Exode 5
La Bible du Semeur
Face au pharaon
Moïse et Aaron devant le pharaon
5 Après cela, Moïse et Aaron se rendirent auprès du pharaon et lui dirent : Voici ce que dit l’Eternel, le Dieu d’Israël : « Laisse aller mon peuple pour qu’il célèbre une fête en mon honneur dans le désert. »
2 Le pharaon répondit : Qui est l’Eternel, pour que je lui obéisse en laissant partir d’ici les Israélites ? Je ne le connais pas, aussi ne les laisserai-je pas partir.
3 Ils reprirent : Le Dieu des Hébreux nous est apparu. Permets-nous donc d’aller à trois journées de marche dans le désert[a] pour offrir des sacrifices à l’Eternel, notre Dieu, pour qu’il ne nous frappe pas par une épidémie ou par la guerre.
4 Mais le pharaon leur répliqua : Moïse et Aaron, pourquoi détournez-vous le peuple de ses travaux ? Retournez à vos corvées ! 5 Il ajouta : Ces gens sont maintenant très nombreux dans le pays. Et vous voudriez leur faire interrompre leurs corvées !
L’oppression se fait encore plus dure
6 Ce même jour, le pharaon donna aux chefs de corvées et aux surveillants[b] du peuple l’ordre suivant : 7 Vous ne fournirez plus de paille aux gens de ce peuple pour confectionner des briques, comme on l’a fait jusqu’ici ; ils iront eux-mêmes ramasser la paille nécessaire[c]. 8 Vous exigerez d’eux la même quantité de briques qu’auparavant, pas une de moins, car ce sont des fainéants ; c’est pour cela qu’ils crient : Allons offrir des sacrifices à notre Dieu. 9 Ecrasez-les de travaux, qu’ils aient de quoi s’occuper, et ils ne prêteront plus attention à des paroles mensongères.
10 Les chefs de corvées et les surveillants sortirent et allèrent informer le peuple en disant : Le pharaon a déclaré qu’il ne vous fournira plus de paille. 11 Allez donc vous-mêmes vous en procurer là où vous en trouverez ! Et la production qui vous est imposée n’en sera pas réduite pour autant.
12 Le peuple se répandit dans tout le pays pour ramasser du chaume en guise de paille. 13 Les chefs de corvées les harcelaient : Finissez la quantité exigée pour chaque jour, comme lorsque la paille vous était fournie !
14 Et les chefs de corvées du pharaon se mirent à frapper les surveillants des Israélites qu’ils avaient établis sur eux en leur demandant : Pourquoi n’avez-vous pas fourni ces jours-ci la même quantité de briques qu’auparavant ?
15 Les surveillants des Israélites allèrent se plaindre au pharaon et lui demandèrent : Pourquoi agis-tu ainsi envers tes serviteurs ? 16 On ne fournit plus de paille à tes serviteurs et on nous dit : « Faites des briques ! » A présent, tes serviteurs sont battus. Ce que font tes gens est injuste !
17 Le pharaon répliqua : Vous êtes des fainéants, oui, des fainéants ! Voilà pourquoi vous dites : « Allons offrir des sacrifices à l’Eternel. » 18 Maintenant : Allez travailler ! On ne vous fournira plus de paille, mais vous livrerez la quantité de briques qui vous a été imposée.
19 Les surveillants des Israélites se virent dans une très mauvaise situation puisqu’on refusait de leur réduire la quantité de briques à livrer chaque jour. 20 En sortant de chez le pharaon, ils s’en prirent à Moïse et Aaron qui les attendaient, 21 et ils leur dirent : Que l’Eternel constate ce que vous avez fait et en soit juge ! A cause de vous, le pharaon et ses gens ne peuvent plus nous supporter. Vous leur avez mis l’épée en mains pour nous tuer !
22 Alors Moïse se tourna vers l’Eternel et lui dit : O Seigneur ! Pourquoi fais-tu du mal à ce peuple ? Pourquoi donc m’as-tu envoyé ici ? 23 Depuis que je suis venu trouver le pharaon pour lui parler en ton nom, il a maltraité ce peuple, et toi tu n’as rien fait pour délivrer ton peuple !
Footnotes
- 5.3 Voir 3.18. La raison pour aller sacrifier loin des Egyptiens est donnée en 8.22.
- 5.6 Les premiers sont des Egyptiens (même mot qu’oppresseurs en 3.7), les seconds des Israélites (contremaîtres, grec : scribes) chargés de rendre compte du travail fourni.
- 5.7 Les briques étaient seulement séchées au soleil, la paille augmentait leur solidité. Lors de la moisson, on coupait seulement les épis ; la paille restait sur pied.
Exodus 5
English Standard Version
Making Bricks Without Straw
5 Afterward Moses and Aaron went and said to Pharaoh, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, ‘Let my people go, that they may hold (A)a feast to me in the wilderness.’” 2 But Pharaoh said, (B)“Who is the Lord, that I should obey his voice and let Israel go? I do not know the Lord, and moreover, (C)I will not let Israel go.” 3 Then they said, “The (D)God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go a three days' journey into the wilderness that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God, lest he fall upon us with pestilence or with the sword.” 4 But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you take the people away from their work? Get back to your (E)burdens.” 5 And Pharaoh said, “Behold, (F)the people of the land are now many,[a] and you make them rest from their burdens!” 6 The same day Pharaoh commanded the (G)taskmasters of the people and their (H)foremen, 7 “You shall no longer give the people straw to make bricks, as in the past; let them go and gather straw for themselves. 8 But the number of bricks that they made in the past you shall impose on them, you shall by no means reduce it, for they are idle. Therefore they cry, ‘Let us go and offer sacrifice to our God.’ 9 Let heavier work be laid on the men that they may labor at it and pay no regard to lying words.”
10 So the (I)taskmasters and the foremen of the people went out and said to the people, “Thus says Pharaoh, ‘I will not give you straw. 11 Go and get your straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but your work will not be reduced in the least.’” 12 So the people were scattered throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw. 13 The (J)taskmasters were urgent, saying, “Complete your work, your daily task each day, as when there was straw.” 14 And the foremen of the people of Israel, whom Pharaoh's (K)taskmasters had set over them, were beaten and were asked, “Why have you not done all your task of making bricks today and yesterday, as in the past?”
15 Then the foremen of the people of Israel came and cried to Pharaoh, “Why do you treat your servants like this? 16 No straw is given to your servants, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!’ And behold, your servants are beaten; but the fault is in your own people.” 17 But he said, “You are idle, you are idle; that is why you say, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.’ 18 Go now and work. No straw will be given you, but you must still deliver the same number of bricks.” 19 The foremen of the people of Israel saw that they were in trouble when they said, “You shall by no means reduce your number of bricks, your daily task each day.” 20 They met Moses and Aaron, who were waiting for them, as they came out from Pharaoh; 21 and (L)they said to them, “The Lord look on you and judge, because you have made us stink in the sight of Pharaoh and his servants, and have put a sword in their hand to kill us.”
22 Then Moses turned to the Lord and said, “O Lord, why have you done evil to this people? Why did you ever send me? 23 For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has done evil to this people, and you have not delivered your people at all.”
Footnotes
- Exodus 5:5 Samaritan they are now more numerous than the people of the land
Exodus 5
New International Version
Bricks Without Straw
5 Afterward Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘Let my people go,(A) so that they may hold a festival(B) to me in the wilderness.’”
2 Pharaoh said, “Who is the Lord,(C) that I should obey him and let Israel go? I do not know the Lord and I will not let Israel go.”(D)
3 Then they said, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Now let us take a three-day journey(E) into the wilderness to offer sacrifices to the Lord our God, or he may strike us with plagues(F) or with the sword.”
4 But the king of Egypt said, “Moses and Aaron, why are you taking the people away from their labor?(G) Get back to your work!” 5 Then Pharaoh said, “Look, the people of the land are now numerous,(H) and you are stopping them from working.”
6 That same day Pharaoh gave this order to the slave drivers(I) and overseers in charge of the people: 7 “You are no longer to supply the people with straw for making bricks;(J) let them go and gather their own straw. 8 But require them to make the same number of bricks as before; don’t reduce the quota.(K) They are lazy;(L) that is why they are crying out, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’(M) 9 Make the work harder for the people so that they keep working and pay no attention to lies.”
10 Then the slave drivers(N) and the overseers went out and said to the people, “This is what Pharaoh says: ‘I will not give you any more straw. 11 Go and get your own straw wherever you can find it, but your work will not be reduced(O) at all.’” 12 So the people scattered all over Egypt to gather stubble to use for straw. 13 The slave drivers kept pressing them, saying, “Complete the work required of you for each day, just as when you had straw.” 14 And Pharaoh’s slave drivers beat the Israelite overseers they had appointed,(P) demanding, “Why haven’t you met your quota of bricks yesterday or today, as before?”
15 Then the Israelite overseers went and appealed to Pharaoh: “Why have you treated your servants this way? 16 Your servants are given no straw, yet we are told, ‘Make bricks!’ Your servants are being beaten, but the fault is with your own people.”
17 Pharaoh said, “Lazy, that’s what you are—lazy!(Q) That is why you keep saying, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.’ 18 Now get to work.(R) You will not be given any straw, yet you must produce your full quota of bricks.”
19 The Israelite overseers realized they were in trouble when they were told, “You are not to reduce the number of bricks required of you for each day.” 20 When they left Pharaoh, they found Moses and Aaron waiting to meet them, 21 and they said, “May the Lord look on you and judge(S) you! You have made us obnoxious(T) to Pharaoh and his officials and have put a sword(U) in their hand to kill us.”(V)
God Promises Deliverance
22 Moses returned to the Lord and said, “Why, Lord, why have you brought trouble on this people?(W) Is this why you sent me? 23 Ever since I went to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has brought trouble on this people, and you have not rescued(X) your people at all.”
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