Aceeaşi soartă pentru toţi

„M-am hotărât să înţeleg aceste lucruri şi am priceput că cei drepţi, cei înţelepţi şi lucrările lor se află în mâna lui Dumnezeu, chiar dacă omul nu ştie dacă îl aşteaptă dragoste sau ură. Totul este în viitor înaintea lui.[a] Pe toţi îi aşteaptă o singură soartă:

    pe cel drept ca şi pe cel nedrept,
pe cel bun ca şi pe cel rău,
pe cel curat[b] ca şi pe cel necurat,
    pe cel ce aduce jertfe ca şi pe cel ce nu aduce jertfe,
pe cel bun ca şi pe cel păcătos,
    pe cel ce face juruinţe ca şi pe cel ce se teme să le facă.

Acesta este cel mai mare rău care se face sub soare, şi anume că toţi au aceeaşi soartă. Mai mult, inima oamenilor se umple de răutate, iar prostia inimii lor nu-i părăseşte toată viaţa, deşi în cele din urmă ajung tot printre cei morţi, căci pentru[c] cel viu mai există speranţă, după cum mai de preţ este un câine viu, decât un leu mort.

Cei vii ştiu măcar că vor muri,
    pe când cei morţi nu mai ştiu nimic;
nu mai au parte de nici o plată;
    până şi pomenirea le este dată uitării,
la fel cum şi dragostea lor, ura lor şi
    gelozia lor au pierit demult!
Ei nu vor mai avea parte niciodată de nimic
    din tot ceea ce se face sub soare.

Mănâncă-ţi cu bucurie pâinea şi bea-ţi cu inimă veselă vinul, căci demult ţi-a acceptat Dumnezeu lucrările. Hainele să-ţi fie albe tot timpul, iar untdelemnul să nu-ţi lipsească de pe cap. Petrece-ţi viaţa cea trecătoare împreună cu soţia pe care o iubeşti, atâtea zile câte ţi-au fost date sub soare, toate zilele tale trecătoare, căci aceasta este partea ta în viaţă, aceasta-ţi este partea din toată osteneala pe care o depui sub soare. 10 Tot ceea ce mâna ta găseşte să facă, fă cu toată puterea ta, căci lucrare, chibzuinţă, cunoştinţă şi înţelepciune nu există în Locuinţa Morţilor[d], acolo unde vei merge şi tu de altfel.

11 Apoi m-am întors şi am văzut că, sub soare,

nu cei sprinteni câştigă alergarea
    şi nu cei puternici câştigă războiul;
nu cei înţelepţi au parte de pâine,
    nu cei iscusiţi îşi însuşesc bogăţii
şi nu cei cunoscători au parte de bunăvoinţă,
    ci toate ţin de vreme şi de împrejurări.

12 Omul nu-şi cunoaşte nici măcar ceasul morţii:

la fel cum sunt prinşi peştii în nada înşelătoare
    şi precum sunt prinse păsările în laţ,
tot aşa sunt traşi în capcană şi fiii oamenilor,
    atunci când vremea nenorocirii cade peste ei pe neaşteptate.

Înţelepciunea mai de preţ decât nebunia

13 Iată ce lucru înţelept am văzut sub soare şi mi s-a părut de mare preţ. 14 Exista o cetate mică, cu puţini locuitori în ea; împotriva ei a venit un rege puternic; a înconjurat-o şi a ridicat împotriva ei mari întărituri. 15 În ea s-a aflat însă un înţelept sărac, care a scăpat cetatea prin înţelepciunea lui. Dar nimeni nu şi-a mai adus aminte apoi de săracul acela. 16 Prin urmare, mi-am zis: «Înţelepciunea este mai bună decât tăria, dar înţelepciunea săracului este dispreţuită, iar cuvintele lui nu sunt ascultate.

17 Mai bine să asculţi cuvintele liniştite ale înţelepţilor,
    decât strigătele celui ce conduce printre nebuni!
18 Mai bună este înţelepciunea decât armele,
    dar un singur păcătos distruge mult bine!»“

Footnotes

  1. Eclesiastul 9:1 Sensul propoziţiei în ebraică este nesigur; sau: amândouă sunt înaintea lui
  2. Eclesiastul 9:2 Aquila, VUL, Siriacă; TM: pe cel bun şi curat,
  3. Eclesiastul 9:4 Sau: Cine oare este scutit? Pentru
  4. Eclesiastul 9:10 Ebr.: Şeol

For all this I considered in my heart even to declare all this, that the righteous, and the wise, and their works, are in the hand of God: no man knoweth either love or hatred by all that is before them.

All things come alike to all: there is one event to the righteous, and to the wicked; to the good and to the clean, and to the unclean; to him that sacrificeth, and to him that sacrificeth not: as is the good, so is the sinner; and he that sweareth, as he that feareth an oath.

This is an evil among all things that are done under the sun, that there is one event unto all: yea, also the heart of the sons of men is full of evil, and madness is in their heart while they live, and after that they go to the dead.

For to him that is joined to all the living there is hope: for a living dog is better than a dead lion.

For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know not any thing, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them is forgotten.

Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now perished; neither have they any more a portion for ever in any thing that is done under the sun.

Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with a merry heart; for God now accepteth thy works.

Let thy garments be always white; and let thy head lack no ointment.

Live joyfully with the wife whom thou lovest all the days of the life of thy vanity, which he hath given thee under the sun, all the days of thy vanity: for that is thy portion in this life, and in thy labour which thou takest under the sun.

10 Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the grave, whither thou goest.

11 I returned, and saw under the sun, that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet riches to men of understanding, nor yet favour to men of skill; but time and chance happeneth to them all.

12 For man also knoweth not his time: as the fishes that are taken in an evil net, and as the birds that are caught in the snare; so are the sons of men snared in an evil time, when it falleth suddenly upon them.

13 This wisdom have I seen also under the sun, and it seemed great unto me:

14 There was a little city, and few men within it; and there came a great king against it, and besieged it, and built great bulwarks against it:

15 Now there was found in it a poor wise man, and he by his wisdom delivered the city; yet no man remembered that same poor man.

16 Then said I, Wisdom is better than strength: nevertheless the poor man's wisdom is despised, and his words are not heard.

17 The words of wise men are heard in quiet more than the cry of him that ruleth among fools.

18 Wisdom is better than weapons of war: but one sinner destroyeth much good.

A Common Destiny for All

So I reflected on all this and concluded that the righteous and the wise and what they do are in God’s hands, but no one knows whether love or hate awaits them.(A) All share a common destiny—the righteous and the wicked, the good and the bad,[a] the clean and the unclean, those who offer sacrifices and those who do not.

As it is with the good,
    so with the sinful;
as it is with those who take oaths,
    so with those who are afraid to take them.(B)

This is the evil in everything that happens under the sun: The same destiny overtakes all.(C) The hearts of people, moreover, are full of evil and there is madness in their hearts while they live,(D) and afterward they join the dead.(E) Anyone who is among the living has hope[b]—even a live dog is better off than a dead lion!

For the living know that they will die,
    but the dead know nothing;(F)
they have no further reward,
    and even their name(G) is forgotten.(H)
Their love, their hate
    and their jealousy have long since vanished;
never again will they have a part
    in anything that happens under the sun.(I)

Go, eat your food with gladness, and drink your wine(J) with a joyful heart,(K) for God has already approved what you do. Always be clothed in white,(L) and always anoint your head with oil. Enjoy life with your wife,(M) whom you love, all the days of this meaningless life that God has given you under the sun—all your meaningless days. For this is your lot(N) in life and in your toilsome labor under the sun. 10 Whatever(O) your hand finds to do, do it with all your might,(P) for in the realm of the dead,(Q) where you are going, there is neither working nor planning nor knowledge nor wisdom.(R)

11 I have seen something else under the sun:

The race is not to the swift
    or the battle to the strong,(S)
nor does food come to the wise(T)
    or wealth to the brilliant
    or favor to the learned;
but time and chance(U) happen to them all.(V)

12 Moreover, no one knows when their hour will come:

As fish are caught in a cruel net,
    or birds are taken in a snare,
so people are trapped by evil times(W)
    that fall unexpectedly upon them.(X)

Wisdom Better Than Folly

13 I also saw under the sun this example of wisdom(Y) that greatly impressed me: 14 There was once a small city with only a few people in it. And a powerful king came against it, surrounded it and built huge siege works against it. 15 Now there lived in that city a man poor but wise, and he saved the city by his wisdom. But nobody remembered that poor man.(Z) 16 So I said, “Wisdom is better than strength.” But the poor man’s wisdom is despised, and his words are no longer heeded.(AA)

17 The quiet words of the wise are more to be heeded
    than the shouts of a ruler of fools.
18 Wisdom(AB) is better than weapons of war,
    but one sinner destroys much good.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 9:2 Septuagint (Aquila), Vulgate and Syriac; Hebrew does not have and the bad.
  2. Ecclesiastes 9:4 Or What then is to be chosen? With all who live, there is hope