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Evil Under the Sun

Again I saw all types of oppression that are done under the sun:

Look! The tears of the oppressed,
    and no one was there to comfort them.
And there was force from the hand of the oppressors,
    and no one was there to comfort them.
And I thought that fortunate were the dead
    who had already died,
even more than the living
    who were still alive.
And still better than both
    is he who has not been,
who has not seen the evil deeds
    that are done under the sun.

Then I saw that all toil and every skillful work come from one man’s envy of another. This also is vanity and like chasing the wind.

The fool folds his hands
    and eats his own flesh.
Better is a full hand of quietness
    than handfuls of toil and chasing the wind.

Again, I saw vanity under the sun:

There is a man who is alone,
    neither having son or brother,
and there is not an end to all his toil,
    and his eyes are not satisfied with riches to say,
“For whom do I labor
    and cause my life to lack good things?”
Also this is vanity
    and a burdensome task.

Two are better than one,
    because there is a good reward for their labor together.
10 For if they fall,
    then one will help up his companion.
But woe to him who is alone when he falls
    and has no one to help him up.
11 Also if two lie down together, then they will keep warm;
    but how can one keep warm by himself?
12 And if someone might overpower another by himself,
    two together can withstand him.
A threefold cord is not quickly broken.

The Vanity of Status

13 Better is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king who will no longer be admonished. 14 For out of prison he has come to reign, even though he was born poor in the kingdom. 15 Then I saw all those who live and walk under the sun, along with the next youth who will arise in the king’s place. 16 There is no end of all the people, to all who were before them. Yet those who come later will not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and chasing the wind.

Then I returned and saw all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and, behold, the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter. Wherefore I praised the dead that have been long dead more than the living that are yet alive; yea, [a]better than them both did I esteem him that hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun. Then I saw all labor and every [b]skilful work, that [c]for this a man is envied of his neighbor. This also is vanity and a striving after wind. The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh. Better is a handful, [d]with quietness, than two handfuls [e]with labor and striving after wind. Then I returned and saw vanity under the sun. There is one that is alone, and he hath not a second; yea, he hath neither son nor brother; yet is there no end of all his labor, neither are his eyes satisfied with riches. For whom then, saith he, do I labor, and deprive my soul of good? This also is vanity, yea, it is a sore travail. Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their labor. 10 For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow; but woe to him that is alone when he falleth, and hath not another to lift him up. 11 Again, if two lie together, then they have warmth; but how can one be warm alone? 12 And if a man prevail against him that is alone, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken. 13 Better is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king, who knoweth not how to receive admonition any more. 14 For out of prison he came forth to be king; yea, even in his kingdom he was born poor. 15 I saw all the living that walk under the sun, that they were with the youth, the second, that stood up in his stead. 16 [f]There was no end of all the people, even of all them over whom he was: yet they that come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and a striving after wind.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 4:3 Or, better than they both is he that etc.
  2. Ecclesiastes 4:4 Or, successful
  3. Ecclesiastes 4:4 Or, it cometh of a man’s rivalry with his neighbor
  4. Ecclesiastes 4:6 Or, of
  5. Ecclesiastes 4:6 Or, of
  6. Ecclesiastes 4:16 Or, There is no end, in the mind of all the people, to all that hath been before them; they also etc.