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Advice to the Young: Life is Short and Then You Die

12 Remember your Creator in the days of your youth—
    before the days of trouble come
and the years draw near when you will say,
    “I find no pleasure in them!”
Before the sun, the light, the moon, and the stars darken
    and the clouds return after the rain.
When the guards of the house tremble,
    and the men of strength are bent;
the grinders cease because they are few,
    and those looking through the windows see dimly.
When the doors on the street are shut,
    when the sound of the grinding mill is low;
one rises up to the sound of the bird,
    and all the daughters of song are brought low.
They are afraid of heights,
    and terrors are on the road.
The almond tree blossoms,
    and the grasshopper draws itself along, and desire fails
because man goes to his eternal home,
    and the mourners go about in the streets.
Before the silver cord is snapped
    and the golden bowl is broken;
and the jar at the foundation is broken,
    and the wheel at the cistern is broken.
And the dust returns to the earth as it was,
    and the breath returns to God who gave it.

Motto Restated

“Vanity of vanity!” says the Teacher.[a]
    “Everything is vanity!”

Epilogue

The Teacher[b] was full of wisdom, and he taught the people with knowledge. He carefully considered many proverbs and carefully arranged them. 10 The Teacher[c] sought to find delightful words,[d] and he wrote[e] what is upright—truthful words.

11 The words of the wise are like cattle goads; the collections of the sages are like pricks inflicted by one shepherd.[f] 12 My son, be careful about anything beyond these things.[g] For the writing of books is endless, and too much study is wearisome.[h]

13 Now that all has been heard, here is the final conclusion:
    Fear God and obey his commandments,
        for this is the whole duty of man.
14 For God will bring every deed into judgment,
    including every secret thing, whether good or evil.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 12:8 Hebrew “Qohelet”
  2. Ecclesiastes 12:9 Hebrew “Qohelet”
  3. Ecclesiastes 12:10 Hebrew “Qohelet”
  4. Ecclesiastes 12:10 Hebrew “words of delight”
  5. Ecclesiastes 12:10 The MT reads the term passively, “what is written,” but an alternate textual tradition reads, “and he wrote”
  6. Ecclesiastes 12:11 Or “The owner of collections are given by one shepherd”
  7. Ecclesiastes 12:12 Literally “but from more than them”
  8. Ecclesiastes 12:12 Literally “increases weariness of flesh”

The Twilight of Life

12 So remember your Creator in the days of your youth:

Before the days of adversity come,
and the years approach when you will say,(A)
“I have no delight in them”;
before the sun and the light are darkened,(B)
and the moon and the stars,
and the clouds return after[a] the rain;
on the day when the guardians of the house tremble,
and the strong men stoop,
the women who grind cease because they are few,
and the ones who watch through the windows see dimly,(C)
the doors at the street are shut
while the sound of the mill fades;(D)
when one rises at the sound of a bird,
and all the daughters of song grow faint.
Also, they are afraid of heights and dangers on the road;
the almond tree blossoms,
the grasshopper loses its spring,[b]
and the caper berry has no effect;
for man is headed to his eternal home,(E)
and mourners will walk around in the street;(F)
before the silver cord is snapped,[c]
and the gold bowl is broken,(G)
and the jar is shattered at the spring,
and the wheel is broken into the well;
and the dust returns to the earth as it once was,
and the spirit returns to God who gave it.(H)

“Absolute futility,” says the Teacher. “Everything is futile.”(I)

The Teacher’s Objectives and Conclusion

In addition to the Teacher being a wise man, he constantly taught the people knowledge; he weighed, explored, and arranged many proverbs.(J) 10 The Teacher sought to find delightful sayings and write words of truth accurately. 11 The sayings of the wise are like goads,(K) and those from masters of collections are like firmly embedded nails.(L) The sayings are given by one Shepherd.[d]

12 But beyond these, my son, be warned: there is no end to the making of many books,(M) and much study wearies the body.(N) 13 When all has been heard, the conclusion of the matter is: fear God(O) and keep His commands, because this is for all humanity.(P) 14 For God will bring every act to judgment,(Q) including every hidden thing, whether good or evil.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 12:2 Or with
  2. Ecclesiastes 12:5 Or grasshopper is weighed down, or grasshopper drags itself along
  3. Ecclesiastes 12:6 Alt Hb tradition reads removed
  4. Ecclesiastes 12:11 Or by a shepherd