you will diligently listen to the voice of the Lord your God, and do that which is right in his eyes, and give ear to his commandments and keep all his statutes, I will put none of the ^(O)diseases on you that I put on the Egyptians, for I am the Lord, ^(P)your healer.”

²⁷Then ^(Q)they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees, and they encamped there by the water.

Bread from Heaven

16 They ^(R)set out from Elim, and all the congregation of the people of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had departed from the land of Egypt. ²And the whole congregation of the people of Israel ^(S)grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness, ³and the people of Israel said to them, ^(T)“Would that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, ^(U)when we sat by the meat pots and ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”

⁴Then the Lord said to Moses, “Behold, I am about to rain ^(V)bread from heaven for you, and the people shall go out and gather a day's portion every day, that I may ^(W)test them, whether they will walk in my law or not. ⁵On the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, ^(X)it will be twice as much as they gather daily.” ⁶So Moses and Aaron said to all the people of Israel, ^(Y)“At evening ^(Z)you shall know that it was the Lord who brought you out of the land of Egypt, ⁷and in the morning you shall see the ^(AA)glory of the Lord, because he has heard your grumbling against the Lord. For ^(AB)what are we, that you grumble against us?” ⁸And Moses said, “When the Lord gives you in the evening meat to eat and in the morning bread to the full, because the Lord has heard your grumbling that you grumble against him—^(AC)what are we? Your grumbling is not ^(AD)against us but against the Lord.”

⁹Then Moses ^(AE)said to Aaron, “Say to the whole congregation of the people of Israel, ^(AF)‘Come near before the Lord, for he has heard your grumbling.’” ¹⁰And as soon as Aaron spoke to the whole congregation of the people of Israel, they looked toward the wilderness, and behold, the ^(AG)glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud. ¹¹And the Lord said to Moses, ¹²“I ^(AH)have heard the grumbling of the people of Israel. Say to them, ‘At ^(AI)twilight you shall eat meat, and ^(AJ)in the morning you shall be filled with bread. Then you shall know that I am the Lord your God.’”

¹³In the evening ^(AK)quail came up and covered the camp, and in the morning ^(AL)dew lay around the camp. ¹⁴And when the dew had gone up, there was on the face of the wilderness a fine, flake-like thing, fine as frost on the ground. ¹⁵When the people of Israel saw it, they said to one another, ^(AM)“What is it?”^[d] For they ^(AN)did not know what it was. And Moses said to them, ^(AO)“It is the bread that the Lord has given you to eat. ¹⁶This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Gather of it, each one of you, as much as he can eat. You shall each take an ^(AP)omer,^[e] according to the number of the persons that each of you has in his tent.’” ¹⁷And the people of Israel did so. They gathered, some more, some less. ¹⁸But when they measured it with an omer, ^(AQ)whoever gathered much had nothing left over, and whoever gathered little had no lack. Each of them gathered as much as he could eat. ¹⁹And Moses said to them, “Let no one leave any of it over till the morning.” ²⁰But they did not listen to Moses. Some left part of it till the morning, and ^(AR)it bred worms and stank. And Moses was angry with them. ²¹Morning by morning they gathered it, each as much as he could eat; but when the sun grew hot, it melted.

²²On ^(AS)the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers each. And when all the leaders of the congregation came and told Moses, ²³he said to them, “This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Tomorrow is a day of ^(AT)solemn rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord; bake what you will bake and boil what you will boil, and all that is left over lay aside to be kept till the morning.’” ²⁴So they laid it aside till the morning, as Moses commanded them, and ^(AU)it did not stink, and there were no worms in it. ²⁵Moses said, “Eat it today, for ^(AV)today is a Sabbath to the Lord; today you will not find it in the field. ²⁶Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none.”

²⁷On the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they found none. ²⁸And the Lord said to Moses, ^(AW)“How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws? ²⁹See! The Lord has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he gives you bread for two days. Remain each of you in his place; let no one go out of his place on the seventh day.” ³⁰So the people ^(AX)rested on the seventh day.

³¹Now the house of Israel called its name ^(AY)manna. It was ^(AZ)like coriander seed, white, and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey. ³²Moses said, “This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Let an omer of it be kept throughout your generations, so that they may see the bread with which I fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.’” ³³And Moses said to Aaron, “Take a ^(BA)jar, and put an omer of manna in it, and place it before the Lord to be kept throughout your generations.” ³⁴As the Lord commanded Moses, so Aaron placed it before ^(BB)the testimony to be kept. ³⁵The people of Israel ^(BC)ate the manna forty years, till they came to a habitable land. They ate the manna till ^(BD)they came to the border of the land of Canaan. ³⁶(An omer is ^(BE)the tenth part of an ephah.)^[f]

Water from the Rock

17 ^(BF)All the congregation of the people of Israel moved on from the wilderness of Sin by stages, according to the commandment of the Lord, and camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink. ²^(BG)Therefore the people quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water to drink.” And Moses said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you ^(BH)test the Lord?” ³But the people thirsted there for water, and ^(BI)the people grumbled against Moses and said, “Why did you bring us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?” ⁴So Moses cried to the Lord, “What shall I do with this people? They are almost ready ^(BJ)to stone me.” ⁵And the Lord said to Moses, “Pass on before the people, taking with you some of the elders of Israel, and take in your hand the staff with ^(BK)which you struck the Nile, and go. ⁶^(BL)Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb, and you shall strike the rock, and water shall come out of it, and the people will drink.” And Moses did so, in the sight of the elders of Israel. ⁷And he called the name of the place ^(BM)Massah^[g] and ^(BN)Meribah,^[h] because of the quarreling of the people of Israel, and because they tested the Lord by saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”

Israel Defeats Amalek

⁸^(BO)Then Amalek came and fought with Israel at Rephidim. ⁹So Moses said to ^(BP)Joshua, “Choose for us men, and go out and fight with Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with ^(BQ)the staff of God in my hand.” ¹⁰So ^(BR)Joshua did as Moses told him, and fought with Amalek, while Moses, Aaron, and ^(BS)Hur went up to the top of the hill. ¹¹Whenever Moses ^(BT)held up his hand, Israel prevailed, and whenever he lowered his hand, Amalek prevailed. ¹²But Moses' hands grew weary, so they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat on it, while Aaron and ^(BU)Hur held up his hands, one on one side, and the other on the other side. So his hands were steady until the going down of the sun. ¹³And ^(BV)Joshua overwhelmed Amalek and his people with the sword.

¹⁴Then the Lord said to Moses, “Write this as a memorial in a book and recite it in the ears of ^(BW)Joshua, that ^(BX)I will utterly blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven.” ¹⁵And Moses ^(BY)built an altar and called the name of it, The Lord Is My Banner, ¹⁶saying, “A hand upon the throne^[i] of the Lord! ^(BZ)The Lord will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.”

Jethro's Advice

18 ^(CA)Jethro, ^(CB)the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people, how the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt. ²Now Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, had taken Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her home, ³along with her ^(CC)two sons. The name of the one was Gershom (^(CD)for he said, ^(CE)“I have been a sojourner^[j] in a foreign land”), ⁴and the name of the other, Eliezer^[k] (for he said, “The God of my father was my help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh”). ⁵Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moses in the wilderness where he was encamped at the ^(CF)mountain of God. ⁶And when he sent word to Moses, “I,^[l] your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons with her,” ⁷Moses ^(CG)went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down and ^(CH)kissed him. And they asked each other of their welfare and went into the tent. ⁸Then Moses told his father-in-law ^(CI)all that the Lord had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, all the hardship that had come upon them in the way, and how the Lord had delivered them. ⁹And Jethro rejoiced for all the good that the Lord had done to Israel, in that he had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.

¹⁰Jethro said, ^(CJ)“Blessed be the Lord, who has delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of Pharaoh and has delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians. ¹¹Now I know that ^(CK)the Lord is greater than all gods, because in this affair they ^(CL)dealt arrogantly with the people.”^[m] ¹²And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God; and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law ^(CM)before God.

¹³The next day Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moses from morning till evening. ¹⁴When Moses' father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, he said, “What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning till evening?” ¹⁵And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because ^(CN)the people come to me to inquire of God; ¹⁶^(CO)when they have a dispute, they come to me and I decide between one person and another, and I ^(CP)make them know the statutes of God and his laws.” ¹⁷Moses' father-in-law said to him, “What you are doing is not good. ¹⁸You and the people with you will certainly wear yourselves out, for the thing is too heavy for you. ^(CQ)You are not able to do it alone. ¹⁹Now obey my voice; I will give you advice, and God be with you! You shall ^(CR)represent the people before God and ^(CS)bring their cases to God, ²⁰and you shall warn them about the statutes and the laws, and make them know ^(CT)the way in which they must walk and ^(CU)what they must do. ²¹Moreover, look for ^(CV)able men from all the people, men who fear God, who are trustworthy and hate a bribe, and place such men over the people as chiefs of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens. ²²And ^(CW)let them judge the people at all times. ^(CX)Every great matter they shall bring to you, but any small matter they shall decide themselves. So it will be easier for you, and they will ^(CY)bear the burden with you. ²³If you do this, God will direct you, you will be ^(CZ)able to endure, and all this people also will go to their place in peace.”

²⁴So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said. ²⁵^(DA)Moses chose able men out of all Israel and made them heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens. ²⁶And ^(DB)they judged the people at all times. Any hard case they brought to Moses, but any small matter they decided themselves. ²⁷Then Moses let his father-in-law depart, and ^(DC)he went away to his own country.

Israel at Mount Sinai

19 On the third new moon after the people of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt, on that day they ^(DD)came into the wilderness of Sinai. ²They set out from ^(DE)Rephidim and came into the wilderness of Sinai, and they encamped in the wilderness. There Israel encamped before ^(DF)the mountain, ³while ^(DG)Moses went up to God. ^(DH)The Lord called to him out of the mountain, saying, “Thus you shall say to the house of Jacob, and tell the people of Israel: ⁴^(DI)‘You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how ^(DJ)I bore you on eagles' wings and brought you to myself. ⁵Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be ^(DK)my treasured possession among all peoples, for ^(DL)all the earth is mine; ⁶and you shall be to me a ^(DM)kingdom of priests and ^(DN)a holy nation.’ These are the words that you shall speak to the people of Israel.”

⁷So Moses came and called the elders of the people and set before them all these words that the Lord had commanded him. ⁸^(DO)All the people answered together and said, “All that the Lord has spoken we will do.” And Moses reported the words of the people to the Lord. ⁹And the Lord said to Moses, “Behold, I am coming to you ^(DP)in a thick cloud, that ^(DQ)the people may hear when I speak with you, and may also ^(DR)believe you forever.”

When Moses told the words of the people to the Lord, ¹⁰the Lord said to Moses, “Go to the people and ^(DS)consecrate them today and tomorrow, and let them ^(DT)wash their garments ¹¹and be ready for the third day. For on the third day ^(DU)the Lord will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people. ¹²And you shall set limits for the people all around, saying, ‘Take care not to go up into the mountain or touch the edge of it. ^(DV)Whoever touches the mountain shall be put to death. ¹³No hand shall touch him, but he shall be stoned or shot;^[n] whether beast or man, he shall not live.’ When ^(DW)the trumpet sounds a long blast, they shall come up to the mountain.” ¹⁴So Moses ^(DX)went down from the mountain to the people and ^(DY)consecrated the people; ^(DZ)and they washed their garments. ¹⁵And he said to the people, “Be ready for the ^(EA)third day; ^(EB)do not go near a woman.”

¹⁶On the morning of the ^(EC)third day there were ^(ED)thunders and lightnings and ^(EE)a thick cloud on the mountain and a very loud ^(EF)trumpet blast, so that all the people in the camp ^(EG)trembled. ¹⁷Then ^(EH)Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet God, and they took their stand at the foot of the mountain. ¹⁸Now ^(EI)Mount Sinai was wrapped in smoke because the Lord had descended on it in fire. The smoke of it went up like the smoke of a kiln, and ^(EJ)the whole mountain trembled greatly. ¹⁹And as the ^(EK)sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder, Moses spoke, and ^(EL)God answered him in thunder. ²⁰The Lord came down on Mount Sinai, to the top of the mountain. And the Lord called Moses to the top of the mountain, and Moses went up.

²¹And the Lord said to Moses, “Go down and warn the people, lest they break through to the Lord ^(EM)to look and many of them perish. ²²Also let the priests who come near to the Lord ^(EN)consecrate themselves, lest the Lord ^(EO)break out against them.” ²³And Moses said to the Lord, “The people cannot come up to Mount Sinai, for you yourself warned us, saying, ^(EP)‘Set limits around the mountain and consecrate it.’” ²⁴And the Lord said to him, “Go down, and come up bringing Aaron with you. But do not let the priests and the people ^(EQ)break through to come up to the Lord, lest he break out against them.” ²⁵So Moses went down to the people and told them.

The Ten Commandments

20 ^(ER)And ^(ES)God spoke all these words, saying,

²^(ET)“I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.

³^(EU)“You shall have no other gods before^[o] me.

⁴^(EV)“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. ⁵^(EW)You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God am ^(EX)a jealous God, ^(EY)visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, ⁶but showing steadfast love to thousands^[p] of those who love me and keep my commandments.

⁷^(EZ)“You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.

⁸^(FA)“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. ⁹^(FB)Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, ¹⁰but the ^(FC)seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the ^(FD)sojourner who is within your gates. ¹¹For ^(FE)in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.

¹²^(FF)“Honor your father and your mother, ^(FG)that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.

¹³^(FH)“You shall not murder.^[q]

¹⁴^(FI)“You shall not commit adultery.

¹⁵^(FJ)“You shall not steal.

¹⁶^(FK)“You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

¹⁷^(FL)“You shall not covet ^(FM)your neighbor's house; ^(FN)you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.”

¹⁸Now when all the people saw ^(FO)the thunder and the flashes of lightning and the sound of the trumpet and the mountain smoking, the people were afraid^[r] and trembled, and they stood far off ¹⁹and said to Moses, ^(FP)“You speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, lest we die.” ²⁰^(FQ)Moses said to the people, “Do not fear, for God has come to ^(FR)test you, that the fear of him may be before you, that you may not sin.” ²¹The people stood far off, while Moses drew near to the ^(FS)thick darkness where God was.

Laws About Altars

²²And the Lord said to Moses, “Thus you shall say to the people of Israel: ‘You have seen for yourselves that I have ^(FT)talked with you from heaven. ²³^(FU)You shall not make gods of silver to be with me, nor shall you make for yourselves gods of gold. ²⁴An altar of earth you shall make for me and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and your peace offerings, your sheep and your oxen. ^(FV)In every place where I cause my name to be remembered I will come to you and ^(FW)bless you. ²⁵^(FX)If you make me an altar of stone, ^(FY)you shall not build it of hewn stones, for if you wield your tool on it you profane it. ²⁶And you shall not go up by steps to my altar, that your nakedness be not exposed on it.’

Laws About Slaves

21 “Now these are the ^(FZ)rules that you shall set before them. ²^(GA)When you buy a Hebrew slave,^[s] he shall serve six years, and in the seventh he shall go out free, for nothing. ³If he comes in single, he shall go out single; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him. ⁴If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out alone. ⁵But ^(GB)if the slave plainly says, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free,’ ⁶then his master shall bring him to ^(GC)God, and he shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. And his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall be his slave forever.

⁷“When a man ^(GD)sells his daughter as a slave, she shall not go out as the male slaves do. ⁸If she does not please her master, who has designated her^[t] for himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, since he has broken faith with her. ⁹If he designates her for his son, he shall deal with her as with a daughter. ¹⁰If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, or ^(GE)her marital rights. ¹¹And if he does not do these three things for her, she shall go out for nothing, without payment of money.

¹²^(GF)“Whoever strikes a man so that he dies shall be put to death. ¹³^(GG)But if he did not lie in wait for him, but God let him fall into his hand, then ^(GH)I will appoint for you a place to which he may flee. ¹⁴But if a man willfully attacks another to kill him by cunning, ^(GI)you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.

¹⁵“Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death.

¹⁶^(GJ)“Whoever steals a man and sells him, and anyone found ^(GK)in possession of him, shall be put to death.

¹⁷^(GL)“Whoever curses^[u] his father or his mother shall be put to death.

¹⁸“When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist and the man does not die but takes to his bed, ¹⁹then if the man rises again and walks outdoors with his staff, he who struck him shall be clear; only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall have him thoroughly healed.

²⁰“When a man strikes his slave, male or female, with a rod and the slave dies under his hand, he shall be avenged. ²¹But if the slave survives a day or two, he is not to be avenged, for the ^(GM)slave is his money.

²²“When men strive together and hit a pregnant woman, so that her children come out, but there is no harm, the one who hit her shall surely be fined, as the woman's husband shall impose on him, and ^(GN)he shall pay as the ^(GO)judges determine. ²³But if there is harm,^[v] then you shall pay ^(GP)life for life, ²⁴^(GQ)eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, ²⁵burn for burn, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.

²⁶“When a man strikes the eye of his slave, male or female, and destroys it, he shall let the slave go free because of his eye. ²⁷If he knocks out the tooth of his slave, male or female, he shall let the slave go free because of his tooth.

²⁸“When an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ^(GR)ox shall be stoned, and its flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall not be liable. ²⁹But if the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has been warned but has not kept it in, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned, and its owner also shall be put to death. ³⁰If ^(GS)a ransom is imposed on him, then ^(GT)he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is imposed on him. ³¹If it gores a man's son or daughter, he shall be dealt with according to this same rule. ³²If the ox gores a slave, male or female, the owner shall give to their master ^(GU)thirty shekels^[w] of silver, and ^(GV)the ox shall be stoned.

Laws About Restitution

³³“When a man opens a pit, or when a man digs a pit and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it, ³⁴the owner of the pit shall make restoration. He shall give money to its owner, and the dead beast shall be his.

³⁵“When one man's ox butts another's, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live ox and share its price, and the dead beast also they shall share. ³⁶Or if it is known that the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall repay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his.

22 ^[x] “If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and kills it or sells it, he shall repay five oxen for an ox, and ^(GW)four sheep for a sheep. ²^[y] If a thief is found ^(GX)breaking in and is struck so that he dies, there shall be no bloodguilt for him, ³but if the sun has risen on him, there shall be bloodguilt for him. He^[z] shall surely pay. If he has nothing, then ^(GY)he shall be sold for his theft. ⁴If the stolen beast ^(GZ)is found alive in his possession, whether it is an ox or a donkey or a sheep, ^(HA)he shall pay double.

⁵“If a man causes a field or vineyard to be grazed over, or lets his beast loose and it feeds in another man's field, he shall make restitution from the best in his own field and in his own vineyard.

⁶“If fire breaks out and catches in thorns so that the stacked grain or the standing grain or the field is consumed, he who started the fire shall make full restitution.

⁷“If a man gives to his neighbor money or goods to keep safe, and it is stolen from the man's house, then, if the thief is found, ^(HB)he shall pay double. ⁸If the thief is not found, the owner of the house shall come near to God to show whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor's property. ⁹For every breach of trust, whether it is for an ox, for a donkey, for a sheep, for a cloak, or for any kind of lost thing, of which one says, ‘This is it,’ the case of both parties shall come before God. The one whom God condemns shall pay double to his neighbor.

¹⁰“If a man gives to his neighbor a donkey or an ox or a sheep or any beast to keep safe, and it dies or is injured or is driven away, without anyone seeing it, ¹¹^(HC)an oath by the Lord shall be between them both to see whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor's property. The owner shall accept the oath, and he shall not make restitution. ¹²But if ^(HD)it is stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner. ¹³If it is torn by beasts, let him bring it as evidence. He shall not make restitution for what has been torn.

¹⁴“If a man borrows anything of his neighbor, and it is injured or dies, the owner not being with it, he shall make full restitution. ¹⁵If the owner was with it, he shall not make restitution; if it was hired, it came for its hiring fee.^[aa]

Laws About Social Justice

¹⁶^(HE)“If a man seduces a virgin^[ab] who is not betrothed and lies with her, he shall give the bride-price^[ac] for her and make her his wife. ¹⁷If her father utterly refuses to give her to him, ^(HF)he shall pay money equal to the ^(HG)bride-price for virgins.

¹⁸^(HH)“You shall not permit a sorceress to live.

¹⁹^(HI)“Whoever lies with an animal shall be put to death.

²⁰^(HJ)“Whoever sacrifices to any god, other than the Lord alone, shall be devoted to destruction.^[ad]

²¹^(HK)“You shall not wrong a sojourner or oppress him, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt. ²²^(HL)You shall not mistreat any widow or fatherless child. ²³If you do mistreat them, and they ^(HM)cry out to me, I will surely ^(HN)hear their cry, ²⁴and my wrath will burn, and I will kill you with the sword, and ^(HO)your wives shall become widows and your children fatherless.

²⁵^(HP)“If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be like a moneylender to him, and you shall not exact interest from him. ²⁶^(HQ)If ever you take your neighbor's cloak in pledge, you shall return it to him before the sun goes down, ²⁷for that is his only covering, and it is his cloak for his body; in what else shall he sleep? And if he ^(HR)cries to me, I will hear, for I am ^(HS)compassionate.

²⁸^(HT)“You shall not revile God, nor ^(HU)curse a ruler of your people.

²⁹“You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. ^(HV)The firstborn of your sons you shall give to me. ³⁰^(HW)You shall do the same with your oxen and with your sheep: ^(HX)seven days it shall be with its mother; on the eighth day you shall give it to me.

³¹^(HY)“You shall be consecrated to me. Therefore ^(HZ)you shall not eat any flesh that is torn by beasts in the field; ^(IA)you shall throw it to the dogs.

23 ^(IB)“You shall not spread a false report. You shall not join hands with a wicked man to be a ^(IC)malicious witness. ²You shall not fall in with the many to do evil, nor shall you bear witness in a lawsuit, siding with the many, so as to pervert justice, ³^(ID)nor shall you be partial to a poor man in his lawsuit.

⁴^(IE)“If you meet your enemy's ox or his donkey going astray, you shall bring it back to him. ⁵If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying down under its burden, you shall refrain from leaving him with it; you shall rescue it with him.

⁶^(IF)“You shall not pervert the justice due to your poor in his lawsuit. ⁷^(IG)Keep far from a false charge, and ^(IH)do not kill the innocent and righteous, for ^(II)I will not acquit the wicked. ⁸^(IJ)And you shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and subverts the cause of those who are in the right.

⁹^(IK)“You shall not oppress a sojourner. You know the heart of a sojourner, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt.

Laws About the Sabbath and Festivals

¹⁰^(IL)“For six years you shall sow your land and gather in its yield, ¹¹but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the beasts of the field may eat. You shall do likewise with your vineyard, and with your olive orchard.

¹²^(IM)“Six days you shall do your work, but on the seventh day you shall rest; that your ox and your donkey may have rest, and the son of your servant woman, and the alien, may be refreshed.

¹³^(IN)“Pay attention to all that I have said to you, and make no mention of the names of other gods, nor let it be heard on your lips.

¹⁴^(IO)“Three times in the year you shall keep a feast to me. ¹⁵^(IP)You shall keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you shall eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of ^(IQ)Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt. ^(IR)None shall appear before me empty-handed. ¹⁶You shall keep ^(IS)the Feast of Harvest, of the firstfruits of your labor, of what you sow in the field. You shall keep the ^(IT)Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather in from the field the fruit of your labor. ¹⁷^(IU)Three times in the year shall all your males appear before the Lord God.

¹⁸^(IV)“You shall not offer the blood of my sacrifice with anything leavened, or let the fat of my feast remain until the morning.

¹⁹“The best of the ^(IW)firstfruits of your ground you shall bring into the house of the Lord your God.

^(IX)“You shall not boil a young goat in its mother's milk.

Conquest of Canaan Promised

²⁰^(IY)“Behold, I send an angel before you to guard you on the way and to bring you to the place that I have prepared. ²¹Pay careful attention to him and obey his voice; ^(IZ)do not rebel against him, ^(JA)for he will not pardon your transgression, for my name is in him.

²²“But if you carefully obey his voice and do all that I say, then ^(JB)I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries.

²³^(JC)“When my angel goes before you and brings you ^(JD)to the Amorites and the Hittites and the Perizzites and the Canaanites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, and I blot them out, ²⁴you shall ^(JE)not bow down to their gods nor serve them, ^(JF)nor do as they do, but ^(JG)you shall utterly overthrow them and break their ^(JH)pillars in pieces. ²⁵You ^(JI)shall serve the Lord your God, and ^(JJ)he^[ae] will bless your bread and your water, and ^(JK)I will take sickness away from among you. ²⁶^(JL)None shall miscarry or be barren in your land; I will fulfill the ^(JM)number of your days. ²⁷I will send ^(JN)my terror before you and will throw into ^(JO)confusion all the people against whom you shall come, and I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you. ²⁸And ^(JP)I will send hornets^[af] before you, which shall drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites from before you. ²⁹^(JQ)I will not drive them out from before you in one year, lest the land become desolate and the wild beasts multiply against you. ³⁰Little by little I will drive them out from before you, until you have increased and possess the land. ³¹^(JR)And I will set your border from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines, and from the wilderness to the Euphrates,^[ag] for ^(JS)I will give the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you shall drive them out before you. ³²^(JT)You shall make no covenant with them and their gods. ³³They shall not dwell in your land, lest they make you sin against me; for if you serve their gods, ^(JU)it will surely be a snare to you.”

The Covenant Confirmed

24 Then he said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron, ^(JV)Nadab, and Abihu, and ^(JW)seventy of the elders of Israel, and worship from afar. ²Moses ^(JX)alone shall come near to the Lord, but the others shall not come near, and the people shall not come up with him.”

³Moses came and told the people all the words of the Lord and ^(JY)all the rules.^[ah] And all the people answered with one voice and said, ^(JZ)“All the words that the Lord has spoken we will do.” ⁴And ^(KA)Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. He rose early in the morning and built an altar at the foot of the mountain, and twelve ^(KB)pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel. ⁵And he sent young men of the people of Israel, who offered burnt offerings and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen to the Lord. ⁶And ^(KC)Moses took half of the blood and put it in basins, and half of the blood he threw against the altar. ⁷Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it in the hearing of the people. And they said, ^(KD)“All that the Lord has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.” ⁸^(KE)And Moses took the blood and threw it on the people and said, “Behold the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

⁹Then Moses and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and ^(KF)seventy of the elders of Israel ^(KG)went up, ¹⁰and they ^(KH)saw the God of Israel. There was under his feet as it were a pavement of ^(KI)sapphire stone, like the very heaven for clearness. ¹¹And he did not lay his hand on the chief men of the people of Israel; they beheld God, and ^(KJ)ate and drank.

Footnotes

Exodus 15:23 Marah means bitterness
Exodus 15:25 Or tree
Exodus 15:25 Hebrew he
Exodus 16:15 Or “It is manna”; Hebrew man hu
Exodus 16:16 An omer was about 2 quarts or 2 liters
Exodus 16:36 An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters
Exodus 17:7 Massah means testing
Exodus 17:7 Meribah means quarreling
Exodus 17:16 A slight change would yield upon the banner
Exodus 18:3 Gershom sounds like the Hebrew for sojourner
Exodus 18:4 Eliezer means My God is help
Exodus 18:6 Hebrew; Samaritan, Septuagint, Syriac behold
Exodus 18:11 Hebrew with them
Exodus 19:13 That is, shot with an arrow
Exodus 20:3 Or besides
Exodus 20:6 Or to the thousandth generation
Exodus 20:13 The Hebrew word also covers causing human death through carelessness or negligence
Exodus 20:18 Samaritan, Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate; Masoretic Text the people saw
Exodus 21:2 Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles; also verses 5, 6, 7, 20, 21, 26, 27, 32 (see Preface)
Exodus 21:8 Or so that he has not designated her
Exodus 21:17 Or dishonors; Septuagint reviles
Exodus 21:23 Or so that her children come out and it is clear who was to blame, he shall be fined as the woman's husband shall impose on him, and he alone shall pay. ²³If it is unclear who was to blame…
Exodus 21:32 A shekel was about 2/5 ounce or 11 grams
Exodus 22:1 Ch 21:37 in Hebrew
Exodus 22:2 Ch 22:1 in Hebrew
Exodus 22:3 That is, the thief
Exodus 22:15 Or it is reckoned in (Hebrew comes into) its hiring fee
Exodus 22:16 Or a girl of marriageable age; also verse 17
Exodus 22:16 Or engagement present; also verse 17
Exodus 22:20 That is, set apart (devoted) as an offering to the Lord (for destruction)
Exodus 23:25 Septuagint, Vulgate I
Exodus 23:28 Or the hornet
Exodus 23:31 Hebrew the River
Exodus 24:3 Or all the just decrees

Exodus 15:19-24:11

New International Version

¹⁹When Pharaoh’s horses, chariots and horsemen^[a] went into the sea,^(A) the Lord brought the waters of the sea back over them, but the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.^(B) ²⁰Then Miriam^(C) the prophet,^(D) Aaron’s sister, took a timbrel in her hand, and all the women followed her, with timbrels^(E) and dancing.^(F) ²¹Miriam sang^(G) to them:

“Sing to the Lord,
for he is highly exalted.
Both horse and driver^(H)
he has hurled into the sea.”^(I)

The Waters of Marah and Elim

²²Then Moses led Israel from the Red Sea and they went into the Desert^(J) of Shur.^(K) For three days they traveled in the desert without finding water.^(L) ²³When they came to Marah, they could not drink its water because it was bitter. (That is why the place is called Marah.^[b]^(M)) ²⁴So the people grumbled^(N) against Moses, saying, “What are we to drink?”^(O)

²⁵Then Moses cried out^(P) to the Lord, and the Lord showed him a piece of wood. He threw^(Q) it into the water, and the water became fit to drink.

There the Lord issued a ruling and instruction for them and put them to the test.^(R) ²⁶He said, “If you listen carefully to the Lord your God and do what is right in his eyes, if you pay attention to his commands and keep^(S) all his decrees,^(T) I will not bring on you any of the diseases^(U) I brought on the Egyptians, for I am the Lord, who heals^(V) you.”

²⁷Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs and seventy palm trees, and they camped^(W) there near the water.

Manna and Quail

16 The whole Israelite community set out from Elim and came to the Desert of Sin,^(X) which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had come out of Egypt.^(Y) ²In the desert the whole community grumbled^(Z) against Moses and Aaron. ³The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the Lord’s hand in Egypt!^(AA) There we sat around pots of meat and ate all the food^(AB) we wanted, but you have brought us out into this desert to starve this entire assembly to death.”^(AC)

⁴Then the Lord said to Moses, “I will rain down bread from heaven^(AD) for you. The people are to go out each day and gather enough for that day. In this way I will test^(AE) them and see whether they will follow my instructions. ⁵On the sixth day they are to prepare what they bring in, and that is to be twice^(AF) as much as they gather on the other days.”

⁶So Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites, “In the evening you will know that it was the Lord who brought you out of Egypt,^(AG) ⁷and in the morning you will see the glory^(AH) of the Lord, because he has heard your grumbling^(AI) against him. Who are we, that you should grumble against us?”^(AJ) ⁸Moses also said, “You will know that it was the Lord when he gives you meat to eat in the evening and all the bread you want in the morning, because he has heard your grumbling^(AK) against him. Who are we? You are not grumbling against us, but against the Lord.”^(AL)

⁹Then Moses told Aaron, “Say to the entire Israelite community, ‘Come before the Lord, for he has heard your grumbling.’”

¹⁰While Aaron was speaking to the whole Israelite community, they looked toward the desert, and there was the glory^(AM) of the Lord appearing in the cloud.^(AN)

¹¹The Lord said to Moses, ¹²“I have heard the grumbling^(AO) of the Israelites. Tell them, ‘At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will be filled with bread. Then you will know that I am the Lord your God.’”^(AP)

¹³That evening quail^(AQ) came and covered the camp, and in the morning there was a layer of dew^(AR) around the camp. ¹⁴When the dew was gone, thin flakes like frost^(AS) on the ground appeared on the desert floor. ¹⁵When the Israelites saw it, they said to each other, “What is it?” For they did not know^(AT) what it was.

Moses said to them, “It is the bread^(AU) the Lord has given you to eat. ¹⁶This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Everyone is to gather as much as they need. Take an omer^[c]^(AV) for each person you have in your tent.’”

¹⁷The Israelites did as they were told; some gathered much, some little. ¹⁸And when they measured it by the omer, the one who gathered much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little.^(AW) Everyone had gathered just as much as they needed.

¹⁹Then Moses said to them, “No one is to keep any of it until morning.”^(AX)

²⁰However, some of them paid no attention to Moses; they kept part of it until morning, but it was full of maggots and began to smell.^(AY) So Moses was angry^(AZ) with them.

²¹Each morning everyone gathered as much as they needed, and when the sun grew hot, it melted away. ²²On the sixth day, they gathered twice^(BA) as much—two omers^[d] for each person—and the leaders of the community^(BB) came and reported this to Moses. ²³He said to them, “This is what the Lord commanded: ‘Tomorrow is to be a day of sabbath rest, a holy sabbath^(BC) to the Lord. So bake what you want to bake and boil what you want to boil. Save whatever is left and keep it until morning.’”

²⁴So they saved it until morning, as Moses commanded, and it did not stink or get maggots in it. ²⁵“Eat it today,” Moses said, “because today is a sabbath to the Lord. You will not find any of it on the ground today. ²⁶Six days you are to gather it, but on the seventh day, the Sabbath,^(BD) there will not be any.”

²⁷Nevertheless, some of the people went out on the seventh day to gather it, but they found none. ²⁸Then the Lord said to Moses, “How long will you^[e] refuse to keep my commands^(BE) and my instructions? ²⁹Bear in mind that the Lord has given you the Sabbath; that is why on the sixth day he gives you bread for two days. Everyone is to stay where they are on the seventh day; no one is to go out.” ³⁰So the people rested on the seventh day.

³¹The people of Israel called the bread manna.^[f]^(BF) It was white like coriander seed and tasted like wafers made with honey. ³²Moses said, “This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Take an omer of manna and keep it for the generations to come, so they can see the bread I gave you to eat in the wilderness when I brought you out of Egypt.’”

³³So Moses said to Aaron, “Take a jar and put an omer of manna^(BG) in it. Then place it before the Lord to be kept for the generations to come.”

³⁴As the Lord commanded Moses, Aaron put the manna with the tablets of the covenant law,^(BH) so that it might be preserved. ³⁵The Israelites ate manna^(BI) forty years,^(BJ) until they came to a land that was settled; they ate manna until they reached the border of Canaan.^(BK)

³⁶(An omer^(BL) is one-tenth of an ephah.)^(BM)

Water From the Rock

17 The whole Israelite community set out from the Desert of Sin,^(BN) traveling from place to place as the Lord commanded. They camped at Rephidim,^(BO) but there was no water^(BP) for the people to drink. ²So they quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water^(BQ) to drink.”^(BR)

Moses replied, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you put the Lord to the test?”^(BS)

³But the people were thirsty^(BT) for water there, and they grumbled^(BU) against Moses. They said, “Why did you bring us up out of Egypt to make us and our children and livestock die^(BV) of thirst?”

⁴Then Moses cried out to the Lord, “What am I to do with these people? They are almost ready to stone^(BW) me.”

⁵The Lord answered Moses, “Go out in front of the people. Take with you some of the elders of Israel and take in your hand the staff^(BX) with which you struck the Nile,^(BY) and go. ⁶I will stand there before you by the rock at Horeb.^(BZ) Strike^(CA) the rock, and water^(CB) will come out of it for the people to drink.” So Moses did this in the sight of the elders of Israel. ⁷And he called the place Massah^[g]^(CC) and Meribah^[h]^(CD) because the Israelites quarreled and because they tested the Lord saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”

The Amalekites Defeated

⁸The Amalekites^(CE) came and attacked the Israelites at Rephidim.^(CF) ⁹Moses said to Joshua,^(CG) “Choose some of our men and go out to fight the Amalekites. Tomorrow I will stand on top of the hill with the staff^(CH) of God in my hands.”

¹⁰So Joshua fought the Amalekites as Moses had ordered, and Moses, Aaron and Hur^(CI) went to the top of the hill. ¹¹As long as Moses held up his hands, the Israelites were winning,^(CJ) but whenever he lowered his hands, the Amalekites were winning. ¹²When Moses’ hands grew tired, they took a stone and put it under him and he sat on it. Aaron and Hur held his hands up—one on one side, one on the other—so that his hands remained steady till sunset.^(CK) ¹³So Joshua overcame the Amalekite^(CL) army with the sword.

¹⁴Then the Lord said to Moses, “Write^(CM) this on a scroll as something to be remembered and make sure that Joshua hears it, because I will completely blot out^(CN) the name of Amalek^(CO) from under heaven.”

¹⁵Moses built an altar^(CP) and called^(CQ) it The Lord is my Banner. ¹⁶He said, “Because hands were lifted up against^[i] the throne of the Lord,^[j] the Lord will be at war against the Amalekites^(CR) from generation to generation.”^(CS)

Jethro Visits Moses

18 Now Jethro,^(CT) the priest of Midian^(CU) and father-in-law of Moses, heard of everything God had done for Moses and for his people Israel, and how the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt.^(CV)

²After Moses had sent away his wife Zipporah,^(CW) his father-in-law Jethro received her ³and her two sons.^(CX) One son was named Gershom,^[k] for Moses said, “I have become a foreigner in a foreign land”;^(CY) ⁴and the other was named Eliezer,^[l]^(CZ) for he said, “My father’s God was my helper;^(DA) he saved me from the sword of Pharaoh.”

⁵Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, together with Moses’ sons and wife, came to him in the wilderness, where he was camped near the mountain^(DB) of God. ⁶Jethro had sent word to him, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”

⁷So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down^(DC) and kissed^(DD) him. They greeted each other and then went into the tent. ⁸Moses told his father-in-law about everything the Lord had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake and about all the hardships^(DE) they had met along the way and how the Lord had saved^(DF) them.

⁹Jethro was delighted to hear about all the good things^(DG) the Lord had done for Israel in rescuing them from the hand of the Egyptians. ¹⁰He said, “Praise be to the Lord,^(DH) who rescued you from the hand of the Egyptians and of Pharaoh, and who rescued the people from the hand of the Egyptians. ¹¹Now I know that the Lord is greater than all other gods,^(DI) for he did this to those who had treated Israel arrogantly.”^(DJ) ¹²Then Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law,^(DK) brought a burnt offering^(DL) and other sacrifices^(DM) to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat a meal^(DN) with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence^(DO) of God.

¹³The next day Moses took his seat to serve as judge for the people, and they stood around him from morning till evening. ¹⁴When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he said, “What is this you are doing for the people? Why do you alone sit as judge, while all these people stand around you from morning till evening?”

¹⁵Moses answered him, “Because the people come to me to seek God’s will.^(DP) ¹⁶Whenever they have a dispute,^(DQ) it is brought to me, and I decide between the parties and inform them of God’s decrees and instructions.”^(DR)

¹⁷Moses’ father-in-law replied, “What you are doing is not good. ¹⁸You and these people who come to you will only wear yourselves out. The work is too heavy for you; you cannot handle it alone.^(DS) ¹⁹Listen now to me and I will give you some advice, and may God be with you.^(DT) You must be the people’s representative before God and bring their disputes^(DU) to him. ²⁰Teach them his decrees and instructions,^(DV) and show them the way they are to live^(DW) and how they are to behave.^(DX) ²¹But select capable men^(DY) from all the people—men who fear^(DZ) God, trustworthy men who hate dishonest gain^(EA)—and appoint them as officials^(EB) over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens. ²²Have them serve as judges for the people at all times, but have them bring every difficult case^(EC) to you; the simple cases they can decide themselves. That will make your load lighter, because they will share^(ED) it with you. ²³If you do this and God so commands, you will be able to stand the strain, and all these people will go home satisfied.”

²⁴Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said. ²⁵He chose capable men from all Israel and made them leaders^(EE) of the people, officials over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens.^(EF) ²⁶They served as judges^(EG) for the people at all times. The difficult cases^(EH) they brought to Moses, but the simple ones they decided themselves.^(EI)

²⁷Then Moses sent his father-in-law on his way, and Jethro returned to his own country.^(EJ)

At Mount Sinai

19 On the first day of the third month after the Israelites left Egypt^(EK)—on that very day—they came to the Desert of Sinai.^(EL) ²After they set out from Rephidim,^(EM) they entered the Desert of Sinai, and Israel camped there in the desert in front of the mountain.^(EN)

³Then Moses went up to God,^(EO) and the Lord called^(EP) to him from the mountain and said, “This is what you are to say to the descendants of Jacob and what you are to tell the people of Israel: ⁴‘You yourselves have seen what I did to Egypt,^(EQ) and how I carried you on eagles’ wings^(ER) and brought you to myself.^(ES) ⁵Now if you obey me fully^(ET) and keep my covenant,^(EU) then out of all nations you will be my treasured possession.^(EV) Although the whole earth^(EW) is mine, ⁶you^[m] will be for me a kingdom of priests^(EX) and a holy nation.’^(EY) These are the words you are to speak to the Israelites.”

⁷So Moses went back and summoned the elders^(EZ) of the people and set before them all the words the Lord had commanded him to speak.^(FA) ⁸The people all responded together, “We will do everything the Lord has said.”^(FB) So Moses brought their answer back to the Lord.

⁹The Lord said to Moses, “I am going to come to you in a dense cloud,^(FC) so that the people will hear me speaking^(FD) with you and will always put their trust^(FE) in you.” Then Moses told the Lord what the people had said.

¹⁰And the Lord said to Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate^(FF) them today and tomorrow. Have them wash their clothes^(FG) ¹¹and be ready by the third day,^(FH) because on that day the Lord will come down^(FI) on Mount Sinai^(FJ) in the sight of all the people. ¹²Put limits^(FK) for the people around the mountain and tell them, ‘Be careful that you do not approach the mountain or touch the foot of it. Whoever touches the mountain is to be put to death. ¹³They are to be stoned^(FL) or shot with arrows; not a hand is to be laid on them. No person or animal shall be permitted to live.’ Only when the ram’s horn^(FM) sounds a long blast may they approach the mountain.”^(FN)

¹⁴After Moses had gone down the mountain to the people, he consecrated them, and they washed their clothes.^(FO) ¹⁵Then he said to the people, “Prepare yourselves for the third day. Abstain^(FP) from sexual relations.”

¹⁶On the morning of the third day there was thunder^(FQ) and lightning, with a thick cloud^(FR) over the mountain, and a very loud trumpet blast.^(FS) Everyone in the camp trembled.^(FT) ¹⁷Then Moses led the people out of the camp to meet with God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain.^(FU) ¹⁸Mount Sinai was covered with smoke,^(FV) because the Lord descended on it in fire.^(FW) The smoke billowed up from it like smoke from a furnace,^(FX) and the whole mountain^[n] trembled^(FY) violently. ¹⁹As the sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder, Moses spoke and the voice^(FZ) of God answered^(GA) him.^[o]

²⁰The Lord descended to the top of Mount Sinai^(GB) and called Moses to the top of the mountain. So Moses went up ²¹and the Lord said to him, “Go down and warn the people so they do not force their way through to see^(GC) the Lord and many of them perish.^(GD) ²²Even the priests, who approach^(GE) the Lord, must consecrate^(GF) themselves, or the Lord will break out against them.”^(GG)

²³Moses said to the Lord, “The people cannot come up Mount Sinai,^(GH) because you yourself warned us, ‘Put limits^(GI) around the mountain and set it apart as holy.’”

²⁴The Lord replied, “Go down and bring Aaron^(GJ) up with you. But the priests and the people must not force their way through to come up to the Lord, or he will break out against them.”^(GK)

²⁵So Moses went down to the people and told them.

The Ten Commandments^(GL)

20 And God spoke^(GM) all these words:^(GN)

²“I am the Lord your God,^(GO) who brought you out^(GP) of Egypt,^(GQ) out of the land of slavery.^(GR)

³“You shall have no other gods before^[p] me.^(GS)

⁴“You shall not make for yourself an image^(GT) in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. ⁵You shall not bow down to them or worship^(GU) them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God,^(GV) punishing the children for the sin of the parents^(GW) to the third and fourth generation^(GX) of those who hate me, ⁶but showing love to a thousand^(GY) generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.

⁷“You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.^(GZ)

⁸“Remember the Sabbath^(HA) day by keeping it holy. ⁹Six days you shall labor and do all your work,^(HB) ¹⁰but the seventh day is a sabbath^(HC) to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. ¹¹For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth,^(HD) the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested^(HE) on the seventh day.^(HF) Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.

¹²“Honor your father and your mother,^(HG) so that you may live long^(HH) in the land^(HI) the Lord your God is giving you.

¹³“You shall not murder.^(HJ)

¹⁴“You shall not commit adultery.^(HK)

¹⁵“You shall not steal.^(HL)

¹⁶“You shall not give false testimony^(HM) against your neighbor.^(HN)

¹⁷“You shall not covet^(HO) your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

¹⁸When the people saw the thunder and lightning and heard the trumpet^(HP) and saw the mountain in smoke,^(HQ) they trembled with fear.^(HR) They stayed at a distance ¹⁹and said to Moses, “Speak to us yourself and we will listen. But do not have God speak^(HS) to us or we will die.”^(HT)

²⁰Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid.^(HU) God has come to test^(HV) you, so that the fear^(HW) of God will be with you to keep you from sinning.”^(HX)

²¹The people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the thick darkness^(HY) where God was.

Idols and Altars

²²Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites this: ‘You have seen for yourselves that I have spoken to you from heaven:^(HZ) ²³Do not make any gods to be alongside me;^(IA) do not make for yourselves gods of silver or gods of gold.^(IB)

²⁴“‘Make an altar^(IC) of earth for me and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings^(ID) and fellowship offerings, your sheep and goats and your cattle. Wherever I cause my name^(IE) to be honored, I will come to you and bless^(IF) you. ²⁵If you make an altar of stones for me, do not build it with dressed stones, for you will defile it if you use a tool^(IG) on it. ²⁶And do not go up to my altar on steps, or your private parts^(IH) may be exposed.’

21 “These are the laws^(II) you are to set before them:

Hebrew Servants^(IJ)^(IK)

²“If you buy a Hebrew servant,^(IL) he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free,^(IM) without paying anything. ³If he comes alone, he is to go free alone; but if he has a wife when he comes, she is to go with him. ⁴If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.

⁵“But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children and do not want to go free,’^(IN) ⁶then his master must take him before the judges.^[q]^(IO) He shall take him to the door or the doorpost and pierce^(IP) his ear with an awl. Then he will be his servant for life.^(IQ)

⁷“If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. ⁸If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself,^[r] he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, because he has broken faith with her. ⁹If he selects her for his son, he must grant her the rights of a daughter. ¹⁰If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights.^(IR) ¹¹If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.

Personal Injuries

¹²“Anyone who strikes a person with a fatal blow is to be put to death.^(IS) ¹³However, if it is not done intentionally, but God lets it happen, they are to flee to a place^(IT) I will designate. ¹⁴But if anyone schemes and kills someone deliberately,^(IU) that person is to be taken from my altar and put to death.^(IV)

¹⁵“Anyone who attacks^[s] their father or mother is to be put to death.

¹⁶“Anyone who kidnaps someone is to be put to death,^(IW) whether the victim has been sold^(IX) or is still in the kidnapper’s possession.

¹⁷“Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.^(IY)

¹⁸“If people quarrel and one person hits another with a stone or with their fist^[t] and the victim does not die but is confined to bed, ¹⁹the one who struck the blow will not be held liable if the other can get up and walk around outside with a staff; however, the guilty party must pay the injured person for any loss of time and see that the victim is completely healed.

²⁰“Anyone who beats their male or female slave with a rod must be punished if the slave dies as a direct result, ²¹but they are not to be punished if the slave recovers after a day or two, since the slave is their property.^(IZ)

²²“If people are fighting and hit a pregnant woman and she gives birth prematurely^[u] but there is no serious injury, the offender must be fined whatever the woman’s husband demands^(JA) and the court allows. ²³But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life,^(JB) ²⁴eye for eye, tooth for tooth,^(JC) hand for hand, foot for foot, ²⁵burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise.

²⁶“An owner who hits a male or female slave in the eye and destroys it must let the slave go free to compensate for the eye. ²⁷And an owner who knocks out the tooth of a male or female slave must let the slave go free to compensate for the tooth.

²⁸“If a bull gores a man or woman to death, the bull is to be stoned to death,^(JD) and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the bull will not be held responsible. ²⁹If, however, the bull has had the habit of goring and the owner has been warned but has not kept it penned up^(JE) and it kills a man or woman, the bull is to be stoned and its owner also is to be put to death. ³⁰However, if payment is demanded, the owner may redeem his life by the payment of whatever is demanded.^(JF) ³¹This law also applies if the bull gores a son or daughter. ³²If the bull gores a male or female slave, the owner must pay thirty shekels^[v]^(JG) of silver to the master of the slave, and the bull is to be stoned to death.

³³“If anyone uncovers a pit^(JH) or digs one and fails to cover it and an ox or a donkey falls into it, ³⁴the one who opened the pit must pay the owner for the loss and take the dead animal in exchange.

³⁵“If anyone’s bull injures someone else’s bull and it dies, the two parties are to sell the live one and divide both the money and the dead animal equally. ³⁶However, if it was known that the bull had the habit of goring, yet the owner did not keep it penned up,^(JI) the owner must pay, animal for animal, and take the dead animal in exchange.

Protection of Property

22 ^[w]“Whoever steals an ox or a sheep and slaughters it or sells it must pay back^(JJ) five head of cattle for the ox and four sheep for the sheep.

²“If a thief is caught breaking in^(JK) at night and is struck a fatal blow, the defender is not guilty of bloodshed;^(JL) ³but if it happens after sunrise, the defender is guilty of bloodshed.

“Anyone who steals must certainly make restitution,^(JM) but if they have nothing, they must be sold^(JN) to pay for their theft. ⁴If the stolen animal is found alive in their possession^(JO)—whether ox or donkey or sheep—they must pay back double.^(JP)

⁵“If anyone grazes their livestock in a field or vineyard and lets them stray and they graze in someone else’s field, the offender must make restitution^(JQ) from the best of their own field or vineyard.

⁶“If a fire breaks out and spreads into thornbushes so that it burns shocks^(JR) of grain or standing grain or the whole field, the one who started the fire must make restitution.^(JS)

⁷“If anyone gives a neighbor silver or goods for safekeeping^(JT) and they are stolen from the neighbor’s house, the thief, if caught, must pay back double.^(JU) ⁸But if the thief is not found, the owner of the house must appear before the judges,^(JV) and they must^[x] determine whether the owner of the house has laid hands on the other person’s property. ⁹In all cases of illegal possession of an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any other lost property about which somebody says, ‘This is mine,’ both parties are to bring their cases before the judges.^[y]^(JW) The one whom the judges declare^[z] guilty must pay back double to the other.

¹⁰“If anyone gives a donkey, an ox, a sheep or any other animal to their neighbor for safekeeping^(JX) and it dies or is injured or is taken away while no one is looking, ¹¹the issue between them will be settled by the taking of an oath^(JY) before the Lord that the neighbor did not lay hands on the other person’s property. The owner is to accept this, and no restitution is required. ¹²But if the animal was stolen from the neighbor, restitution^(JZ) must be made to the owner. ¹³If it was torn to pieces by a wild animal, the neighbor shall bring in the remains as evidence and shall not be required to pay for the torn animal.^(KA)

¹⁴“If anyone borrows an animal from their neighbor and it is injured or dies while the owner is not present, they must make restitution.^(KB) ¹⁵But if the owner is with the animal, the borrower will not have to pay. If the animal was hired, the money paid for the hire covers the loss.^(KC)

Social Responsibility

¹⁶“If a man seduces a virgin^(KD) who is not pledged to be married and sleeps with her, he must pay the bride-price,^(KE) and she shall be his wife. ¹⁷If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must still pay the bride-price for virgins.

¹⁸“Do not allow a sorceress^(KF) to live.

¹⁹“Anyone who has sexual relations with an animal^(KG) is to be put to death.

²⁰“Whoever sacrifices to any god^(KH) other than the Lord must be destroyed.^[aa]^(KI)

²¹“Do not mistreat or oppress a foreigner,^(KJ) for you were foreigners^(KK) in Egypt.

²²“Do not take advantage of the widow or the fatherless.^(KL) ²³If you do and they cry out^(KM) to me, I will certainly hear their cry.^(KN) ²⁴My anger will be aroused, and I will kill you with the sword; your wives will become widows and your children fatherless.^(KO)

²⁵“If you lend money to one of my people among you who is needy, do not treat it like a business deal; charge no interest.^(KP) ²⁶If you take your neighbor’s cloak as a pledge,^(KQ) return it by sunset, ²⁷because that cloak is the only covering your neighbor has. What else can they sleep in?^(KR) When they cry out to me, I will hear, for I am compassionate.^(KS)

²⁸“Do not blaspheme God^[ab]^(KT) or curse^(KU) the ruler of your people.^(KV)

²⁹“Do not hold back offerings^(KW) from your granaries or your vats.^[ac]

“You must give me the firstborn of your sons.^(KX) ³⁰Do the same with your cattle and your sheep.^(KY) Let them stay with their mothers for seven days, but give them to me on the eighth day.^(KZ)

³¹“You are to be my holy people.^(LA) So do not eat the meat of an animal torn by wild beasts;^(LB) throw it to the dogs.

Laws of Justice and Mercy

23 “Do not spread false reports.^(LC) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.^(LD)

²“Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice^(LE) by siding with the crowd,^(LF) ³and do not show favoritism^(LG) to a poor person in a lawsuit.

⁴“If you come across your enemy’s^(LH) ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to return it.^(LI) ⁵If you see the donkey^(LJ) of someone who hates you fallen down under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help them with it.

⁶“Do not deny justice^(LK) to your poor people in their lawsuits. ⁷Have nothing to do with a false charge^(LL) and do not put an innocent^(LM) or honest person to death,^(LN) for I will not acquit the guilty.^(LO)

⁸“Do not accept a bribe,^(LP) for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the innocent.

⁹“Do not oppress a foreigner;^(LQ) you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners, because you were foreigners in Egypt.

Sabbath Laws

¹⁰“For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, ¹¹but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused.^(LR) Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.

¹²“Six days do your work,^(LS) but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed.^(LT)

¹³“Be careful^(LU) to do everything I have said to you. Do not invoke the names of other gods;^(LV) do not let them be heard on your lips.^(LW)

The Three Annual Festivals

¹⁴“Three times^(LX) a year you are to celebrate a festival to me.

¹⁵“Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread;^(LY) for seven days eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,^(LZ) for in that month you came out of Egypt.

“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.^(MA)

¹⁶“Celebrate the Festival of Harvest^(MB) with the firstfruits^(MC) of the crops you sow in your field.

“Celebrate the Festival of Ingathering^(MD) at the end of the year, when you gather in your crops from the field.^(ME)

¹⁷“Three times^(MF) a year all the men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord.

¹⁸“Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast.^(MG)

“The fat of my festival offerings must not be kept until morning.^(MH)

¹⁹“Bring the best of the firstfruits^(MI) of your soil to the house of the Lord your God.

“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.^(MJ)

God’s Angel to Prepare the Way

²⁰“See, I am sending an angel^(MK) ahead of you to guard you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared.^(ML) ²¹Pay attention to him and listen^(MM) to what he says. Do not rebel against him; he will not forgive^(MN) your rebellion,^(MO) since my Name^(MP) is in him. ²²If you listen carefully to what he says and do^(MQ) all that I say, I will be an enemy^(MR) to your enemies and will oppose those who oppose you. ²³My angel will go ahead of you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites and Jebusites,^(MS) and I will wipe them out. ²⁴Do not bow down before their gods or worship^(MT) them or follow their practices.^(MU) You must demolish^(MV) them and break their sacred stones^(MW) to pieces. ²⁵Worship the Lord your God,^(MX) and his blessing^(MY) will be on your food and water. I will take away sickness^(MZ) from among you, ²⁶and none will miscarry or be barren^(NA) in your land. I will give you a full life span.^(NB)

²⁷“I will send my terror^(NC) ahead of you and throw into confusion^(ND) every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn their backs and run.^(NE) ²⁸I will send the hornet^(NF) ahead of you to drive the Hivites, Canaanites and Hittites^(NG) out of your way. ²⁹But I will not drive them out in a single year, because the land would become desolate and the wild animals^(NH) too numerous for you. ³⁰Little by little I will drive them out before you, until you have increased enough to take possession^(NI) of the land.

³¹“I will establish your borders from the Red Sea^[ad] to the Mediterranean Sea,^[ae] and from the desert to the Euphrates River.^(NJ) I will give into your hands the people who live in the land, and you will drive them out^(NK) before you. ³²Do not make a covenant^(NL) with them or with their gods. ³³Do not let them live in your land or they will cause you to sin against me, because the worship of their gods will certainly be a snare^(NM) to you.”

The Covenant Confirmed

24 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron,^(NN) Nadab and Abihu,^(NO) and seventy of the elders^(NP) of Israel. You are to worship at a distance, ²but Moses alone is to approach^(NQ) the Lord; the others must not come near. And the people may not come up with him.”

³When Moses went and told the people all the Lord’s words and laws,^(NR) they responded with one voice, “Everything the Lord has said we will do.”^(NS) ⁴Moses then wrote^(NT) down everything the Lord had said.

He got up early the next morning and built an altar^(NU) at the foot of the mountain and set up twelve stone pillars^(NV) representing the twelve tribes of Israel. ⁵Then he sent young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings^(NW) and sacrificed young bulls as fellowship offerings^(NX) to the Lord. ⁶Moses^(NY) took half of the blood^(NZ) and put it in bowls, and the other half he splashed^(OA) against the altar. ⁷Then he took the Book of the Covenant^(OB) and read it to the people. They responded, “We will do everything the Lord has said; we will obey.”^(OC)

⁸Moses then took the blood, sprinkled it on the people^(OD) and said, “This is the blood of the covenant^(OE) that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

⁹Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and the seventy elders^(OF) of Israel went up ¹⁰and saw^(OG) the God of Israel. Under his feet was something like a pavement made of lapis lazuli,^(OH) as bright blue as the sky.^(OI) ¹¹But God did not raise his hand against these leaders of the Israelites; they saw^(OJ) God, and they ate and drank.^(OK)

Footnotes

Exodus 15:19 Or charioteers
Exodus 15:23 Marah means bitter.
Exodus 16:16 That is, possibly about 3 pounds or about 1.4 kilograms; also in verses 18, 32, 33 and 36
Exodus 16:22 That is, possibly about 6 pounds or about 2.8 kilograms
Exodus 16:28 The Hebrew is plural.
Exodus 16:31 Manna sounds like the Hebrew for What is it? (see verse 15).
Exodus 17:7 Massah means testing.
Exodus 17:7 Meribah means quarreling.
Exodus 17:16 Or to
Exodus 17:16 The meaning of the Hebrew for this clause is uncertain.
Exodus 18:3 Gershom sounds like the Hebrew for a foreigner there.
Exodus 18:4 Eliezer means my God is helper.
Exodus 19:6 Or possession, for the whole earth is mine. ⁶You
Exodus 19:18 Most Hebrew manuscripts; a few Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint and all the people
Exodus 19:19 Or and God answered him with thunder
Exodus 20:3 Or besides
Exodus 21:6 Or before God
Exodus 21:8 Or master so that he does not choose her
Exodus 21:15 Or kills
Exodus 21:18 Or with a tool
Exodus 21:22 Or she has a miscarriage
Exodus 21:32 That is, about 12 ounces or about 345 grams
Exodus 22:1 In Hebrew texts 22:1 is numbered 21:37, and 22:2-31 is numbered 22:1-30.
Exodus 22:8 Or before God, and he will
Exodus 22:9 Or before God
Exodus 22:9 Or whom God declares
Exodus 22:20 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
Exodus 22:28 Or Do not revile the judges
Exodus 22:29 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
Exodus 23:31 Or the Sea of Reeds
Exodus 23:31 Hebrew to the Sea of the Philistines

Exodus 15:19-28:43

King James Version

¹⁹For the horse of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the Lord brought again the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel went on dry land in the midst of the sea.

²⁰And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances.

²¹And Miriam answered them, Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea.

²²So Moses brought Israel from the Red sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water.

²³And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter: therefore the name of it was called Marah.

²⁴And the people murmured against Moses, saying, What shall we drink?

²⁵And he cried unto the Lord; and the Lord shewed him a tree, which when he had cast into the waters, the waters were made sweet: there he made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there he proved them,

²⁶And said, If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of the Lord thy God, and wilt do that which is right in his sight, and wilt give ear to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, I will put none of these diseases upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians: for I am the Lord that healeth thee.

²⁷And they came to Elim, where were twelve wells of water, and threescore and ten palm trees: and they encamped there by the waters.

16 And they took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came unto the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departing out of the land of Egypt.

²And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness:

³And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.

⁴Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a certain rate every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in my law, or no.

⁵And it shall come to pass, that on the sixth day they shall prepare that which they bring in; and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily.

⁶And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel, At even, then ye shall know that the Lord hath brought you out from the land of Egypt:

⁷And in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of the Lord; for that he heareth your murmurings against the Lord: and what are we, that ye murmur against us?

⁸And Moses said, This shall be, when the Lord shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that the Lord heareth your murmurings which ye murmur against him: and what are we? your murmurings are not against us, but against the Lord.

⁹And Moses spake unto Aaron, Say unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, Come near before the Lord: for he hath heard your murmurings.

¹⁰And it came to pass, as Aaron spake unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud.

¹¹And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

¹²I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God.

¹³And it came to pass, that at even the quails came up, and covered the camp: and in the morning the dew lay round about the host.

¹⁴And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground.

¹⁵And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another, It is manna: for they wist not what it was. And Moses said unto them, This is the bread which the Lord hath given you to eat.

¹⁶This is the thing which the Lord hath commanded, Gather of it every man according to his eating, an omer for every man, according to the number of your persons; take ye every man for them which are in his tents.

¹⁷And the children of Israel did so, and gathered, some more, some less.

¹⁸And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.

¹⁹And Moses said, Let no man leave of it till the morning.

²⁰Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto Moses; but some of them left of it until the morning, and it bred worms, and stank: and Moses was wroth with them.

²¹And they gathered it every morning, every man according to his eating: and when the sun waxed hot, it melted.

²²And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for one man: and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.

²³And he said unto them, This is that which the Lord hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the Lord: bake that which ye will bake to day, and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.

²⁴And they laid it up till the morning, as Moses bade: and it did not stink, neither was there any worm therein.

²⁵And Moses said, Eat that to day; for to day is a sabbath unto the Lord: to day ye shall not find it in the field.

²⁶Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.

²⁷And it came to pass, that there went out some of the people on the seventh day for to gather, and they found none.

²⁸And the Lord said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

²⁹See, for that the Lord hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.

³⁰So the people rested on the seventh day.

³¹And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.

³²And Moses said, This is the thing which the Lord commandeth, Fill an omer of it to be kept for your generations; that they may see the bread wherewith I have fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you forth from the land of Egypt.

³³And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a pot, and put an omer full of manna therein, and lay it up before the Lord, to be kept for your generations.

³⁴As the Lord commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up before the Testimony, to be kept.

³⁵And the children of Israel did eat manna forty years, until they came to a land inhabited; they did eat manna, until they came unto the borders of the land of Canaan.

³⁶Now an omer is the tenth part of an ephah.

17 And all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, after their journeys, according to the commandment of the Lord, and pitched in Rephidim: and there was no water for the people to drink.

²Wherefore the people did chide with Moses, and said, Give us water that we may drink. And Moses said unto them, Why chide ye with me? wherefore do ye tempt the Lord?

³And the people thirsted there for water; and the people murmured against Moses, and said, Wherefore is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?

⁴And Moses cried unto the Lord, saying, What shall I do unto this people? they be almost ready to stone me.

⁵And the Lord said unto Moses, Go on before the people, and take with thee of the elders of Israel; and thy rod, wherewith thou smotest the river, take in thine hand, and go.

⁶Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.

⁷And he called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, Is the Lord among us, or not?

⁸Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim.

⁹And Moses said unto Joshua, Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek: to morrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in mine hand.

¹⁰So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.

¹¹And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed: and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed.

¹²But Moses hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.

¹³And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword.

¹⁴And the Lord said unto Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly put out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.

¹⁵And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovahnissi:

¹⁶For he said, Because the Lord hath sworn that the Lord will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.

18 When Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father in law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, and that the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt;

²Then Jethro, Moses' father in law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her back,

³And her two sons; of which the name of the one was Gershom; for he said, I have been an alien in a strange land:

⁴And the name of the other was Eliezer; for the God of my father, said he, was mine help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh:

⁵And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mount of God:

⁶And he said unto Moses, I thy father in law Jethro am come unto thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.

⁷And Moses went out to meet his father in law, and did obeisance, and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent.

⁸And Moses told his father in law all that the Lord had done unto Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, and all the travail that had come upon them by the way, and how the Lord delivered them.

⁹And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which the Lord had done to Israel, whom he had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians.

¹⁰And Jethro said, Blessed be the Lord, who hath delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh, who hath delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.

¹¹Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods: for in the thing wherein they dealt proudly he was above them.

¹²And Jethro, Moses' father in law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God: and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father in law before God.

¹³And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.

¹⁴And when Moses' father in law saw all that he did to the people, he said, What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning unto even?

¹⁵And Moses said unto his father in law, Because the people come unto me to enquire of God:

¹⁶When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes of God, and his laws.

¹⁷And Moses' father in law said unto him, The thing that thou doest is not good.

¹⁸Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone.

¹⁹Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward, that thou mayest bring the causes unto God:

²⁰And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

²¹Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:

²²And let them judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with thee.

²³If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.

²⁴So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father in law, and did all that he had said.

²⁵And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

²⁶And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

²⁷And Moses let his father in law depart; and he went his way into his own land.

19 In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness of Sinai.

²For they were departed from Rephidim, and were come to the desert of Sinai, and had pitched in the wilderness; and there Israel camped before the mount.

³And Moses went up unto God, and the Lord called unto him out of the mountain, saying, Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel;

⁴Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles' wings, and brought you unto myself.

⁵Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:

⁶And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.

⁷And Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and laid before their faces all these words which the Lord commanded him.

⁸And all the people answered together, and said, All that the Lord hath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words of the people unto the Lord.

⁹And the Lord said unto Moses, Lo, I come unto thee in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with thee, and believe thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people unto the Lord.

¹⁰And the Lord said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,

¹¹And be ready against the third day: for the third day the Lord will come down in the sight of all the people upon mount Sinai.

¹²And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch the border of it: whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put to death:

¹³There shall not an hand touch it, but he shall surely be stoned, or shot through; whether it be beast or man, it shall not live: when the trumpet soundeth long, they shall come up to the mount.

¹⁴And Moses went down from the mount unto the people, and sanctified the people; and they washed their clothes.

¹⁵And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not at your wives.

¹⁶And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled.

¹⁷And Moses brought forth the people out of the camp to meet with God; and they stood at the nether part of the mount.

¹⁸And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the Lord descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

¹⁹And when the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, Moses spake, and God answered him by a voice.

²⁰And the Lord came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the Lord called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up.

²¹And the Lord said unto Moses, Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the Lord to gaze, and many of them perish.

²²And let the priests also, which come near to the Lord, sanctify themselves, lest the Lord break forth upon them.

²³And Moses said unto the Lord, The people cannot come up to mount Sinai: for thou chargedst us, saying, Set bounds about the mount, and sanctify it.

²⁴And the Lord said unto him, Away, get thee down, and thou shalt come up, thou, and Aaron with thee: but let not the priests and the people break through to come up unto the Lord, lest he break forth upon them.

²⁵So Moses went down unto the people, and spake unto them.

20 And God spake all these words, saying,

²I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.

³Thou shalt have no other gods before me.

⁴Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.

⁵Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;

⁶And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.

⁷Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.

⁸Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.

⁹Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:

¹⁰But the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:

¹¹For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.

¹²Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

¹³Thou shalt not kill.

¹⁴Thou shalt not commit adultery.

¹⁵Thou shalt not steal.

¹⁶Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.

¹⁷Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

¹⁸And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking: and when the people saw it, they removed, and stood afar off.

¹⁹And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die.

²⁰And Moses said unto the people, Fear not: for God is come to prove you, and that his fear may be before your faces, that ye sin not.

²¹And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.

²²And the Lord said unto Moses, Thus thou shalt say unto the children of Israel, Ye have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.

²³Ye shall not make with me gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods of gold.

²⁴An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee.

²⁵And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stone: for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast polluted it.

²⁶Neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered thereon.

21 Now these are the judgments which thou shalt set before them.

²If thou buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.

³If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him.

⁴If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him sons or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself.

⁵And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free:

⁶Then his master shall bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever.

⁷And if a man sell his daughter to be a maidservant, she shall not go out as the menservants do.

⁸If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her.

⁹And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.

¹⁰If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.

¹¹And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money.

¹²He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.

¹³And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.

¹⁴But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die.

¹⁵And he that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death.

¹⁶And he that stealeth a man, and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.

¹⁷And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death.

¹⁸And if men strive together, and one smite another with a stone, or with his fist, and he die not, but keepeth his bed:

¹⁹If he rise again, and walk abroad upon his staff, then shall he that smote him be quit: only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall cause him to be thoroughly healed.

²⁰And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished.

²¹Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money.

²²If men strive, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischief follow: he shall be surely punished, according as the woman's husband will lay upon him; and he shall pay as the judges determine.

²³And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life,

²⁴Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

²⁵Burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.

²⁶And if a man smite the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish; he shall let him go free for his eye's sake.

²⁷And if he smite out his manservant's tooth, or his maidservant's tooth; he shall let him go free for his tooth's sake.

²⁸If an ox gore a man or a woman, that they die: then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall be quit.

²⁹But if the ox were wont to push with his horn in time past, and it hath been testified to his owner, and he hath not kept him in, but that he hath killed a man or a woman; the ox shall be stoned, and his owner also shall be put to death.

³⁰If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

³¹Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him.

³²If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.

³³And if a man shall open a pit, or if a man shall dig a pit, and not cover it, and an ox or an ass fall therein;

³⁴The owner of the pit shall make it good, and give money unto the owner of them; and the dead beast shall be his.

³⁵And if one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it; and the dead ox also they shall divide.

³⁶Or if it be known that the ox hath used to push in time past, and his owner hath not kept him in; he shall surely pay ox for ox; and the dead shall be his own.

22 If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep.

²If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.

³If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.

⁴If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep; he shall restore double.

⁵If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.

⁶If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.

⁷If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.

⁸If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought unto the judges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neighbour's goods.

⁹For all manner of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing which another challengeth to be his, the cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour.

¹⁰If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, to keep; and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing it:

¹¹Then shall an oath of the Lord be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner of it shall accept thereof, and he shall not make it good.

¹²And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.

¹³If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn.

¹⁴And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good.

¹⁵But if the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good: if it be an hired thing, it came for his hire.

¹⁶And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife.

¹⁷If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.

¹⁸Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live.

¹⁹Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death.

²⁰He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the Lord only, he shall be utterly destroyed.

²¹Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

²²Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.

²³If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry;

²⁴And my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.

²⁵If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury.

²⁶If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:

²⁷For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.

²⁸Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people.

²⁹Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me.

³⁰Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me.

³¹And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.

23 Thou shalt not raise a false report: put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.

²Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to decline after many to wrest judgment:

³Neither shalt thou countenance a poor man in his cause.

⁴If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

⁵If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under his burden, and wouldest forbear to help him, thou shalt surely help with him.

⁶Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor in his cause.

⁷Keep thee far from a false matter; and the innocent and righteous slay thou not: for I will not justify the wicked.

⁸And thou shalt take no gift: for the gift blindeth the wise, and perverteth the words of the righteous.

⁹Also thou shalt not oppress a stranger: for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

¹⁰And six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof:

¹¹But the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard.

¹²Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.

¹³And in all things that I have said unto you be circumspect: and make no mention of the name of other gods, neither let it be heard out of thy mouth.

¹⁴Three times thou shalt keep a feast unto me in the year.

¹⁵Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread: (thou shalt eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded thee, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it thou camest out from Egypt: and none shall appear before me empty:)

¹⁶And the feast of harvest, the firstfruits of thy labours, which thou hast sown in the field: and the feast of ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when thou hast gathered in thy labours out of the field.

¹⁷Three times in the year all thy males shall appear before the Lord God.

¹⁸Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread; neither shall the fat of my sacrifice remain until the morning.

¹⁹The first of the firstfruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk.

²⁰Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared.

²¹Beware of him, and obey his voice, provoke him not; for he will not pardon your transgressions: for my name is in him.

²²But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

²³For mine Angel shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites: and I will cut them off.

²⁴Thou shalt not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do after their works: but thou shalt utterly overthrow them, and quite break down their images.

²⁵And ye shall serve the Lord your God, and he shall bless thy bread, and thy water; and I will take sickness away from the midst of thee.

²⁶There shall nothing cast their young, nor be barren, in thy land: the number of thy days I will fulfil.

²⁷I will send my fear before thee, and will destroy all the people to whom thou shalt come, and I will make all thine enemies turn their backs unto thee.

²⁸And I will send hornets before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.

²⁹I will not drive them out from before thee in one year; lest the land become desolate, and the beast of the field multiply against thee.

³⁰By little and little I will drive them out from before thee, until thou be increased, and inherit the land.

³¹And I will set thy bounds from the Red sea even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert unto the river: for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand; and thou shalt drive them out before thee.

³²Thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor with their gods.

³³They shall not dwell in thy land, lest they make thee sin against me: for if thou serve their gods, it will surely be a snare unto thee.

24 And he said unto Moses, Come up unto the Lord, thou, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel; and worship ye afar off.

²And Moses alone shall come near the Lord: but they shall not come nigh; neither shall the people go up with him.

³And Moses came and told the people all the words of the Lord, and all the judgments: and all the people answered with one voice, and said, All the words which the Lord hath said will we do.

⁴And Moses wrote all the words of the Lord, and rose up early in the morning, and builded an altar under the hill, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel.

⁵And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen unto the Lord.

⁶And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basons; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar.

⁷And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the Lord hath said will we do, and be obedient.

⁸And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the Lord hath made with you concerning all these words.

⁹Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel:

¹⁰And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

¹¹And upon the nobles of the children of Israel he laid not his hand: also they saw God, and did eat and drink.

¹²And the Lord said unto Moses, Come up to me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee tables of stone, and a law, and commandments which I have written; that thou mayest teach them.

¹³And Moses rose up, and his minister Joshua: and Moses went up into the mount of God.

¹⁴And he said unto the elders, Tarry ye here for us, until we come again unto you: and, behold, Aaron and Hur are with you: if any man have any matters to do, let him come unto them.

¹⁵And Moses went up into the mount, and a cloud covered the mount.

¹⁶And the glory of the Lord abode upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the seventh day he called unto Moses out of the midst of the cloud.

¹⁷And the sight of the glory of the Lord was like devouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the children of Israel.

¹⁸And Moses went into the midst of the cloud, and gat him up into the mount: and Moses was in the mount forty days and forty nights.

25 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

²Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring me an offering: of every man that giveth it willingly with his heart ye shall take my offering.

³And this is the offering which ye shall take of them; gold, and silver, and brass,

⁴And blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen, and goats' hair,

⁵And rams' skins dyed red, and badgers' skins, and shittim wood,

⁶Oil for the light, spices for anointing oil, and for sweet incense,

⁷Onyx stones, and stones to be set in the ephod, and in the breastplate.

⁸And let them make me a sanctuary; that I may dwell among them.

⁹According to all that I shew thee, after the pattern of the tabernacle, and the pattern of all the instruments thereof, even so shall ye make it.

¹⁰And they shall make an ark of shittim wood: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof, and a cubit and a half the height thereof.

¹¹And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, within and without shalt thou overlay it, and shalt make upon it a crown of gold round about.

¹²And thou shalt cast four rings of gold for it, and put them in the four corners thereof; and two rings shall be in the one side of it, and two rings in the other side of it.

¹³And thou shalt make staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold.

¹⁴And thou shalt put the staves into the rings by the sides of the ark, that the ark may be borne with them.

¹⁵The staves shall be in the rings of the ark: they shall not be taken from it.

¹⁶And thou shalt put into the ark the testimony which I shall give thee.

¹⁷And thou shalt make a mercy seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.

¹⁸And thou shalt make two cherubims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the two ends of the mercy seat.

¹⁹And make one cherub on the one end, and the other cherub on the other end: even of the mercy seat shall ye make the cherubims on the two ends thereof.

²⁰And the cherubims shall stretch forth their wings on high, covering the mercy seat with their wings, and their faces shall look one to another; toward the mercy seat shall the faces of the cherubims be.

²¹And thou shalt put the mercy seat above upon the ark; and in the ark thou shalt put the testimony that I shall give thee.

²²And there I will meet with thee, and I will commune with thee from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubims which are upon the ark of the testimony, of all things which I will give thee in commandment unto the children of Israel.

²³Thou shalt also make a table of shittim wood: two cubits shall be the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof, and a cubit and a half the height thereof.

²⁴And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, and make thereto a crown of gold round about.

²⁵And thou shalt make unto it a border of an hand breadth round about, and thou shalt make a golden crown to the border thereof round about.

²⁶And thou shalt make for it four rings of gold, and put the rings in the four corners that are on the four feet thereof.

²⁷Over against the border shall the rings be for places of the staves to bear the table.

²⁸And thou shalt make the staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold, that the table may be borne with them.

²⁹And thou shalt make the dishes thereof, and spoons thereof, and covers thereof, and bowls thereof, to cover withal: of pure gold shalt thou make them.

³⁰And thou shalt set upon the table shewbread before me alway.

³¹And thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work shall the candlestick be made: his shaft, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the same.

³²And six branches shall come out of the sides of it; three branches of the candlestick out of the one side, and three branches of the candlestick out of the other side:

³³Three bowls made like unto almonds, with a knop and a flower in one branch; and three bowls made like almonds in the other branch, with a knop and a flower: so in the six branches that come out of the candlestick.

³⁴And in the candlesticks shall be four bowls made like unto almonds, with their knops and their flowers.

³⁵And there shall be a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, according to the six branches that proceed out of the candlestick.

³⁶Their knops and their branches shall be of the same: all it shall be one beaten work of pure gold.

³⁷And thou shalt make the seven lamps thereof: and they shall light the lamps thereof, that they may give light over against it.

³⁸And the tongs thereof, and the snuffdishes thereof, shall be of pure gold.

³⁹Of a talent of pure gold shall he make it, with all these vessels.

⁴⁰And look that thou make them after their pattern, which was shewed thee in the mount.

26 Moreover thou shalt make the tabernacle with ten curtains of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: with cherubims of cunning work shalt thou make them.

²The length of one curtain shall be eight and twenty cubits, and the breadth of one curtain four cubits: and every one of the curtains shall have one measure.

³The five curtains shall be coupled together one to another; and other five curtains shall be coupled one to another.

⁴And thou shalt make loops of blue upon the edge of the one curtain from the selvedge in the coupling; and likewise shalt thou make in the uttermost edge of another curtain, in the coupling of the second.

⁵Fifty loops shalt thou make in the one curtain, and fifty loops shalt thou make in the edge of the curtain that is in the coupling of the second; that the loops may take hold one of another.

⁶And thou shalt make fifty taches of gold, and couple the curtains together with the taches: and it shall be one tabernacle.

⁷And thou shalt make curtains of goats' hair to be a covering upon the tabernacle: eleven curtains shalt thou make.

⁸The length of one curtain shall be thirty cubits, and the breadth of one curtain four cubits: and the eleven curtains shall be all of one measure.

⁹And thou shalt couple five curtains by themselves, and six curtains by themselves, and shalt double the sixth curtain in the forefront of the tabernacle.

¹⁰And thou shalt make fifty loops on the edge of the one curtain that is outmost in the coupling, and fifty loops in the edge of the curtain which coupleth the second.

¹¹And thou shalt make fifty taches of brass, and put the taches into the loops, and couple the tent together, that it may be one.

¹²And the remnant that remaineth of the curtains of the tent, the half curtain that remaineth, shall hang over the backside of the tabernacle.

¹³And a cubit on the one side, and a cubit on the other side of that which remaineth in the length of the curtains of the tent, it shall hang over the sides of the tabernacle on this side and on that side, to cover it.

¹⁴And thou shalt make a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering above of badgers' skins.

¹⁵And thou shalt make boards for the tabernacle of shittim wood standing up.

¹⁶Ten cubits shall be the length of a board, and a cubit and a half shall be the breadth of one board.

¹⁷Two tenons shall there be in one board, set in order one against another: thus shalt thou make for all the boards of the tabernacle.

¹⁸And thou shalt make the boards for the tabernacle, twenty boards on the south side southward.

¹⁹And thou shalt make forty sockets of silver under the twenty boards; two sockets under one board for his two tenons, and two sockets under another board for his two tenons.

²⁰And for the second side of the tabernacle on the north side there shall be twenty boards:

²¹And their forty sockets of silver; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.

²²And for the sides of the tabernacle westward thou shalt make six boards.

²³And two boards shalt thou make for the corners of the tabernacle in the two sides.

²⁴And they shall be coupled together beneath, and they shall be coupled together above the head of it unto one ring: thus shall it be for them both; they shall be for the two corners.

²⁵And they shall be eight boards, and their sockets of silver, sixteen sockets; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.

²⁶And thou shalt make bars of shittim wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,

²⁷And five bars for the boards of the other side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the boards of the side of the tabernacle, for the two sides westward.

²⁸And the middle bar in the midst of the boards shall reach from end to end.

²⁹And thou shalt overlay the boards with gold, and make their rings of gold for places for the bars: and thou shalt overlay the bars with gold.

³⁰And thou shalt rear up the tabernacle according to the fashion thereof which was shewed thee in the mount.

³¹And thou shalt make a vail of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen of cunning work: with cherubims shall it be made:

³²And thou shalt hang it upon four pillars of shittim wood overlaid with gold: their hooks shall be of gold, upon the four sockets of silver.

³³And thou shalt hang up the vail under the taches, that thou mayest bring in thither within the vail the ark of the testimony: and the vail shall divide unto you between the holy place and the most holy.

³⁴And thou shalt put the mercy seat upon the ark of the testimony in the most holy place.

³⁵And thou shalt set the table without the vail, and the candlestick over against the table on the side of the tabernacle toward the south: and thou shalt put the table on the north side.

³⁶And thou shalt make an hanging for the door of the tent, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, wrought with needlework.

³⁷And thou shalt make for the hanging five pillars of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold, and their hooks shall be of gold: and thou shalt cast five sockets of brass for them.

27 And thou shalt make an altar of shittim wood, five cubits long, and five cubits broad; the altar shall be foursquare: and the height thereof shall be three cubits.

²And thou shalt make the horns of it upon the four corners thereof: his horns shall be of the same: and thou shalt overlay it with brass.

³And thou shalt make his pans to receive his ashes, and his shovels, and his basons, and his fleshhooks, and his firepans: all the vessels thereof thou shalt make of brass.

⁴And thou shalt make for it a grate of network of brass; and upon the net shalt thou make four brasen rings in the four corners thereof.

⁵And thou shalt put it under the compass of the altar beneath, that the net may be even to the midst of the altar.

⁶And thou shalt make staves for the altar, staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with brass.

⁷And the staves shall be put into the rings, and the staves shall be upon the two sides of the altar, to bear it.

⁸Hollow with boards shalt thou make it: as it was shewed thee in the mount, so shall they make it.

⁹And thou shalt make the court of the tabernacle: for the south side southward there shall be hangings for the court of fine twined linen of an hundred cubits long for one side:

¹⁰And the twenty pillars thereof and their twenty sockets shall be of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets shall be of silver.

¹¹And likewise for the north side in length there shall be hangings of an hundred cubits long, and his twenty pillars and their twenty sockets of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver.

¹²And for the breadth of the court on the west side shall be hangings of fifty cubits: their pillars ten, and their sockets ten.

¹³And the breadth of the court on the east side eastward shall be fifty cubits.

¹⁴The hangings of one side of the gate shall be fifteen cubits: their pillars three, and their sockets three.

¹⁵And on the other side shall be hangings fifteen cubits: their pillars three, and their sockets three.

¹⁶And for the gate of the court shall be an hanging of twenty cubits, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, wrought with needlework: and their pillars shall be four, and their sockets four.

¹⁷All the pillars round about the court shall be filleted with silver; their hooks shall be of silver, and their sockets of brass.

¹⁸The length of the court shall be an hundred cubits, and the breadth fifty every where, and the height five cubits of fine twined linen, and their sockets of brass.

¹⁹All the vessels of the tabernacle in all the service thereof, and all the pins thereof, and all the pins of the court, shall be of brass.

²⁰And thou shalt command the children of Israel, that they bring thee pure oil olive beaten for the light, to cause the lamp to burn always.

²¹In the tabernacle of the congregation without the vail, which is before the testimony, Aaron and his sons shall order it from evening to morning before the Lord: it shall be a statute for ever unto their generations on the behalf of the children of Israel.

28 And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office, even Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's sons.

²And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty.

³And thou shalt speak unto all that are wise hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they may make Aaron's garments to consecrate him, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

⁴And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

⁵And they shall take gold, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen.

⁶And they shall make the ephod of gold, of blue, and of purple, of scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cunning work.

⁷It shall have the two shoulderpieces thereof joined at the two edges thereof; and so it shall be joined together.

⁸And the curious girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.

⁹And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel:

¹⁰Six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.

¹¹With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold.

¹²And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

¹³And thou shalt make ouches of gold;

¹⁴And two chains of pure gold at the ends; of wreathen work shalt thou make them, and fasten the wreathen chains to the ouches.

¹⁵And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

¹⁶Foursquare it shall be being doubled; a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof.

¹⁷And thou shalt set in it settings of stones, even four rows of stones: the first row shall be a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this shall be the first row.

¹⁸And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.

¹⁹And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.

²⁰And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be set in gold in their inclosings.

²¹And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes.

²²And thou shalt make upon the breastplate chains at the ends of wreathen work of pure gold.

²³And thou shalt make upon the breastplate two rings of gold, and shalt put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate.

²⁴And thou shalt put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings which are on the ends of the breastplate.

²⁵And the other two ends of the two wreathen chains thou shalt fasten in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod before it.

²⁶And thou shalt make two rings of gold, and thou shalt put them upon the two ends of the breastplate in the border thereof, which is in the side of the ephod inward.

²⁷And two other rings of gold thou shalt make, and shalt put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart thereof, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.

²⁸And they shall bind the breastplate by the rings thereof unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it may be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate be not loosed from the ephod.

²⁹And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment upon his heart, when he goeth in unto the holy place, for a memorial before the Lord continually.

³⁰And thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron's heart, when he goeth in before the Lord: and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before the Lord continually.

³¹And thou shalt make the robe of the ephod all of blue.

³²And there shall be an hole in the top of it, in the midst thereof: it shall have a binding of woven work round about the hole of it, as it were the hole of an habergeon, that it be not rent.

³³And beneath upon the hem of it thou shalt make pomegranates of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, round about the hem thereof; and bells of gold between them round about:

³⁴A golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, upon the hem of the robe round about.

³⁵And it shall be upon Aaron to minister: and his sound shall be heard when he goeth in unto the holy place before the Lord, and when he cometh out, that he die not.

³⁶And thou shalt make a plate of pure gold, and grave upon it, like the engravings of a signet, Holiness To The Lord.

³⁷And thou shalt put it on a blue lace, that it may be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre it shall be.

³⁸And it shall be upon Aaron's forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the Lord.

³⁹And thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen, and thou shalt make the mitre of fine linen, and thou shalt make the girdle of needlework.

⁴⁰And for Aaron's sons thou shalt make coats, and thou shalt make for them girdles, and bonnets shalt thou make for them, for glory and for beauty.

⁴¹And thou shalt put them upon Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him; and shalt anoint them, and consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office.

⁴²And thou shalt make them linen breeches to cover their nakedness; from the loins even unto the thighs they shall reach:

⁴³And they shall be upon Aaron, and upon his sons, when they come in unto the tabernacle of the congregation, or when they come near unto the altar to minister in the holy place; that they bear not iniquity, and die: it shall be a statute for ever unto him and his seed after him.

English Standard Version (ESV)

New International Version (NIV)

Exodus 15:19-24:11

English Standard Version

Bitter Water Made Sweet

Bread from Heaven

Water from the Rock

Israel Defeats Amalek

Jethro's Advice

Israel at Mount Sinai

The Ten Commandments

Laws About Altars

Laws About Slaves

Laws About Restitution

Laws About Social Justice

Laws About the Sabbath and Festivals

Conquest of Canaan Promised

The Covenant Confirmed

Footnotes

Cross references

Exodus 15:19-24:11

New International Version

The Waters of Marah and Elim

Manna and Quail

Water From the Rock

The Amalekites Defeated

Jethro Visits Moses

At Mount Sinai

The Ten Commandments^(GL)

Idols and Altars

Hebrew Servants^(IJ)^(IK)

Personal Injuries

Protection of Property

Social Responsibility

Laws of Justice and Mercy

Sabbath Laws

The Three Annual Festivals

God’s Angel to Prepare the Way

The Covenant Confirmed

Footnotes

Cross references

Exodus 15:19-28:43

King James Version

More on the NIV

Exodus 15:19-24:11 English Standard Version

Bitter Water Made Sweet

Bread from Heaven

Water from the Rock

Israel Defeats Amalek

Jethro's Advice

Israel at Mount Sinai

The Ten Commandments

Laws About Altars

Laws About Slaves

Laws About Restitution

Laws About Social Justice

Laws About the Sabbath and Festivals

Conquest of Canaan Promised

The Covenant Confirmed

Footnotes

Cross references

Exodus 15:19-24:11 New International Version

The Waters of Marah and Elim

Manna and Quail

Water From the Rock

The Amalekites Defeated

Jethro Visits Moses

At Mount Sinai

The Ten Commandments(GL)

Idols and Altars

Hebrew Servants(IJ)(IK)

Personal Injuries

Protection of Property

Social Responsibility

Laws of Justice and Mercy

Sabbath Laws

The Three Annual Festivals

God’s Angel to Prepare the Way

The Covenant Confirmed

Footnotes

Cross references

Exodus 15:19-28:43 King James Version

More on the NIV

Exodus 15:19-24:11

English Standard Version

Exodus 15:19-24:11

New International Version

The Ten Commandments^(GL)

Hebrew Servants^(IJ)^(IK)

Exodus 15:19-28:43

King James Version