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Limitations on Punishment

25 “When there is a conflict between individuals, let them come to court to judge the case, decide who is innocent, and condemn the guilty person. If the guilty person deserves a beating, the judge will make him lie down and be beaten in his presence with the number of lashes fit for his crime. But he must not be beaten more than 40 lashes, because if he receives more than 40 lashes, your brother will be humiliated in your eyes.

“Don’t muzzle an ox while it is threshing grain.”

Levirate Marriage

“When two brothers are living together and one of them dies without leaving a son, his widow must not be married outside the family to a foreigner. Instead, the brother-in-law must go to her, take her as his wife, and by doing so perform the duty of a brother-in-law. The firstborn whom she will bear will continue the name of the dead brother, so his name will not be erased from Israel. But if the man does not want to marry his brother’s widow, then she[a] must go to the elders at the city gate and declare, ‘My husband’s brother refuses to perform the duty of a brother-in-law in order to preserve the name of his brother in Israel. He is not willing to perform the duty of a brother-in-law.’ Then the elders of the city are to summon him and speak with him. If he insists on saying, ‘I don’t want to marry her,’ then she is to approach her brother-in-law in the presence of the elders, remove his sandal, spit in his face, and say in response, ‘May this be done to the man who does not preserve the lineage[b] of his brother.’ 10 Then his family name in Israel will be known as ‘the family of the one whose sandal was removed.’”

Limiting a Wife’s Defense

11 “If two men are fighting together, and the wife of one comes to rescue her husband from the grasp of his assailant, and she reaches out and seizes his genitals, 12 you are to cut off her hand. Don’t show any pity.”

Honest Weights

13 “Don’t have different weights in your bag—one heavy and one light. 14 Don’t have different measuring devices in your house—one large and one small. 15 You must have honest weights and measuring devices,[c] so you may live long in the land that the Lord your God is about to give you, 16 for anyone who does these things—anyone who deals dishonestly—is detestable to the Lord your God.”

Annihilation of the Amalekites

17 “Remember what the Amalekites did to you along the road while you were coming out of Egypt, 18 how when you were very tired and weary, they lay in wait for you on the road and eliminated everyone who was lagging behind. They had no fear of God. 19 Therefore, when the Lord your God has given you rest from all your enemies who surround you in the land that he[d] is about to give you to possess as an inheritance, you must completely erase the memory of the Amalekites from under heaven. Don’t forget!”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 25:7 Lit. the brother’s wife
  2. Deuteronomy 25:9 Lit. house
  3. Deuteronomy 25:15 Lit. and an honest and fair device
  4. Deuteronomy 25:19 Lit. that the Lord your God

Laws of Social Responsibility

25 “If there is a (A)dispute between men, and they come to [a]court, that the judges may judge them, and they (B)justify the righteous and condemn the wicked, then it shall be, if the wicked man (C)deserves to be beaten, that the judge will cause him to lie down (D)and be beaten in his presence, according to his guilt, with a certain number of blows. (E)Forty blows he may give him and no more, lest he should exceed this and beat him with many blows above these, and your brother (F)be humiliated in your sight.

(G)“You shall not muzzle an ox while it [b]treads out the grain.

Marriage Duty of the Surviving Brother

(H)“If brothers dwell together, and one of them dies and has no son, the widow of the dead man shall not be married to a stranger outside the family; her husband’s brother shall go in to her, take her as his wife, and perform the duty of a husband’s brother to her. And it shall be that the firstborn son which she bears (I)will succeed to the name of his dead brother, that (J)his name may not be blotted out of Israel. But if the man does not want to take his brother’s wife, then let his brother’s wife go up to the (K)gate to the elders, and say, ‘My husband’s brother refuses to raise up a name to his brother in Israel; he will not perform the duty of my husband’s brother.’ Then the elders of his city shall call him and speak to him. But if he stands firm and says, (L)‘I do not want to take her,’ then his brother’s wife shall come to him in the presence of the elders, (M)remove his sandal from his foot, spit in his face, and answer and say, ‘So shall it be done to the man who will not (N)build up his brother’s house.’ 10 And his name shall be called in Israel, ‘The house of him who had his sandal removed.’

Miscellaneous Laws

11 “If two men fight together, and the wife of one draws near to rescue her husband from the hand of the one attacking him, and puts out her hand and seizes him by the genitals, 12 then you shall cut off her hand; (O)your eye shall not pity her.

13 (P)“You shall not have in your bag differing weights, a heavy and a light. 14 You shall not have in your house differing measures, a large and a small. 15 You shall have a perfect and just weight, a perfect and just measure, (Q)that your days may be lengthened in the land which the Lord your God is giving you. 16 For (R)all who do such things, all who behave unrighteously, are [c]an abomination to the Lord your God.

Destroy the Amalekites

17 (S)“Remember what Amalek did to you on the way as you were coming out of Egypt, 18 how he met you on the way and attacked your rear ranks, all the stragglers at your rear, when you were tired and weary; and he (T)did not fear God. 19 Therefore it shall be, (U)when the Lord your God has given you rest from your enemies all around, in the land which the Lord your God is giving you to possess as an inheritance, that you will (V)blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven. You shall not forget.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 25:1 Lit. the judgment
  2. Deuteronomy 25:4 threshes
  3. Deuteronomy 25:16 detestable

25 “如果发生纠纷,双方告上法庭,审判官要判明是非。 如果有罪的一方被判受鞭打,审判官要命令他当场伏在地上,按罪行轻重受刑。 最多可以鞭打他四十下。如果超过四十下,你们就是在公开羞辱自己的同胞。

“牛在踩谷时,不可笼住它的嘴。

为死亡的兄弟传宗接代

“如果兄弟们住在一起,其中一个没有儿子便死了,死者的妻子不可改嫁给外人。死者的兄弟要尽兄弟的责任娶她为妻。 她生的第一个儿子要算为死者的儿子,免得死者在以色列绝后。 如果死者的兄弟不愿娶那寡妇,她要到城门口见长老们,告诉他们,‘我丈夫的兄弟不肯尽兄弟的责任娶我,不肯为我丈夫留后。’ 长老们要把死者的兄弟召来,与他商谈。如果他执意不肯, 那寡妇要当着众长老的面,上前脱下他的鞋,吐唾沫在他脸上,说,‘这就是不肯为兄弟留后之人的下场。’ 10 从此以后,他的家在以色列要被称为‘被脱鞋者之家’。

其他条例

11 “如果两个男人打架,其中一人的妻子为帮助丈夫而伸手抓住另外一人的下体, 12 就要砍掉她的手,不可怜悯她。

13 “你们做买卖时,口袋里不可有一大一小两种砝码, 14 家里也不可用一大一小两种量器。 15 你们必须诚实无欺,使用同样的砝码和量器,以便在你们的上帝耶和华要赐给你们的土地上得享长寿。 16 因为你们的上帝耶和华憎恶行事诡诈的人。

灭绝亚玛力人的命令

17 “你们要记住,你们从埃及出来的路上,亚玛力人是怎样对待你们的。 18 他们趁你们疲惫不堪时,袭击你们当中掉队的人,毫不敬畏上帝。 19 所以,当你们的上帝耶和华赐给你们那片土地作产业、使你们四境安宁时,要灭绝亚玛力人,抹去世人对他们的记忆。你们要切记!

25 Om en tvist uppstår mellan män och de kommer inför rätta, och man där dömer mellan dem, skall man fria den oskyldige och fälla den skyldige. Om den skyldige förtjänar spöstraff, skall domaren befalla honom att lägga sig ner och under sin övervakning låta honom få det antal slag som svarar mot hans brott. Fyrtio slag får man ge honom, inte mer, för att din broder inte skall bli vanärad i dina ögon om man fortsätter att slå honom ännu mer.

Du skall inte binda till munnen på oxen som tröskar.

När bröder bor tillsammans och en av dem dör utan någon son, skall den dödes hustru inte gifta sig med någon främmande man utanför släkten. Hennes svåger skall gå in till henne och ta henne till hustru och så uppfylla sin plikt som svåger. Och den förste son hon föder skall få den döde broderns namn, för att dennes namn inte skall utplånas ur Israel.

Men om mannen inte vill gifta sig med sin svägerska, skall hon gå upp till de äldste i porten och säga: "Min svåger vägrar att föra sin brors namn vidare i Israel. Han vill inte uppfylla sin plikt som svåger." Då skall de äldste i staden där han bor kalla på honom och tala med honom. Om han står fast och säger: "Jag vill inte gifta mig med henne", då skall hans svägerska träda fram till honom inför de äldste och dra skon av hans fot och spotta honom i ansiktet och säga: "Så gör man med den man som inte vill bygga upp sin brors hus." 10 Hans hus skall sedan i Israel kallas 'den barfotades hus'.

11 Om två män slåss med varandra och den enes hustru kommer för att hjälpa sin man mot den andre när denne slår honom, och hon räcker ut sin hand och fattar tag i hans könsdelar, 12 då skall du hugga av hennes hand och du skall inte visa henne någon skonsamhet.

13 Du skall inte ha två slags vikt i din börs, en stor och en liten, 14 och i ditt hem skall du inte ha två slags efamått, ett stort och ett litet. 15 Full och rätt vikt skall du ha. Fullt och rätt efamått skall du också ha, för att du må leva länge i det land som Herren, din Gud, ger dig. 16 För Herren, din Gud, avskyr alla som gör orätt på detta sätt.

17 Kom ihåg vad Amalek gjorde mot dig på vägen, när ni drog ut ur Egypten. 18 Utan att frukta Gud gick han emot dig på vägen och slog din eftertrupp, alla de svaga som hade blivit efter, medan du var trött och utmattad. 19 När därför Herren, din Gud, har låtit dig få ro för alla dina fiender runt omkring i det land som Herren, din Gud, ger dig till besittning som arvedel, då skall du utplåna minnet av Amalek under himlen. Glöm inte detta!

25 When people have a dispute, they are to take it to court and the judges(A) will decide the case,(B) acquitting(C) the innocent and condemning the guilty.(D) If the guilty person deserves to be beaten,(E) the judge shall make them lie down and have them flogged in his presence with the number of lashes the crime deserves, but the judge must not impose more than forty lashes.(F) If the guilty party is flogged more than that, your fellow Israelite will be degraded in your eyes.(G)

Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.(H)

If brothers are living together and one of them dies without a son, his widow must not marry outside the family. Her husband’s brother shall take her and marry her and fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law to her.(I) The first son she bears shall carry on the name of the dead brother so that his name will not be blotted out from Israel.(J)

However, if a man does not want to marry his brother’s wife,(K) she shall go to the elders at the town gate(L) and say, “My husband’s brother refuses to carry on his brother’s name in Israel. He will not fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law to me.”(M) Then the elders of his town shall summon him and talk to him. If he persists in saying, “I do not want to marry her,” his brother’s widow shall go up to him in the presence of the elders, take off one of his sandals,(N) spit in his face(O) and say, “This is what is done to the man who will not build up his brother’s family line.” 10 That man’s line shall be known in Israel as The Family of the Unsandaled.

11 If two men are fighting and the wife of one of them comes to rescue her husband from his assailant, and she reaches out and seizes him by his private parts, 12 you shall cut off her hand. Show her no pity.(P)

13 Do not have two differing weights in your bag—one heavy, one light.(Q) 14 Do not have two differing measures in your house—one large, one small. 15 You must have accurate and honest weights and measures, so that you may live long(R) in the land the Lord your God is giving you. 16 For the Lord your God detests anyone who does these things, anyone who deals dishonestly.(S)

17 Remember what the Amalekites(T) did to you along the way when you came out of Egypt. 18 When you were weary and worn out, they met you on your journey and attacked all who were lagging behind; they had no fear of God.(U) 19 When the Lord your God gives you rest(V) from all the enemies(W) around you in the land he is giving you to possess as an inheritance, you shall blot out the name of Amalek(X) from under heaven. Do not forget!