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I have noticed that in this world a serious injustice is done. God will give us wealth, honor, and property, yes, everything we want, but then will not let us enjoy it. Some stranger will enjoy it instead. It is useless, and it just isn't right. We may have a hundred children and live a long time, but no matter how long we live, if we do not get our share of happiness and do not receive a decent burial, then I say that a baby born dead is better off. It does that baby no good to be born; it disappears into darkness, where it is forgotten. It never sees the light of day or knows what life is like, but at least it has found rest— more so than the man who never enjoys life, though he may live two thousand years. After all, both of them are going to the same place.

We do all our work just to get something to eat, but we never have enough. How are the wise better off than fools? What good does it do the poor to know how to face life? It is useless; it is like chasing the wind. It is better to be satisfied with what you have than to be always wanting something else.

10 Everything that happens was already determined long ago, and we all know that you[a] cannot argue with someone who is stronger than you. 11 The longer you argue, the more useless it is, and you are no better off. 12 How can anyone know what is best for us in this short, useless life of ours—a life that passes like a shadow? How can we know what will happen in the world after we die?

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 6:10 and we … you; or and our nature is already known; you.

The Frustration of Desires

There is an evil that I have seen under the sun, and it lies heavy upon humankind:(A) those to whom God gives wealth, possessions, and honor, so that they lack nothing of all that they desire, yet God does not enable them to enjoy these things, but a stranger enjoys them. This is vanity; it is a grievous ill.(B) A man may father a hundred children and live many years, but however many are the days of his years, if he does not enjoy life’s good things or has no burial, I say that a stillborn child is better off than he.(C) For it comes in vanity and goes in darkness, and in darkness its name is covered; moreover, it has not seen the sun or known anything, yet it finds rest rather than he. Even though he should live a thousand years twice over yet enjoy no good—do not all go to one place?

All human toil is for the mouth, yet the appetite is not satisfied.(D) For what advantage have the wise over fools? And what do the poor have who know how to conduct themselves before the living?(E) Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering of desire; this also is vanity and a chasing after wind.(F)

10 Whatever has come to be has already been named, and it is known what humans are and that they are not able to dispute with those who are stronger.(G) 11 The more words, the more vanity, so how is one the better? 12 For who knows what is good for mortals while they live the few days of their vain life, which they pass like a shadow? For who can tell them what will be after them under the sun?(H)

I have seen another evil under the sun, and it weighs heavily on people: the case in which God gives someone riches, wealth and honor, so that he lacks nothing that he wants; but God does not give him the power to enjoy them, and some stranger gets to enjoy them — this is meaningless, evil, sick.

Suppose a man fathers a hundred children and lives many years, so that he has a long life, but he fails to enjoy himself; then, even if he were to [live indefinitely and therefore] never be buried, I say that it would be better to be born dead. For the arrival of a stillborn baby is a futile thing, and its departure is in darkness; its name is [forgotten,] covered in darkness; and although it has never seen or known the sun, it is more content than he is, without enjoying himself, even if he were to live a thousand years twice over. Doesn’t everyone go to the same place?

The purpose of all toil is to fill the mouth,
yet the appetite is never satisfied.
What advantage has the wise over the fool,
or the person with experience, if he is poor?
Better what the eyes can see
than meandering desire.
Yet this too is pointless
and feeding on wind.

10 Whatever he is, he was named long ago,
and it is known that he is merely human;
moreover, he cannot defeat
what is mightier than he [death].
11 There are many things that only add to futility,
so how do humans benefit from them?
12 For who knows what is good for someone during life,
during the days of his pointless life spent like a shadow?
Who can tell what will happen under the sun
after a person is gone?