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All Is Vanity

The words of the [a](A)Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem.

[b](B)Vanity of vanities,” says the Preacher,
[c]Vanity of vanities! All is [d]vanity.”

(C)What advantage does man have in all his labor
In which he labors under the sun?
A generation goes and a generation comes,
But the (D)earth stands forever.
Also, (E)the sun rises and the sun sets;
And [e]hastening to its place it rises there again.
(F)Going toward the south,
Then [f]circling toward the north,
The wind goes [g]circling along;
And on its circular courses the wind returns.
All the rivers go into the sea,
Yet the sea is not full.
To the place where the rivers go,
There they [h]continually go.
All things are wearisome;
Man is not able to speak of it.
(G)The eye is not satisfied with seeing,
Nor is the ear filled with hearing.
(H)That which has been is that which will be,
And that which has been done is that which will be done.
So there is nothing new under the sun.
10 Is there anything of which one might say,
“See this, it is new”?
Already it has been for ages
Which were before us.
11 There is (I)no remembrance of [i]earlier things;
And also of the [j]later things which will be,
There will be for them no remembrance
Among those who will come [k]later still.

The Vanity of Wisdom

12 I, the (J)Preacher, have been king over Israel in Jerusalem. 13 And I (K)gave my heart to seek and (L)explore by wisdom concerning all that has been done under heaven. It is [l]a grievous (M)endeavor which God has given to the sons of men with which to occupy themselves. 14 I have seen all the works which have been done under the sun, and behold, all is [m](N)vanity and striving after wind. 15 What is (O)bent cannot be straightened, and what is lacking cannot be counted.

16 I spoke within my heart, saying, “Behold, I have magnified and increased (P)wisdom more than all who were over Jerusalem before me; and my heart has seen an abundance of wisdom and knowledge.” 17 And I (Q)gave my heart to know wisdom and to (R)know madness and simpleminded folly; I came to know that this also is (S)striving after wind. 18 Because (T)in much wisdom there is much vexation, and whoever increases knowledge increases pain.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:1 Or speaker of an assembly, leader of an assembly; or possibly the one who gathers an assembly; Heb Qoheleth
  2. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Or Futility of futilities
  3. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Or Futility of futilities
  4. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Or futile
  5. Ecclesiastes 1:5 Lit panting
  6. Ecclesiastes 1:6 Lit turning
  7. Ecclesiastes 1:6 Lit turning
  8. Ecclesiastes 1:7 Lit turn to go
  9. Ecclesiastes 1:11 Lit first, former
  10. Ecclesiastes 1:11 Lit latter, after
  11. Ecclesiastes 1:11 Lit latter, after
  12. Ecclesiastes 1:13 Lit an evil
  13. Ecclesiastes 1:14 Or futility

The Theme

The words of the Teacher,[a] the son of David, king in Jerusalem.

“Utterly pointless,”[b]
        says the Teacher.
“Absolutely pointless;
    everything is pointless.”
What does a man gain
    from all of the work that he undertakes on earth?[c]

The Predictability of Life

A generation goes,
    a generation comes,
        but the earth remains forever.
The sun rises,
    the sun sets,
        then rushes back to where it arose.
The wind blows southward,
    then northward, constantly circulating,
        and the wind comes back again in its courses.
All the rivers flow toward the sea,
    but the sea is never full;
        then rivers return to the headwaters[d] where they began.

Everything is wearisome,
    more than man is able to express.
The eye is never satisfied by seeing,
    nor the ear by hearing.
Whatever has happened, will happen again;
    whatever has been done, will be done again.
        There is nothing new on earth.
10 Does anything exist about which someone might say,
    “Look at this! Is this new?”
It happened ages ago;
    it existed before we did.
11 No one remembers those in the past,
    nor will they be remembered
        by those who come after them.

A Testimony to an Unwise Search

12 I, the Teacher, have been king over Israel in Jerusalem. 13 I dedicated myself to using wisdom for study and discovery of everything that is done under heaven.[e] God uses terrible things so human beings will struggle with life.[f] 14 I observed every activity done on earth. My conclusion: all of it is pointless—like chasing after the wind.

15 What is crooked cannot be made straight;
    what is not there cannot be counted.

16 I told myself, “I have become greater and wiser than anyone who ruled before me in Jerusalem—yes, I have acquired a great deal of wisdom and knowledge.” 17 So I dedicated myself to learn about wisdom and knowledge, and about insanity and foolishness. And I discovered that this is also like chasing after the wind.

18 For with much wisdom there is much sorrow;
    the more someone adds to knowledge,
        the more someone adds to grief.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:1 Or Speaker, Or Philosopher, and so throughout the book
  2. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Or Utter vanity; and so throughout the book
  3. Ecclesiastes 1:3 Lit. under the sun; i.e. from an earthly perspective; and so throughout the book
  4. Ecclesiastes 1:7 Lit. place
  5. Ecclesiastes 1:13 I.e. from a heavenly perspective
  6. Ecclesiastes 1:13 The Heb. lacks with life