Haman’s Plan to Kill the Jews

After all this took place, King Ahasuerus honored Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite.(A) He promoted him in rank and gave him a higher position than all the other officials.(B) The entire royal staff at the King’s Gate(C) bowed down and paid homage to Haman, because the king had commanded this to be done for him. But Mordecai would not bow down or pay homage.(D) The members of the royal staff at the King’s Gate asked Mordecai, “Why are you disobeying the king’s command?” When they had warned him day after day(E) and he still would not listen to them, they told Haman to see if Mordecai’s actions would be tolerated, since he had told them he was a Jew.

When Haman saw that Mordecai was not bowing down or paying him homage, he was filled with rage.(F) And when he learned of Mordecai’s ethnic identity, Haman decided not to do away with[a] Mordecai alone. He planned to destroy all of Mordecai’s people, the Jews,(G) throughout Ahasuerus’s kingdom.(H)

In the first month, the month of Nisan,[b] in King Ahasuerus’s twelfth year,[c](I) Pur (that is, the lot) was cast before Haman for each day in each month, and it fell on the twelfth month,(J) the month Adar.[d](K) Then Haman informed King Ahasuerus, “There is one ethnic group, scattered throughout the peoples in every province of your kingdom,(L) yet living in isolation. Their laws are different from everyone else’s and they do not obey the king’s laws.(M) It is not in the king’s best interest to tolerate them.(N) If the king approves, let an order be drawn up authorizing their destruction, and I will pay 375 tons of silver to[e] the accountants for deposit in the royal treasury.”(O)

10 The king removed his signet ring(P) from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jewish people.(Q) 11 Then the king told Haman, “The money and people are given to you to do with as you see fit.”

12 The royal scribes were summoned(R) on the thirteenth day of the first month, and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded. It was intended for the royal satraps,(S) the governors of each of the provinces, and the officials of each ethnic group and written for each province in its own script and to each ethnic group in its own language.(T) It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus(U) and sealed with the royal signet ring.(V) 13 Letters were sent by couriers(W) to each of the royal provinces telling the officials to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jewish people—young and old, women and children—and plunder their possessions on a single day,(X) the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month.[f]

14 A copy of the text, issued as law throughout every province, was distributed to all the peoples so that they might get ready for that day. 15 The couriers left, spurred on by royal command, and the law was issued in the fortress of Susa.(Y) The king and Haman sat down to drink, while the city of Susa was in confusion.(Z)

Footnotes

  1. Esther 3:6 Lit to stretch out a hand against
  2. Esther 3:7 = March–April; called Abib in the pre-exilic period; Ex 13:4; Dt 16:1
  3. Esther 3:7 474 b.c.
  4. Esther 3:7 = February–March
  5. Esther 3:9 Lit will weigh 10,000 silver talents on the hands of
  6. Esther 3:13 LXX adds the text of Ahasuerus’s letter here.

Haman’s Plot to Destroy the Jews

After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,(A) elevating him and giving him a seat of honor higher than that of all the other nobles. All the royal officials at the king’s gate knelt down and paid honor to Haman, for the king had commanded this concerning him. But Mordecai would not kneel down or pay him honor.

Then the royal officials at the king’s gate asked Mordecai, “Why do you disobey the king’s command?”(B) Day after day they spoke to him but he refused to comply.(C) Therefore they told Haman about it to see whether Mordecai’s behavior would be tolerated, for he had told them he was a Jew.

When Haman saw that Mordecai would not kneel down or pay him honor, he was enraged.(D) Yet having learned who Mordecai’s people were, he scorned the idea of killing only Mordecai. Instead Haman looked for a way(E) to destroy(F) all Mordecai’s people, the Jews,(G) throughout the whole kingdom of Xerxes.

In the twelfth year of King Xerxes, in the first month, the month of Nisan, the pur(H) (that is, the lot(I)) was cast in the presence of Haman to select a day and month. And the lot fell on[a] the twelfth month, the month of Adar.(J)

Then Haman said to King Xerxes, “There is a certain people dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom who keep themselves separate. Their customs(K) are different from those of all other people, and they do not obey(L) the king’s laws; it is not in the king’s best interest to tolerate them.(M) If it pleases the king, let a decree be issued to destroy them, and I will give ten thousand talents[b] of silver to the king’s administrators for the royal treasury.”(N)

10 So the king took his signet ring(O) from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews. 11 “Keep the money,” the king said to Haman, “and do with the people as you please.”

12 Then on the thirteenth day of the first month the royal secretaries were summoned. They wrote out in the script of each province and in the language(P) of each people all Haman’s orders to the king’s satraps, the governors of the various provinces and the nobles of the various peoples. These were written in the name of King Xerxes himself and sealed(Q) with his own ring. 13 Dispatches were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces with the order to destroy, kill and annihilate all the Jews(R)—young and old, women and children—on a single day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar,(S) and to plunder(T) their goods. 14 A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued as law in every province and made known to the people of every nationality so they would be ready for that day.(U)

15 The couriers went out, spurred on by the king’s command, and the edict was issued in the citadel of Susa.(V) The king and Haman sat down to drink,(W) but the city of Susa was bewildered.(X)

Footnotes

  1. Esther 3:7 Septuagint; Hebrew does not have And the lot fell on.
  2. Esther 3:9 That is, about 375 tons or about 340 metric tons

En tid härefter upphöjde konung Ahasveros agagiten Haman, Hammedatas son, till hög värdighet och gav honom främsta platsen bland alla de furstar som voro hos honom.

Och alla konungens tjänare som voro i konungens port böjde knä och föllo ned för Haman, ty så hade konungen bjudit om honom. Men Mordokai böjde icke knä och föll icke ned för honom.

Då sade konungens tjänare som voro i konungens port till Mordokai: »Varför överträder du konungens bud?»

Och när de dag efter dag hade sagt så till honom, utan att han lyssnade till dem, berättade de det för Haman, för att se om Mordokais förklaring skulle få gälla: ty han hade berättat för dem att han var en jude.

När nu Haman såg att Mordokai icke böjde knä eller föll ned för honom, uppfylldes han med vrede.

Men det syntes honom för ringa att bära hand allenast på Mordokai, sedan man berättat för honom av vilket folk Mordokai var, utan Haman sökte tillfälle att utrota alla judar som funnos i Ahasveros' hela rike, därför att de voro Mordokais landsmän.

I första månaden, det är månaden Nisan, i Ahasveros' tolfte regeringsår, kastades pur, det är lott, inför Haman om var särskild dag och var särskild månad intill tolfte månaden, det är månaden Adar.

Och Haman sade till konung Ahasveros: »Här finnes ett folk som bor kringspritt och förstrött bland de andra folken i ditt rikes alla hövdingdömen. Deras lagar äro olika alla andra folks, och de göra icke efter konungens lagar; därför är det icke konungen värdigt att låta dem vara.

Om det så täckes konungen, må fördenskull en skrivelse utfärdas, att man skall förgöra dem. Tio tusen talenter silver skall jag då kunna väga upp åt tjänstemännen till att läggas in i konungens skattkamrar.»

10 Då tog konungen ringen av sin hand och gav den åt agagiten Haman, Hammedatas son, judarnas ovän.

11 Därefter sade konungen till Haman: »Silvret vare dig skänkt, och med folket må du göra såsom du finner för gott.»

12 Så blevo då konungens sekreterare tillkallade på trettonde dagen i första månaden, och en skrivelse, alldeles sådan som Haman ville, utfärdades till konungens satraper och till ståthållarna över de särskilda hövdingdömena och till furstarna över de särskilda folken, till vart hövdingdöme med dess skrift och till vart folk på dess tungomål. I konung Ahasveros' namn utfärdades skrivelsen, och den beseglades med konungens ring.

13 Sedan kringsändes med ilbud brev till alla konungens hövdingdömen, att man skulle utrota, dräpa och förgöra judarna, både unga och gamla, både barn och kvinnor, alla på en och samma dag, nämligen på trettonde dagen i tolfte månaden, det är månaden Adar, varvid ock deras ägodelar såsom byte skulle givas till plundring.

14 I skrivelsen stod att i vart särskilt hövdingdöme ett påbud, öppet för alla folk, skulle utfärdas, som innehöll att de skulle vara redo den dagen.

15 Och på grund av konungens befallning drogo ilbuden med hast åstad, så snart påbudet hade blivit utfärdat i Susans borg. Men konungen och Haman satte sig ned till att dricka, under det att bestörtning rådde i staden Susan.