Esther 8
Hoffnung für Alle
König Xerxes hilft den Juden
8 Noch am selben Tag schenkte Xerxes Königin Esther das Haus, das Haman, der erbitterte Feind der Juden, bewohnt hatte. Der König ließ Mordechai zu sich kommen, denn Esther hatte ihm erzählt, dass er ihr Vetter und Pflegevater war. 2 Der König zog seinen Siegelring, den er Haman abgenommen hatte, vom Finger und gab ihn Mordechai. Esther setzte Mordechai zum Verwalter über Hamans Besitz ein.
3 Noch einmal bat Esther den König um eine Unterredung. Sie warf sich vor ihm nieder und flehte ihn unter Tränen an: »Verhindere den Anschlag, den Haman, der Nachkomme von Agag, gegen uns Juden geplant hat!« 4 Der König streckte Esther sein goldenes Zepter entgegen. Da stand sie auf, trat vor ihn hin 5 und sagte: »Wenn mir der König seine Gunst erweisen möchte und er meine Bitte für gut hält, dann möge er ein Schreiben aufsetzen und den Erlass widerrufen, den der Agagiter Haman, der Sohn von Hammedata, verfasst hat, um die Juden in allen Provinzen des Reiches zu vernichten. 6 Ich kann nicht mit ansehen, wie mein eigenes Volk ins Unglück stürzt und untergeht!«
7 Da sagte König Xerxes zu Esther und dem Juden Mordechai: »Ich habe Esther Hamans Haus geschenkt. Ihn habe ich an den Galgen hängen lassen, weil er die Juden umbringen wollte. 8 Doch ein Erlass lässt sich nicht mehr widerrufen, wenn er im Namen des Königs niedergeschrieben und mit seinem Siegel versehen wurde. Ihr könnt aber in meinem Namen und mit meinem Siegel einen weiteren Erlass herausgeben, um die Juden zu retten. Geht so vor, wie ihr es für gut haltet!«
9 Am 23. Tag des 3. Monats, des Monats Siwan, ließ Mordechai die Schreiber des Königs rufen. Sie mussten genau nach seiner Anweisung einen Erlass aufsetzen, der an die Juden im ganzen Reich gerichtet war, an die Fürsten und Statthalter sowie an die höchsten Beamten der 127 Provinzen von Indien bis Äthiopien. Jede Volksgruppe sollte das Schreiben in ihrer eigenen Schrift und Sprache erhalten, auch die Juden. 10 Mordechai ließ die Briefe im Namen des Königs verfassen und mit dem königlichen Siegel kennzeichnen. Boten sollten sie auf den schnellsten Pferden der königlichen Gestüte in alle Provinzen des Reiches bringen. Der Erlass lautete:
11 »Der König gestattet den Juden in jeder Stadt seines Reiches, sich zu ihrer Verteidigung zu versammeln. Wenn ihre Feinde aus den verschiedenen Volksgruppen und Provinzen ihnen nach dem Leben trachten, dürfen die Juden sie samt Frauen und Kindern töten und ihren Besitz als Beute behalten. 12 Dieser Erlass gilt für einen einzigen Tag in allen Provinzen, und zwar für den 13. Tag des 12. Monats, des Monats Adar.«
13 In jeder Provinz sollte die Anordnung als Gesetz erlassen und bekannt gemacht werden, damit die Juden vorbereitet waren und sich an ihren Feinden rächen konnten. 14 Der König befahl den Eilboten, auf den besten Pferden so schnell wie möglich loszureiten. Auch in der Residenz Susa wurde der Erlass veröffentlicht.
15 Mordechai verließ den Palast in einem königlichen Gewand, das violett und weiß gefärbt war, und in einem Mantel aus feinem weißen Leinen und purpurroter Wolle. Auf dem Kopf trug er eine große goldene Krone. Die Bewohner von Susa jubelten ihm zu. 16 Die Juden in der Stadt waren voller Freude über das Glück, das ihnen auf einmal zuteilwurde; sie konnten die Ehre und Anerkennung kaum fassen, die sie durch den Erlass des Königs bekamen. 17 Auch in allen Provinzen und in jeder Stadt, wo das neue Gesetz bekannt wurde, freuten sich die Juden und jubelten laut. Das Ereignis wurde mit einem Festmahl gefeiert. Die anderen Völker bekamen Angst vor den Juden; darum traten viele von ihnen zum Judentum über.
Esther 8
New English Translation
The King Acts to Protect the Jews
8 On that same day King Ahasuerus gave the estate[a] of Haman, that adversary of the Jews, to Queen Esther. Now Mordecai had come before the king, for Esther had revealed how he was related to her. 2 The king then removed his signet ring (the very one he had taken back from Haman) and gave it to Mordecai. And Esther designated Mordecai to be in charge of Haman’s estate.
3 Then Esther again spoke with the king, falling at his feet. She wept and begged him for mercy, that he might nullify the evil of Haman the Agagite and the plot that he had intended against the Jews.[b] 4 When the king extended to Esther the gold scepter, she[c] arose and stood before the king.
5 She said, “If the king is so inclined, and if I have met with his approval, and if the matter is agreeable to the king, and if I am attractive to him, let an edict be written rescinding those recorded intentions of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,[d] which he wrote in order to destroy the Jews who are throughout all the king’s provinces. 6 For how can I watch the calamity that will befall my people, and how can I watch the destruction of my relatives?”[e]
7 King Ahasuerus replied to Queen Esther and to Mordecai the Jew, “Look, I have already given Haman’s estate to Esther, and he has been hanged on the gallows because he took hostile action[f] against the Jews. 8 Now write in the king’s name whatever in your opinion is appropriate concerning the Jews and seal it with the king’s signet ring. Any decree that is written in the king’s name and sealed with the king’s signet ring cannot be rescinded.”
9 The king’s scribes were quickly[g] summoned—in the third month (that is, the month of Sivan), on the twenty-third day.[h] They wrote out[i] everything that Mordecai instructed to the Jews, and to the satraps, and the governors, and the officials of the provinces all the way from India to Ethiopia[j]—127 provinces in all—to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, and to the Jews according to their own script and their own language. 10 Mordecai[k] wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed it with the king’s signet ring. He then sent letters by couriers, who rode royal horses that were very swift.
11 The king thereby allowed the Jews who were in every city to assemble and to stand up for themselves—to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate any army of whatever people or province that should become their adversaries, including their women and children,[l] and to confiscate their property. 12 This was to take place on a certain day throughout all the provinces of King Ahasuerus—namely, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month (that is, the month of Adar). 13 A copy of the edict was to be presented as law throughout each and every province and made known to all peoples, so that the Jews might be prepared on that[m] day to avenge themselves on their enemies.
14 The couriers who were riding the royal horses went forth with the king’s edict without delay.[n] And the law was presented in Susa the citadel as well.
15 Now Mordecai went out from the king’s presence in blue and white royal attire, with a large golden crown and a purple linen mantle. The city of Susa shouted with joy.[o] 16 For the Jews there was radiant happiness and joyous honor.[p] 17 Throughout every province and throughout every city where the king’s edict and his law arrived, the Jews experienced happiness and joy, banquets and holidays. Many of the resident peoples[q] pretended to be Jews,[r] because the fear of the Jews had overcome them.[s]
Footnotes
- Esther 8:1 tn Heb “house” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV; also in vv. 2, 7). Cf. TEV “all the property.”
- Esther 8:3 sn As in 7:4 Esther avoids implicating the king in this plot. Instead Haman is given sole responsibility for the plan to destroy the Jews.
- Esther 8:4 tn Heb “Esther.” The pronoun (“she”) was used in the translation for stylistic reasons. A repetition of the proper name is redundant here in terms of contemporary English style.
- Esther 8:5 tc The LXX does not include the expression “the Agagite.”
- Esther 8:6 tn Heb “my kindred” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV); NAB “my race”; NIV “my family”; NLT “my people and my family.”
- Esther 8:7 tn Heb “sent forth his hand”; NAB, NIV “attacked”; NLT “tried to destroy.” Cf. 9:2.
- Esther 8:9 tn Heb “in that time”; NIV “At once.”
- Esther 8:9 sn Cf. 3:12. Two months and ten days have passed since Haman’s edict to wipe out the Jews.
- Esther 8:9 tn Heb “it was written”; this passive construction has been converted to an active one in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
- Esther 8:9 tn Heb “Cush” (so NIV), referring to the region of the upper Nile in Africa. Cf. KJV and most other English versions “Ethiopia.”
- Esther 8:10 tn Heb “He”; the referent (Mordecai) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Esther 8:11 tn Heb “children and women.” As in 3:13, the translation follows contemporary English idiom, which reverses the order.
- Esther 8:13 tn Heb “this” (so NASB); most English versions read “that” here for stylistic reasons.
- Esther 8:14 tn Heb “making haste and hurrying”; KJV, ASV “being hastened and pressed.”
- Esther 8:15 tn Heb “shouted and rejoiced.” The expression is a hendiadys (see the note on 5:10 for an explanation of this figure).
- Esther 8:16 tn Heb “light and gladness and joy and honor” (so NASB). The present translation understands the four terms to be a double hendiadys.
- Esther 8:17 tn Heb “peoples of the land” (so NASB); NIV “people of other nationalities”; NRSV “peoples of the country.”
- Esther 8:17 tn Heb “were becoming Jews”; NAB “embraced Judaism.” However, the Hitpael stem of the verb is sometimes used of a feigning action rather than a genuine one (see, e.g., 2 Sam 13:5, 6), which is the way the present translation understands the use of the word here (cf. NEB “professed themselves Jews”; NRSV “professed to be Jews”). This is the only occurrence of this verb in the Hebrew Bible, so there are no exact parallels. However, in the context of v. 17 the motivation of their conversion (Heb “the fear of the Jews had fallen upon them”) should not be overlooked. The LXX apparently understood the conversion described here to be genuine, since it adds the words “they were being circumcised and” before “they became Jews.”
- Esther 8:17 tn Heb “had fallen upon them” (so NRSV); NIV “had seized them.”
Esther 8
New International Version
The King’s Edict in Behalf of the Jews
8 That same day King Xerxes gave Queen Esther the estate of Haman,(A) the enemy of the Jews. And Mordecai came into the presence of the king, for Esther had told how he was related to her. 2 The king took off his signet ring,(B) which he had reclaimed from Haman, and presented it to Mordecai. And Esther appointed him over Haman’s estate.(C)
3 Esther again pleaded with the king, falling at his feet and weeping. She begged him to put an end to the evil plan of Haman the Agagite,(D) which he had devised against the Jews. 4 Then the king extended the gold scepter(E) to Esther and she arose and stood before him.
5 “If it pleases the king,” she said, “and if he regards me with favor(F) and thinks it the right thing to do, and if he is pleased with me, let an order be written overruling the dispatches that Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, devised and wrote to destroy the Jews in all the king’s provinces. 6 For how can I bear to see disaster fall on my people? How can I bear to see the destruction of my family?”(G)
7 King Xerxes replied to Queen Esther and to Mordecai the Jew, “Because Haman attacked the Jews, I have given his estate to Esther, and they have impaled(H) him on the pole he set up. 8 Now write another decree(I) in the king’s name in behalf of the Jews as seems best to you, and seal(J) it with the king’s signet ring(K)—for no document written in the king’s name and sealed with his ring can be revoked.”(L)
9 At once the royal secretaries were summoned—on the twenty-third day of the third month, the month of Sivan. They wrote out all Mordecai’s orders to the Jews, and to the satraps, governors and nobles of the 127 provinces stretching from India to Cush.[a](M) These orders were written in the script of each province and the language of each people and also to the Jews in their own script and language.(N) 10 Mordecai wrote in the name of King Xerxes, sealed the dispatches with the king’s signet ring, and sent them by mounted couriers, who rode fast horses especially bred for the king.
11 The king’s edict granted the Jews in every city the right to assemble and protect themselves; to destroy, kill and annihilate the armed men of any nationality or province who might attack them and their women and children,[b] and to plunder(O) the property of their enemies. 12 The day appointed for the Jews to do this in all the provinces of King Xerxes was the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar.(P) 13 A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued as law in every province and made known to the people of every nationality so that the Jews would be ready on that day(Q) to avenge themselves on their enemies.
14 The couriers, riding the royal horses, went out, spurred on by the king’s command, and the edict was issued in the citadel of Susa.(R)
The Triumph of the Jews
15 When Mordecai(S) left the king’s presence, he was wearing royal garments of blue and white, a large crown of gold(T) and a purple robe of fine linen.(U) And the city of Susa held a joyous celebration.(V) 16 For the Jews it was a time of happiness and joy,(W) gladness and honor.(X) 17 In every province and in every city to which the edict of the king came, there was joy(Y) and gladness among the Jews, with feasting and celebrating. And many people of other nationalities became Jews because fear(Z) of the Jews had seized them.(AA)
Footnotes
- Esther 8:9 That is, the upper Nile region
- Esther 8:11 Or province, together with their women and children, who might attack them;
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