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En tillbakablick på vandringen

Därefter vände vi tillbaka genom öknen mot Sävhavet, så som Herren hade sagt till mig. Under en lång tid vandrade vi omkring i området kring berget Seir. Sedan sa Herren till mig:

”Nu har ni vandrat omkring här i bergen länge nog! Vänd norrut och säg till folket att det ska gå genom det land som tillhör deras bröder, Esaus ättlingar, som bor i Seir. Edoméerna kommer att bli rädda för er, men var ändå försiktiga. Ge dem ingen anledning till strid! Jag har nämligen gett dem hela Seirs bergsbygd som deras eget område och ni kommer inte att få den minsta lilla bit av deras land. Betala dem för den mat och det vatten ni använder. Herren, din Gud, har välsignat dig i allt som du företagit dig och vakat över dig under de fyrtio år du vandrat omkring i denna väldiga öken. I fyrtio år har Herren, din Gud, varit med dig och du har aldrig behövt sakna något.”

Vi vandrade alltså fram bland våra bröder Esaus ättlingar som bodde i Seir och lämnade sedan Aravavägen, bort från Elat och Esjon-Gever och tog vägen mot Moabs öken.

Då sa Herren: ”Anfall inte moabiterna, strid inte mot dem, för jag tänker inte ge er något av deras land. Ar har jag nämligen gett till Lots ättlingar.” 10 (Eméerna, ett stort och talrikt folk, hade bott där tidigare. De är lika storvuxna som Anaks folk. 11 Både eméerna och anakiterna räknas som refaéer, men moabiterna kallade dem eméer. 12 Tidigare hade horéerna bott i Seir, men de hade drivits ut av Esaus ättlingar som förgjorde dem och bosatte sig där. På samma sätt gjorde Israel i det land som Herren hade gett dem som egendom.)

13 ”Gå nu över floddalen Sered”, sa Herren, och vi gjorde så.

14 Det tog oss trettioåtta år att komma från Kadesh Barnea till Sereddalen där vi gick över floden Sered. Då hade alla stridsdugliga män i den förra generationen dött, så som Herren hade sagt. 15 Ja, Herren var mot dem, han fortsatte att utplåna dem ur lägret och till slut var alla döda.

16 När den siste av krigarna bland folket hade dött, 17 sa Herren till mig:

18 ”Idag ska du gå över gränsen till Moabs område, Ar. 19 När du kommer till ammoniternas land ska du inte utmana eller anfalla dem, för jag tänker inte ge dig någon del av deras land. Det har jag gett till Lots ättlingar[a].”

20 (Även detta land betraktas som refaeiskt. Området hade tidigare varit bebott av refaéerna, som ammoniterna kallade samsumméer. 21 De var stora och talrika, lika storvuxna som anakiterna. Men Herren förgjorde dem för ammoniterna som fördrev dem och bosatte sig i landet. 22 På samma sätt hade Herren gjort med Esaus ättlingar i Seir, där han förgjorde horéerna för dem. De fördrev dem och har sedan dess varit bosatta där. 23 På samma sätt blev det när kaftoréerna[b] kom från Kaftor och invaderade och förgjorde avvéerna som bodde i byar utspridda ända bort till Gaza och bosatte sig där.)

En tillbakablick på striderna

Segern över kung Sichon

(4 Mos 21:21-30)

24 ”Gå över floden Arnon, för jag har överlämnat amoréen Sichon, kungen i Heshbon, och hans land åt dig. Börja inta det och strid mot honom! 25 Från och med idag ska jag låta alla folk på jorden darra av fruktan när de hör talas om dig.”

26 Då sände jag budbärare från Kedemots öken till kung Sichon i Heshbon med en fredlig hälsning: 27 ”Låt oss få vandra genom ditt land. Vi ska hålla oss till huvudvägen och inte vika av vare sig åt höger eller vänster. 28 Vi ska betala för allt vi äter och dricker. Det enda vi begär är att få vandra genom ditt land, 29 på samma sätt som Esaus ättlingar i Seir och moabiterna i Ar lät oss göra. Vi ska gå över Jordan och in i det land som Herren, vår Gud, vill ge oss.”

30 Men kung Sichon i Heshbon vägrade och lät oss inte gå genom hans land, eftersom Herren, din Gud, gjorde honom envis och hårdhjärtad, så att han skulle kunna överlämna Sichon åt dig. Och precis så blev det.

31 Sedan sa Herren till mig: ”Jag börjar med att ge dig Sichon och hans land. Börja erövringen och ta hans land i besittning!”

32 Sichon förklarade krig mot oss och mobiliserade sina styrkor vid Jahas. 33 Men Herren, vår Gud, överlämnade honom åt oss och vi slog honom, hans söner och hela hans folk. 34 Vi intog alla hans städer och vigde alla åt förintelse, även kvinnor och barn. Vi lät inte någon överleva. 35 Men boskapen tog vi som byte tillsammans med det vi funnit i de städer vi erövrat. 36 Från Aroer, som ligger vid floden Arnons strand, och från staden i dalen och ända till Gilead fanns inte en enda stad som var för starkt befäst för oss. Herren, vår Gud, gav oss alltsammans. 37 Men ammoniternas land lämnade du i fred, hela området från floden Jabbok och städerna i bergsbygden, precis som Herren, vår Gud, hade befallt.

Footnotes

  1. 2:19 Moabiterna och ammoniterna var avkomlingar till de söner Lot fick med sina båda döttrar. Se 1 Mos 19:36-38.
  2. 2:23 Befolkning på Kreta.

Wanderings in the Wilderness

Then we turned back and set out toward the wilderness along the route to the Red Sea,[a](A) as the Lord had directed me. For a long time we made our way around the hill country of Seir.(B)

Then the Lord said to me, “You have made your way around this hill country long enough;(C) now turn north. Give the people these orders:(D) ‘You are about to pass through the territory of your relatives the descendants of Esau,(E) who live in Seir.(F) They will be afraid(G) of you, but be very careful. Do not provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of their land, not even enough to put your foot on. I have given Esau the hill country of Seir as his own.(H) You are to pay them in silver for the food you eat and the water you drink.’”

The Lord your God has blessed you in all the work of your hands. He has watched(I) over your journey through this vast wilderness.(J) These forty years(K) the Lord your God has been with you, and you have not lacked anything.(L)

So we went on past our relatives the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. We turned from(M) the Arabah(N) road, which comes up from Elath and Ezion Geber,(O) and traveled along the desert road of Moab.(P)

Then the Lord said to me, “Do not harass the Moabites or provoke them to war, for I will not give you any part of their land. I have given Ar(Q) to the descendants of Lot(R) as a possession.”

10 (The Emites(S) used to live there—a people strong and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.(T) 11 Like the Anakites, they too were considered Rephaites,(U) but the Moabites called them Emites. 12 Horites(V) used to live in Seir, but the descendants of Esau drove them out. They destroyed the Horites from before them and settled in their place, just as Israel did(W) in the land the Lord gave them as their possession.)

13 And the Lord said, “Now get up and cross the Zered Valley.(X)” So we crossed the valley.

14 Thirty-eight years(Y) passed from the time we left Kadesh Barnea(Z) until we crossed the Zered Valley. By then, that entire generation(AA) of fighting men had perished from the camp, as the Lord had sworn to them.(AB) 15 The Lord’s hand was against them until he had completely eliminated(AC) them from the camp.

16 Now when the last of these fighting men among the people had died, 17 the Lord said to me, 18 “Today you are to pass by the region of Moab at Ar.(AD) 19 When you come to the Ammonites,(AE) do not harass them or provoke them to war,(AF) for I will not give you possession of any land belonging to the Ammonites. I have given it as a possession to the descendants of Lot.(AG)

20 (That too was considered a land of the Rephaites,(AH) who used to live there; but the Ammonites called them Zamzummites. 21 They were a people strong and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.(AI) The Lord destroyed them from before the Ammonites, who drove them out and settled in their place. 22 The Lord had done the same for the descendants of Esau, who lived in Seir,(AJ) when he destroyed the Horites from before them. They drove them out and have lived in their place to this day. 23 And as for the Avvites(AK) who lived in villages as far as Gaza,(AL) the Caphtorites(AM) coming out from Caphtor[b](AN) destroyed them and settled in their place.)

Defeat of Sihon King of Heshbon

24 “Set out now and cross the Arnon Gorge.(AO) See, I have given into your hand Sihon the Amorite,(AP) king of Heshbon, and his country. Begin to take possession of it and engage(AQ) him in battle. 25 This very day I will begin to put the terror(AR) and fear(AS) of you on all the nations under heaven. They will hear reports of you and will tremble(AT) and be in anguish because of you.”

26 From the Desert of Kedemoth(AU) I sent messengers to Sihon(AV) king of Heshbon offering peace(AW) and saying, 27 “Let us pass through your country. We will stay on the main road; we will not turn aside to the right or to the left.(AX) 28 Sell us food to eat(AY) and water to drink for their price in silver. Only let us pass through on foot(AZ) 29 as the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir, and the Moabites, who live in Ar, did for us—until we cross the Jordan into the land the Lord our God is giving us.” 30 But Sihon king of Heshbon refused to let us pass through. For the Lord(BA) your God had made his spirit stubborn(BB) and his heart obstinate(BC) in order to give him into your hands,(BD) as he has now done.

31 The Lord said to me, “See, I have begun to deliver Sihon and his country over to you. Now begin to conquer and possess his land.”(BE)

32 When Sihon and all his army came out to meet us in battle(BF) at Jahaz, 33 the Lord our God delivered(BG) him over to us and we struck him down,(BH) together with his sons and his whole army. 34 At that time we took all his towns and completely destroyed[c](BI) them—men, women and children. We left no survivors. 35 But the livestock(BJ) and the plunder(BK) from the towns we had captured we carried off for ourselves. 36 From Aroer(BL) on the rim of the Arnon Gorge, and from the town in the gorge, even as far as Gilead,(BM) not one town was too strong for us. The Lord our God gave(BN) us all of them. 37 But in accordance with the command of the Lord our God,(BO) you did not encroach on any of the land of the Ammonites,(BP) neither the land along the course of the Jabbok(BQ) nor that around the towns in the hills.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 2:1 Or the Sea of Reeds
  2. Deuteronomy 2:23 That is, Crete
  3. Deuteronomy 2:34 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.

Then we turned, and took our journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea, as the Lord spake unto me: and we compassed mount Seir many days.

And the Lord spake unto me, saying,

Ye have compassed this mountain long enough: turn you northward.

And command thou the people, saying, Ye are to pass through the coast of your brethren the children of Esau, which dwell in Seir; and they shall be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore:

Meddle not with them; for I will not give you of their land, no, not so much as a foot breadth; because I have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession.

Ye shall buy meat of them for money, that ye may eat; and ye shall also buy water of them for money, that ye may drink.

For the Lord thy God hath blessed thee in all the works of thy hand: he knoweth thy walking through this great wilderness: these forty years the Lord thy God hath been with thee; thou hast lacked nothing.

And when we passed by from our brethren the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, through the way of the plain from Elath, and from Eziongaber, we turned and passed by the way of the wilderness of Moab.

And the Lord said unto me, Distress not the Moabites, neither contend with them in battle: for I will not give thee of their land for a possession; because I have given Ar unto the children of Lot for a possession.

10 The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims;

11 Which also were accounted giants, as the Anakims; but the Moabites called them Emims.

12 The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the Lord gave unto them.

13 Now rise up, said I, and get you over the brook Zered. And we went over the brook Zered.

14 And the space in which we came from Kadeshbarnea, until we were come over the brook Zered, was thirty and eight years; until all the generation of the men of war were wasted out from among the host, as the Lord sware unto them.

15 For indeed the hand of the Lord was against them, to destroy them from among the host, until they were consumed.

16 So it came to pass, when all the men of war were consumed and dead from among the people,

17 That the Lord spake unto me, saying,

18 Thou art to pass over through Ar, the coast of Moab, this day:

19 And when thou comest nigh over against the children of Ammon, distress them not, nor meddle with them: for I will not give thee of the land of the children of Ammon any possession; because I have given it unto the children of Lot for a possession.

20 (That also was accounted a land of giants: giants dwelt therein in old time; and the Ammonites call them Zamzummims;

21 A people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims; but the Lord destroyed them before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead:

22 As he did to the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, when he destroyed the Horims from before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead even unto this day:

23 And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)

24 Rise ye up, take your journey, and pass over the river Arnon: behold, I have given into thine hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land: begin to possess it, and contend with him in battle.

25 This day will I begin to put the dread of thee and the fear of thee upon the nations that are under the whole heaven, who shall hear report of thee, and shall tremble, and be in anguish because of thee.

26 And I sent messengers out of the wilderness of Kedemoth unto Sihon king of Heshbon with words of peace, saying,

27 Let me pass through thy land: I will go along by the high way, I will neither turn unto the right hand nor to the left.

28 Thou shalt sell me meat for money, that I may eat; and give me water for money, that I may drink: only I will pass through on my feet;

29 (As the children of Esau which dwell in Seir, and the Moabites which dwell in Ar, did unto me;) until I shall pass over Jordan into the land which the Lord our God giveth us.

30 But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the Lord thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.

31 And the Lord said unto me, Behold, I have begun to give Sihon and his land before thee: begin to possess, that thou mayest inherit his land.

32 Then Sihon came out against us, he and all his people, to fight at Jahaz.

33 And the Lord our God delivered him before us; and we smote him, and his sons, and all his people.

34 And we took all his cities at that time, and utterly destroyed the men, and the women, and the little ones, of every city, we left none to remain:

35 Only the cattle we took for a prey unto ourselves, and the spoil of the cities which we took.

36 From Aroer, which is by the brink of the river of Arnon, and from the city that is by the river, even unto Gilead, there was not one city too strong for us: the Lord our God delivered all unto us:

37 Only unto the land of the children of Ammon thou camest not, nor unto any place of the river Jabbok, nor unto the cities in the mountains, nor unto whatsoever the Lord our God forbad us.