Exode 18
La Bible du Semeur
La visite de Jéthro
18 Jéthro, prêtre de Madian et beau-père de Moïse, apprit tout ce que Dieu avait fait en faveur de Moïse et d’Israël son peuple, il apprit comment Dieu avait fait sortir les Israélites d’Egypte. 2 Alors il emmena Séphora[a], la femme de Moïse, que celui-ci avait précédemment laissé repartir chez elle, 3 ainsi que les deux fils de Séphora. L’aîné s’appelait Guershom (Emigré en ces lieux) parce que Moïse avait dit : « Je suis un émigré dans une terre étrangère ». 4 Il avait nommé le cadet Eliézer (Mon Dieu me secourt) en disant : « Le Dieu de mon père m’a secouru et m’a délivré de l’épée du pharaon. »
5 Jéthro se rendit donc auprès de Moïse, dans le désert, avec la femme et les fils de Moïse, près de la montagne de Dieu où Moïse avait dressé son camp. 6 Il lui fit annoncer : Moi, Jéthro, ton beau-père, je viens te rendre visite avec ta femme et tes deux fils.
7 Moïse sortit à la rencontre de son beau-père, se prosterna devant lui et l’embrassa. Ils prirent réciproquement de leurs nouvelles, puis entrèrent sous la tente. 8 Moïse raconta à son beau-père tout ce que l’Eternel avait fait au pharaon et aux Egyptiens pour délivrer Israël ; il lui parla aussi de toutes les difficultés qu’ils avaient rencontrées en chemin, et lui dit comment l’Eternel les en avait délivrés. 9 Jéthro se réjouit de tout le bien que l’Eternel avait fait à Israël qu’il avait délivré des Egyptiens.
10 – Loué soit l’Eternel, s’écria-t-il, qui vous a délivrés des Egyptiens et du pharaon, qui a libéré le peuple de la domination des Egyptiens. 11 A présent, je reconnais que l’Eternel est plus grand que tous les dieux, car il l’a montré alors qu’on tyrannisait les Israélites.
12 Puis Jéthro, beau-père de Moïse, offrit à Dieu un holocauste et des sacrifices. Aaron et tous les responsables d’Israël vinrent partager le repas sacré avec le beau-père de Moïse en présence de Dieu.
Le conseil de Jéthro
13 Le lendemain, Moïse siégea pour rendre justice au peuple. Du matin au soir, les gens se tinrent devant lui. 14 Lorsque le beau-père de Moïse vit toute la peine que celui-ci se donnait pour le peuple, il lui dit : Pourquoi agis-tu de cette façon pour traiter les affaires du peuple ? Pourquoi sièges-tu seul et pourquoi tout ce monde attend-il debout du matin au soir pour se présenter devant toi ?
15 Moïse lui répondit : C’est que les gens viennent me trouver pour consulter Dieu. 16 Lorsqu’ils ont un différend, ils viennent à moi, et je sers d’arbitre entre les parties ; je leur fais connaître les ordonnances et les lois de Dieu.
17 Le beau-père de Moïse lui dit : Ta façon de faire n’est pas bonne. 18 Tu finiras, à coup sûr, par t’épuiser – toi et le peuple qui est avec toi – car la tâche dépasse tes forces. Tu ne peux pas l’accomplir seul. 19 Maintenant écoute le conseil que je vais te donner, et que Dieu te vienne en aide. Ton rôle est de représenter le peuple auprès de Dieu et de porter les litiges devant lui. 20 Tu dois aussi leur communiquer ses ordonnances et ses lois, leur enseigner la voie à suivre et la conduite à tenir. 21 Pour le reste, choisis parmi le peuple des hommes de valeur, qui craignent Dieu, respectueux de la vérité, incorruptibles ; tu les placeras à la tête du peuple comme chefs de « milliers », chefs de « centaines », chefs de « cinquantaines » et chefs de « dizaines ». 22 Ils seront en tout temps à la disposition du peuple pour juger les affaires ordinaires et ils ne porteront devant toi que les affaires importantes, mais ils jugeront eux-mêmes les cas faciles à régler. Allège ainsi ta charge ! Qu’ils la portent avec toi ! 23 Si tu agis comme je te le conseille et que Dieu te dirige, tu pourras tenir bon et tous ces gens arriveront chez eux dans de bonnes conditions.
24 Moïse suivit le conseil de son beau-père et fit tout ce que celui-ci lui avait suggéré. 25 Il choisit dans tout Israël des hommes capables et les plaça à la tête du peuple comme chefs de « milliers », de « centaines », de « cinquantaines » et de « dizaines ». 26 Ils étaient constamment à la disposition du peuple pour rendre la justice, réglant eux-mêmes les cas faciles et portant devant Moïse les affaires difficiles. 27 Moïse prit congé de son beau-père qui reprit le chemin de son pays.
Exodus 18
Revised Geneva Translation
18 When Jethro, the Priest of Midian, Moses’ father-in-law, heard all that God had done for Moses and for Israel, His people (how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt),
2 then, Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses, took Zipporah, Moses’ wife, (after he had sent her away)
3 and her two sons, one of whom was called Gershom (for he said, ‘I have been an alien in a strange land’);
4 and the name of the other was Eliezer (for he said, ‘The God of my father was my help and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh’).
5 And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, came into the wilderness, to Moses and his two sons and his wife, where he camped by the Mount of God.
6 And he said to Moses, “I, your father-in-law, Jethro, have come to you and your wife and her two sons with her.”
7 And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed down, and kissed him. And each asked the other of his welfare. And they came into the tent.
8 Then Moses told his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians, for Israel’s sake, all the hardship that had come to them on the way, and how the LORD delivered them.
9 And Jethro rejoiced at all the goodness which the LORD had shown to Israel, because He had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.
10 Therefore, Jethro said, “Blessed be the LORD, Who has delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh; Who has delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.
11 “Now I know that the LORD is greater than all the gods. For they had dealt proudly with them.”
12 Then, Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took burnt offerings and sacrifices to God. And Aaron, and all the elders of Israel, came to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God.
13 Now, the next day, when Moses sat to judge the people, the people stood around Moses from morning to evening.
14 And when Moses’ father-in-law saw all that he did for the people, he said, “What is this that you do for the people? Why do you sit by yourself, and all the people stand around you from morning to evening?”
15 And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to seek God.
16 “When they have a matter, they come to me; and I judge between one and another and declare the ordinances of God and His laws.”
17 But Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing which you do is not good.
18 “You greatly weary both yourself and these people who are with you. For the thing is too heavy for you. You are not able to do it by yourself.
19 “Now, hear my voice. I will give you counsel; and God shall be with you. Represent the people before God, and report disputes to God,
20 “and warn them of the ordinances, and of the laws. And show them the way in which they must walk, and the work that they must do.
21 “Moreover, provide men of courage among all the people, men who fear God, dealing truly, hating covetousness. And appoint over them rulers over thousands, rulers over hundreds, rulers over fifties, and rulers over tens.
22 “And let them judge the people in all seasons. But, let them bring every great matter to you. And let them judge all small causes. So, it shall be easier for you when they shall bear the burden with you.
23 “If you do this thing, and God so commands you, you shall be able to endure and all these people shall also go quietly to their place.”
24 So, Moses obeyed the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said.
25 And Moses chose men of courage out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers over thousands, rulers over hundreds, rulers over fifties, and rulers over tens.
26 And they judged the people in all seasons; and they brought the hard causes to Moses. For they judged all small matters themselves.
27 Afterward, Moses let his father-in-law depart; and he went into his country.
Exodus 18
King James Version
18 When Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father in law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, and that the Lord had brought Israel out of Egypt;
2 Then Jethro, Moses' father in law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her back,
3 And her two sons; of which the name of the one was Gershom; for he said, I have been an alien in a strange land:
4 And the name of the other was Eliezer; for the God of my father, said he, was mine help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh:
5 And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mount of God:
6 And he said unto Moses, I thy father in law Jethro am come unto thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.
7 And Moses went out to meet his father in law, and did obeisance, and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent.
8 And Moses told his father in law all that the Lord had done unto Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, and all the travail that had come upon them by the way, and how the Lord delivered them.
9 And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which the Lord had done to Israel, whom he had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians.
10 And Jethro said, Blessed be the Lord, who hath delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh, who hath delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.
11 Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods: for in the thing wherein they dealt proudly he was above them.
12 And Jethro, Moses' father in law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God: and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father in law before God.
13 And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.
14 And when Moses' father in law saw all that he did to the people, he said, What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning unto even?
15 And Moses said unto his father in law, Because the people come unto me to enquire of God:
16 When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes of God, and his laws.
17 And Moses' father in law said unto him, The thing that thou doest is not good.
18 Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone.
19 Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward, that thou mayest bring the causes unto God:
20 And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.
21 Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:
22 And let them judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with thee.
23 If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.
24 So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father in law, and did all that he had said.
25 And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.
26 And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.
27 And Moses let his father in law depart; and he went his way into his own land.
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