Deuteronomy 20
English Standard Version
Laws Concerning Warfare
20 “When you go out to war against your enemies, and see (A)horses and chariots and an army larger than your own, you shall not be afraid of them, for the Lord your God is (B)with you, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt. 2 And when you draw near to the battle, (C)the priest shall come forward and speak to the people 3 and shall say to them, ‘Hear, O Israel, today you are drawing near for battle against your enemies: let not your heart faint. Do not fear or panic or be in dread of them, 4 for the Lord your God is he who goes with you (D)to fight for you against your enemies, to give you the victory.’ 5 Then the officers shall speak to the people, saying, ‘Is there any man who has built a new house and has not dedicated it? Let him go back to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man dedicate it. 6 And is there any man who has planted a vineyard and has not (E)enjoyed its fruit? Let him go back to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man enjoy its fruit. 7 (F)And is there any man who has betrothed a wife and has not taken her? Let him go back to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man take her.’ 8 And the officers shall speak further to the people, and say, (G)‘Is there any man who is fearful and fainthearted? Let him go back to his house, lest he make the heart of his fellows melt like his own.’ 9 And when the officers have finished speaking to the people, then commanders shall be appointed at the head of the people.
10 “When you draw near to a city to fight against it, (H)offer terms of peace to it. 11 And if it responds to you peaceably and it opens to you, then all the people who are found in it shall do forced labor for you and shall serve you. 12 But if it makes no peace with you, but makes war against you, then you shall besiege it. 13 And when the Lord your God gives it into your hand, (I)you shall put all its males to the sword, 14 (J)but the women and the little ones, the livestock, and everything else in the city, all its spoil, you (K)shall take as plunder for yourselves. And (L)you shall enjoy the spoil of your enemies, which the Lord your God has given you. 15 Thus you shall do to all the cities that are very far from you, which are not cities of the nations here. 16 But (M)in the cities of these peoples that the Lord your God is giving you for an inheritance, you shall save alive nothing that breathes, 17 but (N)you shall devote them to complete destruction,[a] the Hittites and the Amorites, the Canaanites and the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, as the Lord your God has commanded, 18 that (O)they may not teach you to do according to all their abominable practices that they have done for their gods, and so you (P)sin against the Lord your God.
19 “When you besiege a city for a long time, making war against it in order to take it, (Q)you shall not destroy its trees by wielding an axe against them. You may eat from them, but you shall not cut them down. Are the trees in the field human, that they should be besieged by you? 20 Only the trees that you know are not trees for food you may destroy and cut down, that you may build siegeworks against the city that makes war with you, until it falls.
Footnotes
- Deuteronomy 20:17 That is, set apart (devote) as an offering to the Lord (for destruction)
Deuteronomy 20
BRG Bible
20 When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the Lord thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
2 And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,
3 And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them;
4 For the Lord your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.
5 ¶ And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.
6 And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it.
7 And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.
8 And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren’s heart faint as well as his heart.
9 And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.
10 ¶ When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.
11 And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee.
12 And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it:
13 And when the Lord thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword:
14 But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the Lord thy God hath given thee.
15 Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.
16 But of the cities of these people, which the Lord thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:
17 But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee:
18 That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the Lord your God.
19 ¶ When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man’s life) to employ them in the siege:
20 Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.
5 Mose 20
Schlachter 2000
Kriegsgesetze
20 Wenn du gegen deinen Feind in den Krieg ziehst und Rosse und Streitwagen siehst, ein Volk, das größer ist als du, so fürchte dich nicht vor ihnen; denn der Herr, dein Gott, der dich aus dem Land Ägypten heraufgeführt hat, ist mit dir.
2 Wenn es nun zur Schlacht kommt, so soll der Priester herzutreten und mit dem Volk reden,
3 und er soll zu ihm sagen: Höre, Israel: Ihr zieht heute in den Kampf gegen eure Feinde; euer Herz verzage nicht! Fürchtet euch nicht und erschreckt nicht und lasst euch nicht vor ihnen grauen!
4 Denn der Herr, euer Gott, geht mit euch, um für euch mit euren Feinden zu kämpfen, um euch zu helfen.
5 Und die Vorsteher sollen mit dem Volk reden und sagen: Ist ein Mann unter euch, der ein neues Haus gebaut und es noch nicht eingeweiht hat? Er gehe hin und kehre in sein Haus zurück, damit er nicht im Krieg umkommt und ein anderer es einweiht!
6 Ist ein Mann unter euch, der einen Weinberg gepflanzt und ihn noch nie abgelesen hat? Er gehe hin und kehre wieder in sein Haus zurück, damit er nicht im Krieg umkommt und ein anderer die erste Lese hält!
7 Ist ein Mann unter euch, der sich mit einer Frau verlobt und sie noch nicht heimgeführt hat? Er gehe hin und kehre wieder in sein Haus zurück, damit er nicht im Krieg umkommt und ein anderer sie heimführt!
8 Und die Vorsteher sollen weiter mit dem Volk reden und sagen: Wer sich fürchtet und ein verzagtes Herz hat, der gehe hin und kehre wieder in sein Haus zurück, damit er nicht auch das Herz seiner Brüder so verzagt mache, wie sein Herz ist!
9 Und wenn die Vorsteher aufgehört haben, zu dem Volk zu reden, so sollen sie Heerführer an die Spitze des Volkes stellen.
10 Wenn du vor eine Stadt ziehst, um gegen sie Krieg zu führen, so sollst du ihr Frieden anbieten.
11 Antwortet sie dir friedlich und öffnet sie dir [die Tore], so soll das ganze Volk, das darin gefunden wird, dir fronpflichtig und dienstbar sein.
12 Will sie aber nicht friedlich mit dir unterhandeln, sondern mit dir Krieg führen, so belagere sie.
13 Und wenn der Herr, dein Gott, sie dir in die Hand gibt, so sollst du alle ihre männlichen Einwohner mit der Schärfe des Schwertes schlagen;
14 aber die Frauen und die Kinder und das Vieh und alles, was in der Stadt ist, und allen Raub sollst du dir zur Beute nehmen und sollst essen von der Beute deiner Feinde, die der Herr, dein Gott, dir gegeben hat.
15 So sollst du es mit allen Städten machen, die sehr fern von dir liegen und nicht zu den Städten dieser Völker hier gehören.
16 Aber in den Städten dieser Völker, die der Herr, dein Gott, dir zum Erbe geben wird, sollst du nichts leben lassen, was Odem hat,
17 sondern du sollst unbedingt an ihnen den Bann vollstrecken, nämlich an den Hetitern, Amoritern, Kanaanitern, Pheresitern, Hewitern und Jebusitern — so wie es der Herr, dein Gott, dir geboten hat,
18 damit sie euch nicht lehren, alle ihre Gräuel zu verüben[a], die sie für ihre Götter verübt haben, und ihr euch so versündigt an dem Herrn, eurem Gott.
19 Wenn du eine Stadt, gegen die du Krieg führst, längere Zeit belagern musst, um sie einzunehmen, so sollst du ihre Bäume nicht verderben, indem du die Axt daran legst; denn du kannst davon essen und brauchst sie nicht abzuhauen. Ist denn der Baum des Feldes ein Mensch, dass er von dir mit in die Belagerung einbezogen wird?
20 Nur die Bäume, von denen du weißt, dass man nicht davon isst, die darfst du verderben und umhauen und Bollwerke daraus bauen gegen die Stadt, die mit dir Krieg führt, bis du sie überwältigt hast.
Footnotes
- (20,18) od. nachzumachen.
Deuteronomy 20
King James Version
20 When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the Lord thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
2 And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,
3 And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them;
4 For the Lord your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.
5 And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.
6 And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it.
7 And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.
8 And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren's heart faint as well as his heart.
9 And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.
10 When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.
11 And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee.
12 And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it:
13 And when the Lord thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword:
14 But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the Lord thy God hath given thee.
15 Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.
16 But of the cities of these people, which the Lord thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:
17 But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee:
18 That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the Lord your God.
19 When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man's life) to employ them in the siege:
20 Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.
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