37 And the (A)people of Israel journeyed from (B)Rameses to Succoth, (C)about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children. 38 A (D)mixed multitude also went up with them, and very much livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for it was not leavened, because (E)they were thrust out of Egypt and (F)could not wait, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves.

40 The time that the people of Israel lived in Egypt was 430 years. 41 At the end of (G)430 years, on that very day, all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt. 42 It was a night of watching by the Lord, to bring them out of the land of Egypt; so this same night is a (H)night of watching kept to the Lord by all the people of Israel throughout their generations.

Institution of the Passover

43 And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner shall eat of it, 44 but every slave[a] that is (I)bought for money may eat of it after you have circumcised him. 45 (J)No foreigner or hired worker may eat of it. 46 It shall be eaten in one house; you shall not take any of the flesh outside the house, and (K)you shall not break any of its bones. 47 (L)All the congregation of Israel shall keep it. 48 (M)If a stranger shall sojourn with you and would keep the Passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised. Then he may come near and keep it; he (N)shall be as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person shall eat of it. 49 There shall be (O)one law for the native and for the (P)stranger who sojourns among you.”

50 All the people of Israel did just as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 And on that very day the (Q)Lord brought the people of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their (R)hosts.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 12:44 Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles (see Preface)

37 The Israelites journeyed from Rameses(A) to Sukkoth.(B) There were about six hundred thousand men(C) on foot, besides women and children. 38 Many other people(D) went up with them, and also large droves of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 With the dough the Israelites had brought from Egypt, they baked loaves of unleavened bread. The dough was without yeast because they had been driven out(E) of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for themselves.

40 Now the length of time the Israelite people lived in Egypt[a] was 430 years.(F) 41 At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the Lord’s divisions(G) left Egypt.(H) 42 Because the Lord kept vigil that night to bring them out of Egypt, on this night all the Israelites are to keep vigil to honor the Lord for the generations to come.(I)

Passover Restrictions

43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the regulations for the Passover meal:(J)

“No foreigner(K) may eat it. 44 Any slave you have bought may eat it after you have circumcised(L) him, 45 but a temporary resident or a hired worker(M) may not eat it.

46 “It must be eaten inside the house; take none of the meat outside the house. Do not break any of the bones.(N) 47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.

48 “A foreigner residing among you who wants to celebrate the Lord’s Passover must have all the males in his household circumcised; then he may take part like one born in the land.(O) No uncircumcised(P) male may eat it. 49 The same law applies both to the native-born and to the foreigner(Q) residing among you.”

50 All the Israelites did just what the Lord had commanded(R) Moses and Aaron. 51 And on that very day the Lord brought the Israelites out of Egypt(S) by their divisions.(T)

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 12:40 Masoretic Text; Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint Egypt and Canaan