Esodo 34
Conferenza Episcopale Italiana
L'alleanza rinnovata. Le tavole della legge
34 Poi il Signore disse a Mosè: «Taglia due tavole di pietra come le prime. Io scriverò su queste tavole le parole che erano sulle tavole di prima, che hai spezzate. 2 Tieniti pronto per domani mattina: domani mattina salirai sul monte Sinai e rimarrai lassù per me in cima al monte. 3 Nessuno salga con te, nessuno si trovi sulla cima del monte e lungo tutto il monte; neppure armenti o greggi vengano a pascolare davanti a questo monte».
4 Mosè tagliò due tavole di pietra come le prime; si alzò di buon mattino e salì sul monte Sinai, come il Signore gli aveva comandato, con le due tavole di pietra in mano.
Apparizione divina
5 Allora il Signore scese nella nube, si fermò là presso di lui e proclamò il nome del Signore. 6 Il Signore passò davanti a lui proclamando: «Il Signore, il Signore, Dio misericordioso e pietoso, lento all'ira e ricco di grazia e di fedeltà, 7 che conserva il suo favore per mille generazioni, che perdona la colpa, la trasgressione e il peccato, ma non lascia senza punizione, che castiga la colpa dei padri nei figli e nei figli dei figli fino alla terza e alla quarta generazione».
8 Mosè si curvò in fretta fino a terra e si prostrò. 9 Disse: «Se ho trovato grazia ai tuoi occhi, mio Signore, che il Signore cammini in mezzo a noi. Sì, è un popolo di dura cervice, ma tu perdona la nostra colpa e il nostro peccato: fà di noi la tua eredità».
L'alleanza
10 Il Signore disse: «Ecco io stabilisco un'alleanza: in presenza di tutto il tuo popolo io farò meraviglie, quali non furono mai compiute in nessun paese e in nessuna nazione: tutto il popolo in mezzo al quale ti trovi vedrà l'opera del Signore, perché terribile è quanto io sto per fare con te.
11 Osserva dunque ciò che io oggi ti comando. Ecco io scaccerò davanti a te l'Amorreo, il Cananeo, l'Hittita, il Perizzita, l'Eveo e il Gebuseo. 12 Guardati bene dal far alleanza con gli abitanti del paese nel quale stai per entrare, perché ciò non diventi una trappola in mezzo a te. 13 Anzi distruggerete i loro altari, spezzerete le loro stele e taglierete i loro pali sacri. 14 Tu non devi prostrarti ad altro Dio, perché il Signore si chiama Geloso: egli è un Dio geloso. 15 Non fare alleanza con gli abitanti di quel paese, altrimenti, quando si prostituiranno ai loro dei e faranno sacrifici ai loro dei, inviteranno anche te: tu allora mangeresti le loro vittime sacrificali. 16 Non prendere per mogli dei tuoi figli le loro figlie, altrimenti, quando esse si prostituiranno ai loro dei, indurrebbero anche i tuoi figli a prostituirsi ai loro dei.
17 Non ti farai un dio di metallo fuso.
18 Osserverai la festa degli azzimi. Per sette giorni mangerai pane azzimo, come ti ho comandato, nel tempo stabilito del mese di Abib; perché nel mese di Abib sei uscito dall'Egitto.
19 Ogni essere che nasce per primo dal seno materno è mio: ogni tuo capo di bestiame maschio, primogenito del bestiame grosso e minuto. 20 Il primogenito dell'asino riscatterai con un altro capo di bestiame e, se non lo vorrai riscattare, gli spaccherai la nuca. Ogni primogenito dei tuoi figli lo dovrai riscattare.
Nessuno venga davanti a me a mani vuote.
21 Per sei giorni lavorerai, ma nel settimo riposerai; dovrai riposare anche nel tempo dell'aratura e della mietitura.
22 Celebrerai anche la festa della settimana, la festa cioè delle primizie della mietitura del frumento e la festa del raccolto al volgere dell'anno.
23 Tre volte all'anno ogni tuo maschio compaia alla presenza del Signore Dio, Dio d'Israele. 24 Perché io scaccerò le nazioni davanti a te e allargherò i tuoi confini; così quando tu, tre volte all'anno, salirai per comparire alla presenza del Signore tuo Dio, nessuno potrà desiderare di invadere il tuo paese.
25 Non sacrificherai con pane lievitato il sangue della mia vittima sacrificale; la vittima sacrificale della festa di pasqua non dovrà rimanere fino alla mattina.
26 Porterai alla casa del Signore, tuo Dio, la primizia dei primi prodotti della tua terra.
Non cuocerai un capretto nel latte di sua madre».
27 Il Signore disse a Mosè: «Scrivi queste parole, perché sulla base di queste parole io ho stabilito un'alleanza con te e con Israele».
28 Mosè rimase con il Signore quaranta giorni e quaranta notti senza mangiar pane e senza bere acqua. Il Signore scrisse sulle tavole le parole dell'alleanza, le dieci parole.
Mosè ridiscende dal monte
29 Quando Mosè scese dal monte Sinai - le due tavole della Testimonianza si trovavano nelle mani di Mosè mentre egli scendeva dal monte - non sapeva che la pelle del suo viso era diventata raggiante, poiché aveva conversato con lui. 30 Ma Aronne e tutti gli Israeliti, vedendo che la pelle del suo viso era raggiante, ebbero timore di avvicinarsi a lui. 31 Mosè allora li chiamò e Aronne, con tutti i capi della comunità, andò da lui. Mosè parlò a loro. 32 Si avvicinarono dopo di loro tutti gli Israeliti ed egli ingiunse loro ciò che il Signore gli aveva ordinato sul monte Sinai. 33 Quando Mosè ebbe finito di parlare a loro, si pose un velo sul viso. 34 Quando entrava davanti al Signore per parlare con lui, Mosè si toglieva il velo, fin quando fosse uscito. Una volta uscito, riferiva agli Israeliti ciò che gli era stato ordinato. 35 Gli Israeliti, guardando in faccia Mosè, vedevano che la pelle del suo viso era raggiante. Poi egli si rimetteva il velo sul viso, fin quando fosse di nuovo entrato a parlare con lui.
Exodus 34
Douay-Rheims 1899 American Edition
34 And after this he said: Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the former, and I will write upon them the words which were in the tables, which thou brokest.
2 Be ready in the morning, that thou mayst forthwith go up into mount Sinai, and thou shalt stand with me upon the top of the mount.
3 Let no man go up with thee: and let not any man be seen throughout all the mount: neither let the oxen nor the sheep feed over against it.
4 Then he cut out two tables of stone, such as had been before: and rising very early he went up into the mount Sinai, as the Lord had commanded him, carrying with him the tables.
5 And when the Lord was come down in a cloud, Moses stood with him, calling upon the name of the Lord.
6 And when he passed before him, he said: O the Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious, patient and of much compassion, and true,
7 Who keepest mercy unto thousands: who takest away iniquity, and wickedness, and sin, and no man of himself is innocent before thee. Who renderest the iniquity of the fathers to the children, and to the grandchildren, unto the third and fourth generation.
8 And Moses making haste, bowed down prostrate unto the earth, and adoring,
9 Said: If I have found grace in thy sight: O Lord, I beseech thee, that thou wilt go with us, (for it is a stiffnecked people,) and take away our iniquities and sin, and possess us.
10 The Lord answered: I will make a covenant in the sight of all. I will do signs such as were never seen upon the earth, nor in any nation: that this people, in the midst of whom thou art, may see the terrible work of the Lord which I will do.
11 Observe all things which this day I command thee: I myself will drive out before thy face the Amorrhite, and the Chanaanite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite.
12 Beware thou never join in friendship with the inhabitants of that land, which may be thy ruin:
13 But destroy their altars, break their statues, and cut down their groves:
14 Adore not any strange god. The Lord his name is Jealous, he is a jealous God.
15 Make no covenant with the men of those countries lest, when they have committed fornication with their gods, and have adored their idols, some one call thee to eat of the things sacrificed.
16 Neither shalt thou take of their daughters a wife for thy son, lest after they themselves have committed fornication, they make thy sons also to commit fornication with their gods.
17 Thou shalt not make to thyself any molten gods.
18 Thou shalt keep the feast of the unleavened bread. Seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee in the time of the month of the new corn: for in the month of the springtime thou camest out from Egypt.
19 All of the male kind, that openeth the womb, shall be mine. Of all beasts, both of oxen and of sheep, it shall be mine.
20 The firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a sheep: but if thou wilt not give a price for it, it shall be slain. The firstborn of thy sons thou shalt redeem: neither shalt thou appear before me empty.
21 Six days shalt thou work, the seventh day thou shalt cease to plough, and to reap.
22 Thou shalt keep the feast of weeks with the firstfruits of the corn of thy wheat harvest, and the feast when the time of the year returneth that all things are laid in.
23 Three times in a year all thy males shall appear in the sight of the Almighty Lord the God of Israel.
24 For when I shall have taken away the nations from thy face, and shall have enlarged thy borders, no man shall lie in wait against thy land when thou shalt go up, and appear in the sight of the Lord thy God thrice in a year.
25 Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice upon leaven: neither shall there remain in the morning any thing of the victim of the solemnity of the Lord.
26 The first of the fruits of thy ground thou shalt offer in the house of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not boil a kid in the milk of his dam.
27 And the Lord said to Moses: Write these words by which I have made a covenant both with thee and with Israel.
28 And he was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights: he neither ate bread nor drank water, and he wrote upon the tables the ten words of the covenant.
29 And when Moses came down from the mount Sinai, he held the two tables of the testimony, and he knew not that his face was horned from the conversation of the Lord.
30 And Aaron and the children of Israel seeing the face of Moses horned, were afraid to come near.
31 And being called by him, they returned, both Aaron and the rulers of the congregation. And after that he spoke to them.
32 And all the children of Israel came to him: and he gave them in commandment all that he had heard of the Lord in mount Sinai.
33 And having done speaking, he put a veil upon his face.
34 But when he went in to the Lord, and spoke with him, he took it away until he came forth, and then he spoke to the children of Israel all things that had been commanded him.
35 And they saw that the face of Moses when he came out was horned, but he covered his face again, if at any time he spoke to them.
Exodus 34
New International Version
The New Stone Tablets
34 The Lord said to Moses, “Chisel out two stone tablets like the first ones,(A) and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets,(B) which you broke.(C) 2 Be ready in the morning, and then come up on Mount Sinai.(D) Present yourself to me there on top of the mountain. 3 No one is to come with you or be seen anywhere on the mountain;(E) not even the flocks and herds may graze in front of the mountain.”
4 So Moses chiseled(F) out two stone tablets like the first ones and went up Mount Sinai early in the morning, as the Lord had commanded him; and he carried the two stone tablets in his hands.(G) 5 Then the Lord came down in the cloud(H) and stood there with him and proclaimed his name, the Lord.(I) 6 And he passed in front of Moses, proclaiming, “The Lord, the Lord, the compassionate(J) and gracious God, slow to anger,(K) abounding in love(L) and faithfulness,(M) 7 maintaining love to thousands,(N) and forgiving wickedness, rebellion and sin.(O) Yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished;(P) he punishes the children and their children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation.”(Q)
8 Moses bowed to the ground at once and worshiped. 9 “Lord,” he said, “if I have found favor(R) in your eyes, then let the Lord go with us.(S) Although this is a stiff-necked(T) people, forgive our wickedness and our sin,(U) and take us as your inheritance.”(V)
10 Then the Lord said: “I am making a covenant(W) with you. Before all your people I will do wonders(X) never before done in any nation in all the world.(Y) The people you live among will see how awesome is the work that I, the Lord, will do for you. 11 Obey what I command(Z) you today. I will drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites.(AA) 12 Be careful not to make a treaty(AB) with those who live in the land where you are going, or they will be a snare(AC) among you. 13 Break down their altars, smash their sacred stones and cut down their Asherah poles.[a](AD) 14 Do not worship any other god,(AE) for the Lord, whose name(AF) is Jealous, is a jealous God.(AG)
15 “Be careful not to make a treaty(AH) with those who live in the land; for when they prostitute(AI) themselves to their gods and sacrifice to them, they will invite you and you will eat their sacrifices.(AJ) 16 And when you choose some of their daughters as wives(AK) for your sons and those daughters prostitute themselves to their gods,(AL) they will lead your sons to do the same.
17 “Do not make any idols.(AM)
18 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread.(AN) For seven days eat bread made without yeast,(AO) as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,(AP) for in that month you came out of Egypt.
19 “The first offspring(AQ) of every womb belongs to me, including all the firstborn males of your livestock, whether from herd or flock. 20 Redeem the firstborn donkey with a lamb, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck.(AR) Redeem all your firstborn sons.(AS)
“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.(AT)
21 “Six days you shall labor, but on the seventh day you shall rest;(AU) even during the plowing season and harvest(AV) you must rest.
22 “Celebrate the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits(AW) of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering(AX) at the turn of the year.[b] 23 Three times(AY) a year all your men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord, the God of Israel. 24 I will drive out nations(AZ) before you and enlarge your territory,(BA) and no one will covet your land when you go up three times each year to appear before the Lord your God.
25 “Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast,(BB) and do not let any of the sacrifice from the Passover Festival remain until morning.(BC)
26 “Bring the best of the firstfruits(BD) of your soil to the house of the Lord your God.
“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.”(BE)
27 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Write(BF) down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant(BG) with you and with Israel.” 28 Moses was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights(BH) without eating bread or drinking water.(BI) And he wrote on the tablets(BJ) the words of the covenant—the Ten Commandments.(BK)
The Radiant Face of Moses
29 When Moses came down from Mount Sinai(BL) with the two tablets of the covenant law in his hands,(BM) he was not aware that his face was radiant(BN) because he had spoken with the Lord. 30 When Aaron and all the Israelites saw Moses, his face was radiant, and they were afraid to come near him. 31 But Moses called to them; so Aaron and all the leaders of the community(BO) came back to him, and he spoke to them. 32 Afterward all the Israelites came near him, and he gave them all the commands(BP) the Lord had given him on Mount Sinai.
33 When Moses finished speaking to them, he put a veil(BQ) over his face. 34 But whenever he entered the Lord’s presence to speak with him, he removed the veil until he came out. And when he came out and told the Israelites what he had been commanded, 35 they saw that his face was radiant.(BR) Then Moses would put the veil back over his face until he went in to speak with the Lord.
Footnotes
- Exodus 34:13 That is, wooden symbols of the goddess Asherah
- Exodus 34:22 That is, in the autumn
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