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Surely extortion makes the wise man foolish; and a bribe destroys the understanding. Better is the end of a thing than its beginning.

The patient in spirit is better than the proud in spirit. Don’t be hasty in your spirit to be angry, for anger rests in the bosom of fools. 10 Don’t say, “Why were the former days better than these?” For you do not ask wisely about this.

11 Wisdom is as good as an inheritance. Yes, it is more excellent for those who see the sun. 12 For wisdom is a defense, even as money is a defense; but the excellency of knowledge is that wisdom preserves the life of him who has it.

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Surely oppression makes the wise foolish,
    and a bribe corrupts the heart.(A)
Better is the end of a thing than its beginning;
    the patient in spirit are better than the proud in spirit.(B)
Do not be quick to anger,
    for anger lodges in the bosom of fools.(C)
10 Do not say, “Why were the former days better than these?”
    For it is not from wisdom that you ask this.
11 Wisdom is as good as an inheritance,
    an advantage to those who see the sun.(D)
12 For the protection of wisdom is like the protection of money,
    and the advantage of knowledge is that wisdom gives life to the one who possesses it.

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19 Wisdom is a strength to the wise man more than ten rulers who are in a city. 20 Surely there is not a righteous man on earth who does good and doesn’t sin. 21 Also don’t take heed to all words that are spoken, lest you hear your servant curse you; 22 for often your own heart knows that you yourself have likewise cursed others. 23 All this I have proved in wisdom. I said, “I will be wise;” but it was far from me. 24 That which is, is far off and exceedingly deep. Who can find it out? 25 I turned around, and my heart sought to know and to search out, and to seek wisdom and the scheme of things, and to know that wickedness is stupidity, and that foolishness is madness.

26 I find more bitter than death the woman whose heart is snares and traps, whose hands are chains. Whoever pleases God shall escape from her; but the sinner will be ensnared by her.

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19 Wisdom gives strength to the wise more than ten rulers who are in a city.(A)

20 Surely there is no one on earth so righteous as to do good without ever sinning.(B)

21 Do not give heed to everything that people say, or you may hear your servant cursing you; 22 your heart knows that many times you have yourself cursed others.

23 All this I have tested by wisdom; I said, “I will be wise,” but it was far from me.(C) 24 That which is, is far off, and deep, very deep; who can find it out?(D) 25 I turned my mind to know and to search out and to seek wisdom and the sum of things and to know that wickedness is folly and that foolishness is madness.(E) 26 I found more bitter than death the woman who is a trap, whose heart is nets, whose hands are fetters; one who pleases God escapes her, but the sinner is taken by her.(F)

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10 Dead flies cause the oil of the perfumer to produce an evil odor;
    so does a little folly outweigh wisdom and honor.
A wise man’s heart is at his right hand,
but a fool’s heart at his left. Yes also when the fool walks by the way, his understanding fails him, and he says to everyone that he is a fool.     If the spirit of the ruler rises up against you, don’t leave your place; for gentleness lays great offenses to rest.

There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, the sort of error which proceeds from the ruler. Folly is set in great dignity, and the rich sit in a low place. I have seen servants on horses, and princes walking like servants on the earth. He who digs a pit may fall into it; and whoever breaks through a wall may be bitten by a snake. Whoever carves out stones may be injured by them. Whoever splits wood may be endangered by it. 10 If the ax is blunt, and one doesn’t sharpen the edge, then he must use more strength; but skill brings success.

11 If the snake bites before it is charmed, then is there no profit for the charmer’s tongue. 12 The words of a wise man’s mouth are gracious; but a fool is swallowed by his own lips. 13 The beginning of the words of his mouth is foolishness; and the end of his talk is mischievous madness. 14 A fool also multiplies words.

Man doesn’t know what will be; and that which will be after him, who can tell him? 15 The labor of fools wearies every one of them; for he doesn’t know how to go to the city.

16 Woe to you, land, when your king is a child,
    and your princes eat in the morning!
17 Happy are you, land, when your king is the son of nobles,
    and your princes eat in due season,
    for strength, and not for drunkenness!
18 By slothfulness the roof sinks in;
    and through idleness of the hands the house leaks.
19 A feast is made for laughter,
    and wine makes the life glad;
    and money is the answer for all things.
20 Don’t curse the king, no, not in your thoughts;
    and don’t curse the rich in your bedroom:
    for a bird of the sky may carry your voice,
    and that which has wings may tell the matter.

11 Cast your bread on the waters;

    for you shall find it after many days.
Give a portion to seven, yes, even to eight;
    for you don’t know what evil will be on the earth.
If the clouds are full of rain, they empty themselves on the earth;
    and if a tree falls toward the south, or toward the north,
    in the place where the tree falls, there shall it be.
He who observes the wind won’t sow;
    and he who regards the clouds won’t reap.
As you don’t know what is the way of the wind,
    nor how the bones grow in the womb of her who is with child;
    even so you don’t know the work of God who does all.
In the morning sow your seed,
    and in the evening don’t withhold your hand;
    for you don’t know which will prosper, whether this or that,
    or whether they both will be equally good.

Miscellaneous Observations

10 Dead flies make the perfumer’s ointment give off a foul odor;[a]
    so a little folly outweighs wisdom and honor.
The heart of the wise inclines to the right,
    but the heart of a fool to the left.
Even when fools walk on the road, they lack sense
    and show to everyone that they are fools.(A)
If the anger of the ruler rises against you, do not leave your post,
    for calmness will undo great offenses.(B)

There is an evil that I have seen under the sun, as great an error as if it proceeded from the ruler: folly is set in many high places, and the rich sit in a low place.(C) I have seen slaves on horseback and princes walking on the ground like slaves.

Whoever digs a pit will fall into it,
    and whoever breaks through a wall will be bitten by a snake.(D)
Whoever quarries stones will be hurt by them,
    and whoever splits logs will be endangered by them.
10 If the iron is blunt and one does not whet the edge,
    then more strength must be exerted,
    but wisdom helps one to succeed.
11 If the snake bites before it is charmed,
    there is no advantage in a charmer.(E)

12 Words spoken by the wise bring them favor,
    but the lips of fools consume them.(F)
13 The words of their mouths begin in foolishness,
    and their talk ends in wicked madness,(G)
14 yet fools talk on and on.
    No one knows what is to happen,
    and who can tell anyone what the future holds?(H)
15 The toil of fools wears them out,
    for they do not even know the way to town.

16 Alas for you, O land, when your king is a child
    and your princes feast in the morning!(I)
17 Happy are you, O land, when your king is a nobleman,
    and your princes feast at the proper time—
    for strength and not for drunkenness!(J)
18 Through sloth the roof sinks in,
    and through indolence the house leaks.(K)
19 Feasts are made for laughter,
    wine gladdens life,
    and money meets every need.(L)
20 Do not curse the king, even in your thoughts,
    or curse the rich, even in your bedroom,
for a bird of the air may carry your voice,
    or some winged creature tell the matter.(M)

The Value of Diligence

11 Send out your bread upon the waters,
    for after many days you will get it back.(N)
Divide your means seven ways, or even eight,
    for you do not know what disaster may happen on earth.(O)
When clouds are full,
    they empty rain on the earth;
whether a tree falls to the south or to the north,
    in the place where the tree falls, there it will lie.
Whoever observes the wind will not sow,
    and whoever regards the clouds will not reap.

Just as you do not know how the breath comes to the bones in the mother’s womb, so you do not know the work of God, who makes everything.(P)

In the morning sow your seed, and at evening do not let your hands be idle, for you do not know which will prosper, this or that, or whether both alike will be good.(Q)

Footnotes

  1. 10.1 Gk Vg Syr: Meaning of Heb uncertain