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22 But the magicians of Egypt did the same[a] by their secret arts, and so[b] Pharaoh’s heart remained hard,[c] and he refused to listen to Moses and Aaron[d]—just as the Lord had predicted.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 7:22 tn Heb “thus, so.”
  2. Exodus 7:22 tn The vav consecutive on the preterite introduces the outcome or result of the matter—Pharaoh was hardened.
  3. Exodus 7:22 tn Heb “and the heart of Pharaoh became hard.” This phrase translates the Hebrew word חָזַק (khazaq; see S. R. Driver, Exodus, 53). In context this represents the continuation of a prior condition.
  4. Exodus 7:22 tn Heb “to them”; the referents (Moses and Aaron) have been specified in the translation for clarity.