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Haman Conspires to Destroy the Jews

Some time later[a] King Ahasuerus promoted[b] Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, exalting him and setting his position[c] above that of all the officials who were with him.

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Footnotes

  1. Esther 3:1 tn Heb “after these things” (so KJV, ASV); NAB, NASB, NIV “After these events.”
  2. Esther 3:1 tn Heb “made great”; NAB “raised…to high rank”; NIV “honored.” sn The promotion of Haman in 3:1 for reasons unexplained contrasts noticeably with 2:19-23, where Mordecai’s contribution to saving the king’s life goes unnoticed. The irony is striking.
  3. Esther 3:1 tn Heb “chair”; KJV, NRSV “seat”; NASB “established his authority.”

Haman’s Plot to Destroy the Jews

After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,(A) elevating him and giving him a seat of honor higher than that of all the other nobles.

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10 So the king removed his signet ring[a] from his hand and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, who was hostile toward the Jews.

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Footnotes

  1. Esther 3:10 sn Possessing the king’s signet ring would enable Haman to act with full royal authority. The king’s ring would be used to impress the royal seal on edicts, making them as binding as if the king himself had enacted them.

10 So the king took his signet ring(A) from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.

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Then Esther again spoke with the king, falling at his feet. She wept and begged him for mercy, that he might nullify the evil of Haman the Agagite and the plot that he had intended against the Jews.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. Esther 8:3 sn As in 7:4 Esther avoids implicating the king in this plot. Instead Haman is given sole responsibility for the plan to destroy the Jews.

Esther again pleaded with the king, falling at his feet and weeping. She begged him to put an end to the evil plan of Haman the Agagite,(A) which he had devised against the Jews.

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She said, “If the king is so inclined, and if I have met with his approval, and if the matter is agreeable to the king, and if I am attractive to him, let an edict be written rescinding those recorded intentions of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,[a] which he wrote in order to destroy the Jews who are throughout all the king’s provinces.

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Footnotes

  1. Esther 8:5 tc The LXX does not include the expression “the Agagite.”

“If it pleases the king,” she said, “and if he regards me with favor(A) and thinks it the right thing to do, and if he is pleased with me, let an order be written overruling the dispatches that Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, devised and wrote to destroy the Jews in all the king’s provinces.

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24 For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised plans against the Jews to destroy them. He had cast pur (that is, the lot) in order to afflict and destroy them.

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24 For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,(A) the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the pur(B) (that is, the lot(C)) for their ruin and destruction.(D)

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