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Atonement for Unsolved Murders

21 If someone is found slain in the land which the Lord your God is giving you to possess, lying in the field, and it is not known who has slain him, then your elders and your judges are to come forth, and they must measure how far it is to the cities which are around him who was slain. And it must be, that the city which is closest to the slain man, that is, the elders of that city shall take a heifer which has not been worked, that has never pulled in yoke, and the elders of that city must bring down the heifer to a valley with flowing water, which is neither plowed nor sown, and shall break the heifer’s neck there in the valley. Then the priests, the sons of Levi, must come near, for the Lord your God has chosen them to minister to Him, and to bless in the name of the Lord, and by their word every controversy and every assault will be settled. And all the elders of that city, which is nearest to the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley. Then they must answer and say, “Our hands have not shed this blood, and our eyes have not seen it. Be merciful, O Lord, to Your people Israel, whom You have redeemed, and lay not innocent blood in the midst of Your people Israel.” And the blood guilt will be forgiven them. In this way you are to remove the guilt of innocent blood from among you when you do that which is right in the eyes of the Lord.

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21 “If someone slain is found in the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you to take possession of it and is lying in the field, and it is not known who killed him,[a] then your elders and your judges shall go out and shall measure the distance to the cities that are around the slain one. And then[b] the nearest city to the slain one, the elders of that city shall take a heifer of the herd that has not been worked with in the field, that has not pulled a yoke, and the elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a wadi that flows with water all year[c] and that has not been plowed and has not been sown; then there they shall break the neck of the heifer in the wadi.[d] Then the priests, the descendants[e] of Levi, shall come near, for Yahweh your God has chosen them to bless in the name of Yahweh, and every legal dispute and every case of assault will be subject to their ruling.[f] And all of the elders of that city nearest to the slain person shall wash their hands over the heifer with the broken neck in the wadi.[g] And they shall declare, and they shall say, ‘Our hands did not shed this blood, and our eyes did not see what was done. Forgive your people, Israel, whom you redeemed, Yahweh, and do not allow[h] the guilt of innocent blood in the midst of your people Israel, and let them be forgiven with regard to blood.’ And so you shall purge the innocent blood from your midst, because you must do the right thing in the eyes of Yahweh.

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 21:1 Literally “struck/smote him”
  2. Deuteronomy 21:3 Literally “And it will happen”
  3. Deuteronomy 21:4 Literally “an ever-flowing wadi”
  4. Deuteronomy 21:4 Literally “they shall break there the neck with respect to the heifer in the ever-flowing wadi”; the Hebrew verb carries the meaning “to break the neck of”
  5. Deuteronomy 21:5 Or “sons”
  6. Deuteronomy 21:5 Literally “on their mouth”
  7. Deuteronomy 21:6 A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  8. Deuteronomy 21:8 Literally “place/put”