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Averea şi cinstea sunt tot deşertăciuni

Este(A) un rău pe care l-am văzut sub soare şi care se întâlneşte des între oameni. Este, de pildă, un om căruia i-a dat Dumnezeu avere, bogăţii şi slavă; aşa(B) că nu-i lipseşte nimic din ce-i doreşte sufletul, dar(C) Dumnezeu nu-l lasă să se bucure de ele, ci un străin se bucură de ele: aceasta este o deşertăciune şi un rău mare. Chiar dacă un om ar avea o sută de copii şi ar trăi mulţi ani, oricât de mult i s-ar mări numărul zilelor anilor lui, dar dacă nu i se satură sufletul de bunătăţile agonisite de el şi dacă(D) nici de înmormântare n-are parte, eu zic că o stârpitură este mai(E) fericită decât el. Căci aceasta din urmă piere odată cu venirea ei, se duce în întuneric şi numele îi rămâne acoperit cu întuneric; n-a văzut, nici n-a cunoscut soarele, şi de aceea este mai bine de ea decât de omul acela. Şi de ar trăi chiar de două ori o mie de ani un astfel de om, fără să se bucure de fericire, nu merg toate la un loc? Toată(F) truda omului este pentru gura lui, şi totuşi poftele nu i se împlinesc niciodată. Căci ce are înţeleptul mai mult decât nebunul? Ce folos are nenorocitul care ştie să se poarte înaintea celor vii? Mai bine ce vezi cu ochii decât frământare de pofte neîmplinite: şi aceasta este o deşertăciune şi goană după vânt. 10 Ce este omul, se cunoaşte după numele care i s-a dat demult: se ştie că este din pământ şi nu(G) poate să se judece cu cel ce este mai tare decât el. 11 Căci chiar dacă face multă vorbă, care doar înmulţeşte deşertăciunea, ce folos are omul din ea? 12 Căci cine ştie ce este bine pentru om în viaţă, în toate zilele vieţii lui de vieţuire deşartă, pe care le petrece ca o(H) umbră? Şi cine(I) poate să spună omului ce va fi după el sub soare?

Chapter 6

Limited Worth of Enjoyment. There is another evil I have seen under the sun, and it weighs heavily upon humankind: (A)There is one to whom God gives riches and property and honor, and who lacks nothing the heart could desire; yet God does not grant the power to partake of them, but a stranger devours them. This is vanity and a dire plague. Should one have a hundred children and live many years, no matter to what great age, still if one has not the full benefit of those goods, I proclaim that the child born dead, even if left unburied, is more fortunate.[a] (B)Though it came in vain and goes into darkness and its name is enveloped in darkness, though it has not seen the sun or known anything, yet the dead child has more peace. Should such a one live twice a thousand years and not enjoy those goods, do not both go to the same place?[b]

All human toil is for the mouth,[c] yet the appetite is never satisfied. What profit have the wise compared to fools, or what profit have the lowly in knowing how to conduct themselves in life? “What the eyes see is better than what the desires wander after.”[d] This also is vanity and a chase after wind.

II. Qoheleth’s Conclusions

10 Whatever is, was long ago given its name, and human nature is known; mortals cannot contend in judgment with One who is stronger.[e] 11 For the more words, the more vanity; what profit is there for anyone? 12 (C)For who knows what is good for mortals in life, the limited days of their vain life, spent like a shadow? Because who can tell them what will come afterward under the sun?(D)

Footnotes

  1. 6:3 Even a large family and exceptionally long life cannot compensate for the absence of good things and the joy which they bring.
  2. 6:6 Same place: the grave; cf. 3:20; 12:7.
  3. 6:7 The mouth: symbolic of human desires.
  4. 6:9 Compare the English proverb, “A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.” However, it could also mean, “The seeing of the eyes is better than the wandering of the desire,” with the emphasis on the actions of seeing and desiring. Seeing is a way of possessing whereas desire, by definition, can remain frustrated and unfulfilled.
  5. 6:10–11 One who is stronger is, of course, God. The more vanity: contending with God is futile.

I have seen another evil under the sun, and it weighs heavily on mankind: God gives some people wealth, possessions and honor, so that they lack nothing their hearts desire, but God does not grant them the ability to enjoy them,(A) and strangers enjoy them instead. This is meaningless, a grievous evil.(B)

A man may have a hundred children and live many years; yet no matter how long he lives, if he cannot enjoy his prosperity and does not receive proper burial, I say that a stillborn(C) child is better off than he.(D) It comes without meaning, it departs in darkness, and in darkness its name is shrouded. Though it never saw the sun or knew anything, it has more rest than does that man— even if he lives a thousand years twice over but fails to enjoy his prosperity. Do not all go to the same place?(E)

Everyone’s toil is for their mouth,
    yet their appetite is never satisfied.(F)
What advantage have the wise over fools?(G)
What do the poor gain
    by knowing how to conduct themselves before others?
Better what the eye sees
    than the roving of the appetite.
This too is meaningless,
    a chasing after the wind.(H)

10 Whatever exists has already been named,(I)
    and what humanity is has been known;
no one can contend
    with someone who is stronger.
11 The more the words,
    the less the meaning,
    and how does that profit anyone?

12 For who knows what is good for a person in life, during the few and meaningless days(J) they pass through like a shadow?(K) Who can tell them what will happen under the sun after they are gone?

There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men:

A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease.

If a man beget an hundred children, and live many years, so that the days of his years be many, and his soul be not filled with good, and also that he have no burial; I say, that an untimely birth is better than he.

For he cometh in with vanity, and departeth in darkness, and his name shall be covered with darkness.

Moreover he hath not seen the sun, nor known any thing: this hath more rest than the other.

Yea, though he live a thousand years twice told, yet hath he seen no good: do not all go to one place?

All the labour of man is for his mouth, and yet the appetite is not filled.

For what hath the wise more than the fool? what hath the poor, that knoweth to walk before the living?

Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering of the desire: this is also vanity and vexation of spirit.

10 That which hath been is named already, and it is known that it is man: neither may he contend with him that is mightier than he.

11 Seeing there be many things that increase vanity, what is man the better?

12 For who knoweth what is good for man in this life, all the days of his vain life which he spendeth as a shadow? for who can tell a man what shall be after him under the sun?

Wealth Is Not the Goal of Life

There(A) is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men: A man to whom God has given riches and wealth and honor, (B)so that he lacks nothing for himself of all he desires; (C)yet God does not give him power to eat of it, but a foreigner consumes it. This is vanity, and it is an evil [a]affliction.

If a man begets a hundred children and lives many years, so that the days of his years are many, but his soul is not satisfied with goodness, or (D)indeed he has no burial, I say that (E)a [b]stillborn child is better than he— for it comes in vanity and departs in darkness, and its name is covered with darkness. Though it has not seen the sun or known anything, this has more rest than that man, even if he lives a thousand years twice—but has not seen goodness. Do not all go to one (F)place?

(G)All the labor of man is for his mouth,
And yet the soul is not satisfied.
For what more has the wise man than the fool?
What does the poor man have,
Who knows how to walk before the living?
Better is [c]the (H)sight of the eyes than the wandering of [d]desire.
This also is vanity and grasping for the wind.

10 Whatever one is, he has been named (I)already,
For it is known that he is man;
(J)And he cannot contend with Him who is mightier than he.
11 Since there are many things that increase vanity,
How is man the better?

12 For who knows what is good for man in life, [e]all the days of his [f]vain life which he passes like (K)a shadow? (L)Who can tell a man what will happen after him under the sun?

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 6:2 disease
  2. Ecclesiastes 6:3 Or miscarriage
  3. Ecclesiastes 6:9 What the eyes see
  4. Ecclesiastes 6:9 Lit. soul
  5. Ecclesiastes 6:12 Lit. the number of the days
  6. Ecclesiastes 6:12 futile