Deuteronomy 17
New English Translation
17 You must not sacrifice to him[a] a bull or sheep that has a blemish or any other defect, because that is considered offensive[b] to the Lord your God. 2 Suppose a man or woman is discovered among you in one of your villages[c] that the Lord your God is giving you who sins before the Lord your God[d] and breaks his covenant 3 by serving other gods and worshiping them—the sun,[e] moon, or any other heavenly bodies that I have not permitted you to worship.[f] 4 When it is reported to you and you hear about it, you must investigate carefully. If it is indeed true that such a disgraceful thing[g] is being done in Israel, 5 you must bring to your city gates[h] that man or woman who has done this wicked thing—that very man or woman—and you must stone that person to death.[i] 6 At the testimony of two or three witnesses the person must be executed. They cannot be put to death on the testimony of only one witness. 7 The witnesses[j] must be first to begin the execution, and then all the people[k] are to join in afterward. In this way you will purge the evil from among you.
Appeal to a Higher Court
8 If a matter is too difficult for you to judge—bloodshed,[l] legal claim,[m] or assault[n]—matters of controversy in your villages[o]—you must leave there and go up to the place the Lord your God chooses.[p] 9 You will go to the Levitical priests and the judge in office in those days and seek a solution; they will render a verdict. 10 You must then do as they have determined at that place the Lord chooses. Be careful to do just as you are taught. 11 You must do what you are instructed, and the verdict they pronounce to you, without fail. Do not deviate right or left from what they tell you. 12 The person who pays no attention[q] to the priest currently serving the Lord your God there, or to the judge—that person must die, so that you may purge evil from Israel. 13 Then all the people will hear and be afraid, and not be so presumptuous again.
Provision for Kingship
14 When you come to the land the Lord your God is giving you and take it over and live in it and then say, “I will select a king like all the nations surrounding me,” 15 you must select without fail[r] a king whom the Lord your God chooses. From among your fellow citizens[s] you must appoint a king—you may not designate a foreigner who is not one of your fellow Israelites.[t] 16 Moreover, he must not accumulate horses for himself or allow the people to return to Egypt to do so,[u] for the Lord has said you must never again return that way. 17 Furthermore, he must not marry many[v] wives lest his affections turn aside, and he must not accumulate much silver and gold. 18 When he sits on his royal throne he must make a copy of this law[w] on a scroll[x] given to him by the Levitical priests. 19 It must be with him constantly, and he must read it as long as he lives, so that he may learn to revere the Lord his God and observe all the words of this law and these statutes and carry them out. 20 Then he will not exalt himself above his fellow citizens or turn from the commandments to the right or left, and he and his descendants will enjoy many years ruling over his kingdom[y] in Israel.
Footnotes
- Deuteronomy 17:1 tn Heb “to the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
- Deuteronomy 17:1 tn The Hebrew word תּוֹעֵבָה (toʿevah, “an abomination”; cf. NAB) describes persons, things, or practices offensive to ritual or moral order. See M. Grisanti, NIDOTTE 4:314-18; see also the note on the word “abhorrent” in Deut 7:25.
- Deuteronomy 17:2 tn Heb “gates.”
- Deuteronomy 17:2 tn Heb “does the evil in the eyes of the Lord your God.”
- Deuteronomy 17:3 tc The MT reads “and to the sun,” thus including the sun, the moon, and other heavenly spheres among the gods. However, Theodotion and Lucian read “or to the sun,” suggesting perhaps that the sun and the other heavenly bodies are not in the category of actual deities.
- Deuteronomy 17:3 tn Heb “which I have not commanded you.” The words “to worship” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
- Deuteronomy 17:4 tn Heb “an abomination” (תּוֹעֵבָה); see note on the word “offensive” in v. 1.
- Deuteronomy 17:5 tn Heb “gates.”
- Deuteronomy 17:5 tn Heb “stone them with stones so that they die” (KJV similar); NCV “throw stones at that person until he dies.”
- Deuteronomy 17:7 tn Heb “the hand of the witnesses.” This means the two or three witnesses are to throw the first stones (cf. NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT).
- Deuteronomy 17:7 tn Heb “the hand of all the people.”
- Deuteronomy 17:8 tn Heb “between blood and blood.”
- Deuteronomy 17:8 tn Heb “between claim and claim.”
- Deuteronomy 17:8 tn Heb “between blow and blow.”
- Deuteronomy 17:8 tn Heb “gates.”
- Deuteronomy 17:8 tc Several Greek recensions add “to place his name there,” thus completing the usual formula to describe the central sanctuary (cf. Deut 12:5, 11, 14, 18; 16:6). However, the context suggests that the local Levitical towns, and not the central sanctuary, are in mind.
- Deuteronomy 17:12 tn Heb “who acts presumptuously not to listen” (cf. NASB).
- Deuteronomy 17:15 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, indicated in the translation by the words “without fail.”
- Deuteronomy 17:15 tn Heb “your brothers,” but not referring to siblings (cf. NIV “your brother Israelites”; NLT “a fellow Israelite”). The same phrase also occurs in v. 20.
- Deuteronomy 17:15 tn Heb “your brothers.” See the preceding note on “fellow citizens.”
- Deuteronomy 17:16 tn Heb “in order to multiply horses.” The translation uses “do so” in place of “multiply horses” to avoid redundancy (cf. NAB, NIV).
- Deuteronomy 17:17 tn Heb “must not multiply” (cf. KJV, NASB); NLT “must not take many.”
- Deuteronomy 17:18 tn Or “instruction.” The LXX reads here τὸ δευτερονόμιον τοῦτο (to deuteronomion touto, “this second law”). From this Greek phrase the present name of the book, “Deuteronomy” or “second law” (i.e., the second giving of the law), is derived. However, the MT’s expression מִשְׁנֶה הַתּוֹרָה הַזֹּאת (mishneh hattorah hazzoʾt) is better rendered “copy of this law.” Here the term תּוֹרָה (torah) probably refers only to the book of Deuteronomy and not to the whole Pentateuch.
- Deuteronomy 17:18 tn The Hebrew term סֵפֶר (sefer) means a “writing” or “document” and could be translated “book” (so KJV, ASV, TEV). However, since “book” carries the connotation of a modern bound book with pages (an obvious anachronism) it is preferable to render the Hebrew term “scroll” here and elsewhere.
- Deuteronomy 17:20 tc Heb “upon his kingship.” Smr supplies כִּסֵא (kiseʾ, “throne”) so as to read “upon the throne of his kingship.” This overliteralizes what is a clearly understood figure of speech.
5 Mosebok 17
Det Norsk Bibelselskap 1930
17 Du skal ikke ofre Herren din Gud et stykke storfe eller småfe som har noget lyte eller nogen skade; for det er en vederstyggelighet for Herren din Gud.
2 Dersom der i din midte, i en av de byer som Herren din Gud gir dig, finnes en mann eller kvinne som gjør det som ondt er i Herrens, din Guds øine, så han bryter hans pakt,
3 og han mot mitt bud går bort og dyrker andre guder og tilbeder dem eller solen eller månen eller hele himmelens hær,
4 og dette blir meldt dig, og du får høre om det, da skal du nøie granske saken; og er det da sannhet, er det sikkert og visst at denne vederstyggelighet er gjort i Israel,
5 da skal du føre den mann eller den kvinne som har gjort denne onde gjerning, ut til byens port, og enten det er mann eller kvinne, skal du stene dem, så de dør.
6 Efter to eller tre vidners utsagn skal den late livet som skal dø; han skal ikke late livet bare efter ett vidnes utsagn.
7 Vidnene skal først løfte hånden for å avlive ham, og dernæst hele folket; således skal du rydde det onde bort av din midte.
8 Når en sak er dig for vanskelig å dømme i, enten det gjelder en drapssak eller en rettstrette eller et søksmål for skade på legemet eller i det hele nogen sak som der tvistes om i dine byer, da skal du gjøre dig rede og dra op til det sted Herren din Gud utvelger.
9 Og du skal gå til de levittiske prester og til den som er dommer på den tid, og spørre dig for hos dem, og de skal si dig hvad rett er.
10 Og du skal gjøre efter det de sier dig på det sted Herren utvelger; og du skal i alle stykker akte på å gjøre som de lærer dig.
11 Efter den lov de lærer dig, og efter den dom de forkynner dig, skal du gjøre; du skal ikke vike fra det de sier dig, hverken til høire eller til venstre.
12 Men den mann som er så overmodig at han ikke hører på presten, som står der for å tjene Herren din Gud, eller på dommeren, den mann skal dø; således skal du rydde det onde bort av Israel,
13 og alt folket skal høre det og frykte og ikke mere bære sig overmodig at.
14 Når du kommer inn i det land Herren din Gud gir dig, og du eier det og bor i det, og du så sier: Jeg vil sette en konge over mig, likesom alle de folk som bor rundt omkring mig,
15 da skal du sette den til konge over dig som Herren din Gud utvelger. En av dine brødre skal du sette til konge over dig, du må ikke sette over dig en fremmed mann, en som ikke er din bror.
16 Men han skal ikke holde mange hester og ikke sende folket tilbake til Egypten for å hente mange hester; for Herren har sagt til eder: I skal nu ikke mere vende tilbake den vei.
17 Han skal heller ikke ta sig mange hustruer, forat hans hjerte ikke skal komme på avveie; heller ikke skal han samle sig meget sølv og gull.
18 Når han så sitter på sin kongetrone, da skal han få denne lov hos de levittiske prester og la den skrive av for sig i en bok.
19 Og den skal han ha hos sig og lese i den alle sitt livs dager, forat han kan lære å frykte Herren sin Gud, så han tar vare på alle denne lovs ord og disse forskrifter og holder dem,
20 forat han ikke skal ophøie sig over sine brødre og ikke vike av fra budet, hverken til høire eller til venstre. Da skal han leve lenge som konge i Israel, både han og hans sønner.
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