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Deuteronomy 9:7-24
New English Translation

The History of Israel’s Stubbornness

7 Remember—don’t ever forget[a]—how you provoked the Lord your God in the wilderness; from the time you left the land of Egypt until you came to this place you were constantly rebelling against him.[b] 8 At Horeb you provoked him and he was angry enough with you to destroy you. 9 When I went up the mountain to receive the stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant that the Lord made with you, I remained there[c] forty days and nights, eating and drinking nothing. 10 The Lord gave me the two stone tablets, written by the very finger[d] of God, and on them was everything[e] he[f] said to you at the mountain from the midst of the fire at the time of that assembly. 11 Now at the end of the forty days and nights the Lord presented me with the two stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant. 12 And he said to me, “Get up, go down at once from here because your people whom you brought out of Egypt have sinned! They have quickly turned from the way I commanded them and have made for themselves a cast metal image.”[g] 13 Moreover, he said to me, “I have taken note of these people; they are a stubborn[h] lot! 14 Stand aside[i] and I will destroy them, obliterating their very name from memory,[j] and I will make you into a stronger and more numerous nation than they are.”

15 So I turned and went down the mountain while it[k] was blazing with fire; the two tablets of the covenant were in my hands. 16 When I looked, you had indeed sinned against the Lord your God and had cast for yourselves a metal calf;[l] you had quickly turned aside from the way he[m] had commanded you! 17 I grabbed the two tablets, threw them down,[n] and shattered them before your very eyes. 18 Then I again fell down before the Lord for forty days and nights; I ate and drank nothing because of all the sin you had committed, doing such evil before the Lord as to enrage him. 19 For I was terrified at the Lord’s intense anger[o] that threatened to destroy you. But he[p] listened to me this time as well. 20 The Lord was also angry enough at Aaron to kill him, but at that time I prayed for him[q] too. 21 As for your sinful thing[r] that you had made, the calf, I took it, melted it down,[s] ground it up until it was as fine as dust, and tossed the dust into the stream that flows down the mountain. 22 Moreover, you continued to provoke the Lord at Taberah,[t] Massah,[u] and Kibroth Hattaavah.[v] 23 And when he[w] sent you from Kadesh Barnea and told you, “Go up and possess the land I have given you,” you rebelled against the Lord your God[x] and would neither believe nor obey him. 24 You have been rebelling against him[y] from the very first day I knew you!

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Notas al pie

  1. Deuteronomy 9:7 tn By juxtaposing the positive זְכֹר (zekhor, “remember”) with the negative אַל־תִּשְׁכַּח (ʾal tishkakh, “do not forget”), Moses makes a most emphatic plea.
  2. Deuteronomy 9:7 tn Heb “the Lord” (likewise in the following verse with both “him” and “he”). See note on “he” in 9:3.
  3. Deuteronomy 9:9 tn Heb “in the mountain.” The demonstrative pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  4. Deuteronomy 9:10 sn The very finger of God. This is a double figure of speech (1) in which God is ascribed human features (anthropomorphism) and (2) in which a part stands for the whole (synecdoche). That is, God, as Spirit, has no literal finger nor, if he had, would he write with his finger. Rather, the sense is that God himself—not Moses in any way—was responsible for the composition of the Ten Commandments (cf. Exod 31:18; 32:16; 34:1).
  5. Deuteronomy 9:10 tn Heb “according to all the words.”
  6. Deuteronomy 9:10 tn Heb “the Lord” (likewise at the beginning of vv. 12, 13). See note on “he” in 9:3.
  7. Deuteronomy 9:12 tc Heb “a casting.” The MT reads מַסֵּכָה (massekhah, “a cast thing”) but some mss and Smr add עֵגֶל (ʿegel, “calf”), “a molten calf” or the like (Exod 32:8). Perhaps Moses here omits reference to the calf out of contempt for it.
  8. Deuteronomy 9:13 tn Heb “stiff-necked.” See note on the word “stubborn” in 9:6.
  9. Deuteronomy 9:14 tn Heb “leave me alone.”
  10. Deuteronomy 9:14 tn Heb “from under heaven.”
  11. Deuteronomy 9:15 tn Heb “the mountain.” The translation uses a pronoun for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  12. Deuteronomy 9:16 tn On the phrase “metal calf,” see note on the term “metal image” in v. 12.
  13. Deuteronomy 9:16 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  14. Deuteronomy 9:17 tn The Hebrew text includes “from upon my two hands,” but as this seems somewhat obvious and redundant, it has been left untranslated for stylistic reasons.
  15. Deuteronomy 9:19 tn Heb “the anger and the wrath.” Although many English versions translate as two terms, this construction is a hendiadys which serves to intensify the emotion (cf. NAB, TEV “fierce anger”).
  16. Deuteronomy 9:19 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  17. Deuteronomy 9:20 tn Heb “Aaron.” The pronoun is used in the translation to avoid redundancy.
  18. Deuteronomy 9:21 tn Heb “your sin.” This is a metonymy in which the effect (sin) stands for the cause (the metal calf).
  19. Deuteronomy 9:21 tn Heb “burned it with fire.”
  20. Deuteronomy 9:22 sn Taberah. By popular etymology this derives from the Hebrew verb בָעַר (baʿar, “to burn”), thus, here, “burning.” The reference is to the Lord’s fiery wrath against Israel because of their constant complaints against him (Num 11:1-3).
  21. Deuteronomy 9:22 sn Massah. See note on this term in Deut 6:16.
  22. Deuteronomy 9:22 sn Kibroth Hattaavah. This place name means in Hebrew “burial places of appetite,” that is, graves that resulted from overindulgence. The reference is to the Israelites stuffing themselves with the quail God had provided and doing so with thanklessness (Num 11:31-35).
  23. Deuteronomy 9:23 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  24. Deuteronomy 9:23 tn Heb “the mouth of the Lord your God,” that is, against the commandment that he had spoken.
  25. Deuteronomy 9:24 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
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Deuteronomy 9:7-24
English Standard Version

7 Remember and do not forget how you provoked the Lord your God to wrath in the wilderness. (A)From the day you came out of the land of Egypt until you came to this place, you have been rebellious against the Lord. 8 Even (B)at Horeb you provoked the Lord to wrath, and the Lord was so angry with you that he was ready to destroy you. 9 (C)When I went up the mountain to receive the tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant that the Lord made with you, I remained on the mountain (D)forty days and forty nights. I neither ate bread nor drank water. 10 And (E)the Lord gave me the two tablets of stone written with the finger of God, and on them were all the words that the Lord had spoken with you on the mountain out of the midst of the fire (F)on the day of the assembly. 11 And at the end of forty days and forty nights the Lord gave me the two tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant. 12 Then the Lord said to me, (G)‘Arise, go down quickly from here, for your people whom you have brought from Egypt have acted corruptly. They have (H)turned aside quickly out of the way that I commanded them; they have made themselves a metal image.’

The Golden Calf

13 (I)“Furthermore, the Lord said to me, ‘I have seen this people, and behold, it is (J)a stubborn people. 14 (K)Let me alone, that I may destroy them and (L)blot out their name from under heaven. And (M)I will make of you a nation mightier and greater than they.’ 15 (N)So I turned and came down from the mountain, and (O)the mountain was burning with fire. And the two tablets of the covenant were in my two hands. 16 And (P)I looked, and behold, you had sinned against the Lord your God. You had made yourselves a golden[a] calf. (Q)You had turned aside quickly from the way that the Lord had commanded you. 17 So I took hold of the two tablets and threw them out of my two hands and broke them before your eyes. 18 Then I (R)lay prostrate before the Lord (S)as before, forty days and forty nights. I neither ate bread nor drank water, because of all the sin that you had committed, (T)in doing what was evil in the sight of the Lord to provoke him to anger. 19 For I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure that the Lord bore against you, so that he was ready to destroy you. (U)But the Lord listened to me that time also. 20 And the Lord was so angry with Aaron that he was ready to destroy him. And I prayed for Aaron also at the same time. 21 Then (V)I took the sinful thing, the calf that you had made, and burned it with fire and crushed it, grinding it very small, until it was as fine as dust. And I threw the dust of it into the brook that ran down from the mountain.

22 “At (W)Taberah also, and at (X)Massah and at (Y)Kibroth-hattaavah you provoked the Lord to wrath. 23 And (Z)when the Lord sent you from Kadesh-barnea, saying, ‘Go up and take possession of the land that I have given you,’ then you rebelled against the commandment of the Lord your God and (AA)did not believe him or obey his voice. 24 (AB)You have been rebellious against the Lord from the day that I knew you.

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Notas al pie

  1. Deuteronomy 9:16 Hebrew cast metal
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