Wanderings in the Wilderness

Then we turned back and set out toward the wilderness along the route to the Red Sea,[a](A) as the Lord had directed me. For a long time we made our way around the hill country of Seir.(B)

Then the Lord said to me, “You have made your way around this hill country long enough;(C) now turn north. Give the people these orders:(D) ‘You are about to pass through the territory of your relatives the descendants of Esau,(E) who live in Seir.(F) They will be afraid(G) of you, but be very careful. Do not provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of their land, not even enough to put your foot on. I have given Esau the hill country of Seir as his own.(H) You are to pay them in silver for the food you eat and the water you drink.’”

The Lord your God has blessed you in all the work of your hands. He has watched(I) over your journey through this vast wilderness.(J) These forty years(K) the Lord your God has been with you, and you have not lacked anything.(L)

So we went on past our relatives the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. We turned from(M) the Arabah(N) road, which comes up from Elath and Ezion Geber,(O) and traveled along the desert road of Moab.(P)

Then the Lord said to me, “Do not harass the Moabites or provoke them to war, for I will not give you any part of their land. I have given Ar(Q) to the descendants of Lot(R) as a possession.”

10 (The Emites(S) used to live there—a people strong and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.(T) 11 Like the Anakites, they too were considered Rephaites,(U) but the Moabites called them Emites. 12 Horites(V) used to live in Seir, but the descendants of Esau drove them out. They destroyed the Horites from before them and settled in their place, just as Israel did(W) in the land the Lord gave them as their possession.)

13 And the Lord said, “Now get up and cross the Zered Valley.(X)” So we crossed the valley.

14 Thirty-eight years(Y) passed from the time we left Kadesh Barnea(Z) until we crossed the Zered Valley. By then, that entire generation(AA) of fighting men had perished from the camp, as the Lord had sworn to them.(AB) 15 The Lord’s hand was against them until he had completely eliminated(AC) them from the camp.

16 Now when the last of these fighting men among the people had died, 17 the Lord said to me, 18 “Today you are to pass by the region of Moab at Ar.(AD) 19 When you come to the Ammonites,(AE) do not harass them or provoke them to war,(AF) for I will not give you possession of any land belonging to the Ammonites. I have given it as a possession to the descendants of Lot.(AG)

20 (That too was considered a land of the Rephaites,(AH) who used to live there; but the Ammonites called them Zamzummites. 21 They were a people strong and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.(AI) The Lord destroyed them from before the Ammonites, who drove them out and settled in their place. 22 The Lord had done the same for the descendants of Esau, who lived in Seir,(AJ) when he destroyed the Horites from before them. They drove them out and have lived in their place to this day. 23 And as for the Avvites(AK) who lived in villages as far as Gaza,(AL) the Caphtorites(AM) coming out from Caphtor[b](AN) destroyed them and settled in their place.)

Defeat of Sihon King of Heshbon

24 “Set out now and cross the Arnon Gorge.(AO) See, I have given into your hand Sihon the Amorite,(AP) king of Heshbon, and his country. Begin to take possession of it and engage(AQ) him in battle. 25 This very day I will begin to put the terror(AR) and fear(AS) of you on all the nations under heaven. They will hear reports of you and will tremble(AT) and be in anguish because of you.”

26 From the Desert of Kedemoth(AU) I sent messengers to Sihon(AV) king of Heshbon offering peace(AW) and saying, 27 “Let us pass through your country. We will stay on the main road; we will not turn aside to the right or to the left.(AX) 28 Sell us food to eat(AY) and water to drink for their price in silver. Only let us pass through on foot(AZ) 29 as the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir, and the Moabites, who live in Ar, did for us—until we cross the Jordan into the land the Lord our God is giving us.” 30 But Sihon king of Heshbon refused to let us pass through. For the Lord(BA) your God had made his spirit stubborn(BB) and his heart obstinate(BC) in order to give him into your hands,(BD) as he has now done.

31 The Lord said to me, “See, I have begun to deliver Sihon and his country over to you. Now begin to conquer and possess his land.”(BE)

32 When Sihon and all his army came out to meet us in battle(BF) at Jahaz, 33 the Lord our God delivered(BG) him over to us and we struck him down,(BH) together with his sons and his whole army. 34 At that time we took all his towns and completely destroyed[c](BI) them—men, women and children. We left no survivors. 35 But the livestock(BJ) and the plunder(BK) from the towns we had captured we carried off for ourselves. 36 From Aroer(BL) on the rim of the Arnon Gorge, and from the town in the gorge, even as far as Gilead,(BM) not one town was too strong for us. The Lord our God gave(BN) us all of them. 37 But in accordance with the command of the Lord our God,(BO) you did not encroach on any of the land of the Ammonites,(BP) neither the land along the course of the Jabbok(BQ) nor that around the towns in the hills.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 2:1 Or the Sea of Reeds
  2. Deuteronomy 2:23 That is, Crete
  3. Deuteronomy 2:34 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.

The Wilderness Years

“Then we turned and journeyed into the wilderness in the direction of the Red Sea, (A)as the Lord told me. And for many days we traveled around Mount Seir. Then the Lord said to me, ‘You have been traveling around this mountain country (B)long enough. Turn northward and command the people, “You are about to pass through the territory of (C)your brothers, the people of Esau, (D)who live in Seir; and (E)they will be afraid of you. So be very careful. Do not contend with them, for I will not give you any of their land, no, not so much as for the sole of the foot to tread on, because (F)I have given Mount Seir to Esau as a possession. (G)You shall purchase food from them with money, that you may eat, and you shall also buy water from them with money, that you may drink. For the Lord your God has blessed you in all the work of your hands. (H)He knows your going through this great wilderness. (I)These forty years the Lord your God has been with you. You have lacked nothing.”’ So (J)we went on, away from our brothers, the people of Esau, who live in Seir, away from (K)the Arabah road from (L)Elath and (M)Ezion-geber.

“And we turned and went in the direction of the wilderness of Moab. And the Lord said to me, (N)‘Do not harass Moab or contend with them in battle, for I will not give you any of their land for a possession, because I have given (O)Ar to (P)the people of Lot for a possession.’ 10 ((Q)The Emim formerly lived there, (R)a people great and many, and tall (S)as the Anakim. 11 Like the Anakim they are also counted as (T)Rephaim, but the Moabites call them Emim. 12 (U)The Horites also lived in Seir formerly, but the people of Esau dispossessed them and destroyed them from before them and settled in their place, (V)as Israel did to the land of their possession, which the Lord gave to them.) 13 ‘Now rise up and go over (W)the brook Zered.’ So we went over (X)the brook Zered. 14 And the time from our leaving (Y)Kadesh-barnea until we crossed (Z)the brook Zered was thirty-eight years, (AA)until the entire generation, that is, the men of war, had perished from the camp, as the Lord had sworn to them. 15 For indeed the hand of the Lord was against them, to destroy them from the camp, until they had perished.

16 “So as soon as all the men of war had perished and were dead from among the people, 17 the Lord said to me, 18 ‘Today you are to cross the border of Moab at Ar. 19 And when you approach the territory of the people of Ammon, (AB)do not harass them or contend with them, for I will not give you any of the land of the people of Ammon as a possession, because I have given it to (AC)the sons of Lot for a possession.’ 20 (It is also counted as a land of (AD)Rephaim. Rephaim formerly lived there—but the Ammonites call them Zamzummim— 21 (AE)a people great and many, and tall as the Anakim; but the Lord destroyed them before the Ammonites,[a] and they dispossessed them and settled in their place, 22 as he did for the people of Esau, who live in Seir, when he destroyed (AF)the Horites before them and they dispossessed them and settled in their place even to this day. 23 As for (AG)the Avvim, who lived in villages as far as (AH)Gaza, (AI)the Caphtorim, who came from Caphtor, destroyed them and settled in their place.) 24 ‘Rise up, set out on your journey and (AJ)go over the Valley of the Arnon. Behold, I have given into your hand Sihon the Amorite, king of (AK)Heshbon, and his land. Begin to take possession, and (AL)contend with him in battle. 25 This day I will begin to put (AM)the dread and fear of you on the peoples who are under the whole heaven, who shall hear the report of you and shall tremble and be in anguish because of you.’

The Defeat of King Sihon

26 “So I sent messengers from the wilderness of (AN)Kedemoth to Sihon the king of (AO)Heshbon, (AP)with words of peace, saying, 27 (AQ)‘Let me pass through your land. I will go only by the road; I will turn aside neither to the right nor to the left. 28 (AR)You shall sell me food for money, that I may eat, and give me water for money, that I may drink. Only let me pass through on foot, 29 (AS)as the sons of Esau who live in Seir and the Moabites who live in Ar did for me, until I go over the Jordan into the land that the Lord our God is giving to us.’ 30 But (AT)Sihon the king of (AU)Heshbon would not let us pass by him, for the Lord your God (AV)hardened his spirit and made his heart obstinate, that he might give him into your hand, as he is this day. 31 And the Lord said to me, ‘Behold, I have begun to give Sihon and his land over to you. Begin to take possession, that you may occupy his land.’ 32 Then (AW)Sihon came out against us, he and all his people, to battle at Jahaz. 33 And (AX)the Lord our God gave him over to us, and (AY)we defeated him and his sons and all his people. 34 And we captured all his cities at that time and devoted to destruction[b] every (AZ)city, men, women, and children. We left no survivors. 35 Only the livestock we took as spoil for ourselves, with the plunder of the cities that we captured. 36 (BA)From Aroer, which is on the edge of the Valley of the Arnon, and from (BB)the city that is in the valley, as far as Gilead, there was not a city too high for us. (BC)The Lord our God gave all into our hands. 37 Only to the land of the sons of Ammon you did not draw near, that is, to all the banks of the river (BD)Jabbok and the cities of the hill country, whatever the Lord our God had forbidden us.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 2:21 Hebrew them
  2. Deuteronomy 2:34 That is, set apart (devoted) as an offering to the Lord (for destruction)

Marches et conflits dans le désert

»Nous nous sommes tournés et sommes partis pour le désert en empruntant le chemin de la mer des Roseaux, comme l'Eternel me l'avait ordonné. Nous avons tourné longtemps autour de la région montagneuse de Séir.

»L'Eternel m’a dit: ‘Vous avez assez longtemps tourné autour de cette région montagneuse. Tournez-vous vers le nord. Donne cet ordre au peuple: Vous allez traverser le territoire de vos frères[a], les descendants d'Esaü qui habitent en Séir. Ils auront peur de vous, mais tenez-vous bien sur vos gardes. Ne les attaquez pas, car je ne vous donnerai dans leur pays pas même de quoi poser la plante du pied. En effet, c’est à Esaü que j'ai donné la région montagneuse de Séir en propriété. Vous leur achèterez à prix d'argent la nourriture que vous mangerez et même l'eau que vous boirez.’ En effet, l'Eternel, ton Dieu, t'a béni dans tout le travail de tes mains, il était attentif à ton parcours dans ce grand désert. Voilà 40 ans que l'Eternel, ton Dieu, est avec toi: tu n'as manqué de rien.

»Nous sommes passés à distance de nos frères, les descendants d'Esaü, qui habitent en Séir et à distance du chemin de la plaine, d'Elath et d'Etsjon-Guéber, puis nous nous sommes tournés vers le nord et nous avons pris la direction du désert de Moab.

»L'Eternel m’a dit: ‘N'attaque pas Moab et ne t'engage pas dans un combat contre lui, car je ne te donnerai rien à posséder dans son pays: c'est aux descendants de Lot que j'ai donné Ar en propriété. 10 – Les Emim y habitaient auparavant. C'était un peuple grand, nombreux et de haute taille, comme les Anakim. 11 Ils passaient aussi pour être des Rephaïm, de même que les Anakim; mais les Moabites les appelaient Emim. 12 Séir était habité autrefois par les Horiens. Les descendants d'Esaü les avaient chassés et détruits devant eux, et ils s’étaient installés à leur place, comme l'a fait Israël dans le pays qu'il possède parce que l'Eternel le lui a donné. – 13 Maintenant levez-vous et passez le torrent de Zéred.’ Nous avons passé le torrent de Zéred.

14 »Notre parcours de Kadès-Barnéa jusqu’au passage du torrent de Zéred a duré 38 ans, jusqu'à ce que toute la génération des hommes de guerre ait disparu du camp, comme l'Eternel le leur avait juré. 15 L'Eternel a lui-même porté la main contre eux pour les éliminer du camp jusqu'à leur complète disparition.

16 »Une fois que la mort a fait disparaître tous les hommes de guerre du milieu du peuple, 17 l'Eternel m’a dit: 18 ‘Tu vas aujourd'hui traverser le territoire de Moab en passant à Ar 19 et tu t’approcheras des Ammonites. Ne les attaque pas et ne t'engage pas dans un combat contre eux, car je ne te donnerai rien à posséder dans le pays des Ammonites: c'est aux descendants de Lot que je l'ai donné en propriété. 20 – Ce pays passait aussi pour être un pays de Rephaïm. Des Rephaïm y habitaient auparavant et les Ammonites les appelaient Zamzummim: 21 c'était un peuple grand, nombreux et de haute taille, comme les Anakim. L'Eternel les avait détruits devant les Ammonites, qui les avaient chassés et s’étaient installés à leur place. 22 C'est de la même manière que l'Eternel avait agi pour les descendants d'Esaü qui habitent en Séir, quand il avait détruit les Horiens devant eux; ils les avaient chassés et s’étaient installés à leur place jusqu'à aujourd’hui. 23 Les Avviens, qui habitaient dans des villages jusqu'à Gaza, avaient été détruits par les Caphtorim, venus de Caphtor, qui s’étaient installés à leur place. – 24 Levez-vous, partez et passez le torrent de l'Arnon. Regarde, je livre entre tes mains l’Amoréen Sihon, roi de Hesbon, et son pays. Commence la conquête, fais-lui la guerre! 25 Je vais répandre dès aujourd'hui la frayeur et la peur vis-à-vis de toi sur tous les peuples qui sont sous le ciel. A la seule mention de ton nom, ils trembleront et seront saisis d'angoisse à cause de toi.’

Conquête du royaume de Sihon

26 »Du désert de Kedémoth, j’ai envoyé des messagers porteurs de paroles de paix à Sihon, le roi de Hesbon. Je lui ai fait dire: 27 ‘Laisse-moi passer par ton pays. Je suivrai la grande route sans m'en écarter ni à droite ni à gauche. 28 Tu me vendras à prix d'argent la nourriture que je mangerai et tu me donneras à prix d'argent l'eau que je boirai. Je ne ferai que passer. 29 C'est ce que m'ont permis de faire les descendants d'Esaü qui habitent en Séir et les Moabites qui demeurent à Ar. Permets-le aussi, jusqu'à ce que j’aie passé le Jourdain pour entrer dans le pays que l'Eternel, notre Dieu, nous donne.’ 30 Mais Sihon, roi de Hesbon, n’a pas voulu nous laisser passer chez lui. En effet, l'Eternel, ton Dieu, a rendu son esprit inflexible et a endurci son cœur afin de le livrer entre tes mains, comme tu le vois aujourd'hui. 31 L'Eternel m’a dit: ‘Regarde, je te livre dès maintenant Sihon et son pays.’

32 »Sihon est sorti à notre rencontre avec tout son peuple pour nous combattre à Jahats. 33 L'Eternel, notre Dieu, nous l’a livré et nous l’avons battu, lui, ses fils et tout son peuple. 34 Nous avons alors pris toutes ses villes et nous les avons vouées à la destruction, hommes, femmes et petits enfants, sans laisser un seul survivant. 35 Seulement, nous avons pillé pour nous le bétail et le butin des villes que nous avions prises. 36 Depuis Aroër sur les bords du torrent de l'Arnon et la ville qui se trouve dans la vallée jusqu'à Galaad, il n'y a pas eu de ville trop forte pour nous: l'Eternel, notre Dieu, nous a tout livré. 37 Mais tu ne t’es pas approché du pays des Ammonites, de tous les bords du torrent du Jabbok, des villes de la montagne, de tous les endroits que l'Eternel, notre Dieu, t'avait défendu d'attaquer.

Footnotes

  1. Deutéronome 2:4 Vos frères: ancêtre des Edomites, Esaü était le frère jumeau de Jacob, l’ancêtre d’Israël.