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Deuteronomy 29-31
Common English Bible

The third heading: The new covenant at Moab

29 [a] These are the words of the covenant the Lord commanded Moses to make with the Israelites in the land of Moab in addition to the covenant he had made with them at Horeb. 2 [b] Moses summoned all Israel, saying to them:

You’ve seen with your own eyes everything the Lord did in Egypt, to Pharaoh, his servants, and all his land— 3 the great trials your eyes witnessed, those awesome signs and wonders! 4 But until this very moment, the Lord hasn’t given you insight to understand, eyes to see, or ears to hear. 5 I’ve led you in the wilderness forty years now; neither the clothes on your back nor the sandals on your feet have worn out. 6 Neither have you eaten bread nor drunk wine or beer during this time—so that you would know that I am the Lord your God.[c] 7 When you arrived here, Sihon, Heshbon’s king, and Og, Bashan’s king, marched out to fight against us, but we defeated them. 8 We took possession of their land and gave it as an inheritance to the Reubenites, Gadites, and half of Manasseh’s tribe. 9 So then keep the words of this covenant and do them so you can succeed in all you do.

10 Right now, all of you are in the presence of the Lord your God—the leaders of your tribes,[d] your elders, and your officials, all the Israelite males, 11 your children, your wives, and the immigrants who live with you in your camp, the ones who chop your wood and those who draw your water— 12 ready to enter into the Lord your God’s covenant and into the agreement that the Lord your God is making with you right now. 13 That means the Lord will make you his own people right now—he will be your God just as he promised you and just as he swore to our ancestors: to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 14 But I’m not making this covenant and this agreement with you alone 15 but also with those standing here with us right now before the Lord our God, and also with those who aren’t here with us right now.

16 You know firsthand how we used to live in Egypt and how we passed right through the nations that you passed through. 17 You saw the horrific things, the filthy idols of wood and stone, silver and gold, that they had with them. 18 Make sure there isn’t any one among you right now—male or female, clan or tribe—whose mind is turning from being with the Lord our God in favor of going to serve these nations’ gods. Make sure there isn’t any root among you that is sprouting poison and bitterness. 19 When that kind of person hears the words of this agreement, they congratulate themselves, thinking: I’ll be fine even though I insist on being stubborn. This would cause something wet to dry up and become like something parched.[e] 20 The Lord won’t be willing to forgive that kind of person; instead, the Lord’s anger and passion will smolder against that person. Every curse written in this scroll will stretch out over them, and the Lord will wipe out their name from under the heavens. 21 Out of all Israel’s tribes, the Lord will single them out for disaster in compliance with all the covenant curses that are written in this Instruction scroll.

22 Future generations, your children after you, or foreigners from distant lands will say: Look[f] at all that land’s plagues and the sicknesses that the Lord laid on it! 23 Look at all its land burned by sulfur and salt, unsuitable for planting, unable to grow or produce any vegetation, as devastated as Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, which the Lord devastated in anger and wrath! 24 Indeed, all nations will ask: Why did the Lord do this to this land? What led to this terrible display of anger? 25 They will deduce: It was because those people abandoned the covenant of the Lord, their ancestors’ God, which he made with them when he brought them out of Egypt. 26 They followed other gods, serving them and worshipping them—other gods that they hadn’t experienced before and that the Lord hadn’t designated for them. 27 Then the Lord’s anger burned against that land, and he brought against it every curse written in this scroll. 28 The Lord ripped them off their land in anger, wrath, and great fury. He threw them into other lands, and that’s how things still stand today.

29 The secret things belong to the Lord our God. The revealed things belong to us and to our children forever: to keep all the words of this covenant.

30 Now, once all these things happen to you, the blessing and the curse that I’m setting before you, you must call them to mind as you sit among the various nations where the Lord your God has driven you; 2 and you must return to the Lord your God, obeying his voice, in line with all that I’m commanding you right now—you and your children—with all your mind and with all your being. 3 Then the Lord your God will restore you as you were before and will have compassion on you, gathering you up from all the peoples where the Lord your God scattered you. 4 Even if he has driven you to the far end of heaven, the Lord your God will gather you up from there; he will take you back from there. 5 The Lord your God will bring you home to the land that your ancestors possessed; you will possess it again. And he will do good things for you and multiply you—making you more numerous even than your ancestors!

6 Then the Lord your God will circumcise your hearts and the hearts of your descendants so that you love the Lord your God with all your mind and with all your being in order that you may live. 7 The Lord your God will put all these curses on your enemies and on those who hate you and chase you. 8 But you will change and obey the Lord’s voice and do all his commandments that I’m commanding you right now. 9 The Lord your God will help you succeed in everything you do—in your own fertility, your livestock’s offspring, and your land’s produce—everything will be great! Because the Lord will once again enjoy doing good things for you just as he enjoyed doing them for your ancestors, 10 and because you will be obeying the Lord your God’s voice, keeping his commandments and his regulations that are written in this Instruction scroll, and because you will have returned to the Lord your God with all your heart and all your being.

11 This commandment that I’m giving you right now is definitely not too difficult for you. It isn’t unreachable. 12 It isn’t up in heaven somewhere so that you have to ask, “Who will go up for us to heaven and get it for us that we can hear it and do it?” 13 Nor is it across the ocean somewhere so that you have to ask, “Who will cross the ocean for us and get it for us that we can hear it and do it?” 14 Not at all! The word is very close to you. It’s in your mouth and in your heart, waiting for you to do it.

Life and death

15 Look here! Today I’ve set before you life and what’s good versus death and what’s wrong. 16 If you obey the Lord your God’s commandments that[g] I’m commanding you right now by loving the Lord your God, by walking in his ways, and by keeping his commandments, his regulations, and his case laws, then you will live and thrive, and the Lord your God will bless you in the land you are entering to possess. 17 But if your heart turns away and you refuse to listen, and so are misled, worshipping other gods and serving them, 18 I’m telling you right now that you will definitely die. You will not prolong your life on the fertile land that you are crossing the Jordan River to enter and possess. 19 I call heaven and earth as my witnesses against you right now: I have set life and death, blessing and curse before you. Now choose life—so that you and your descendants will live— 20 by loving the Lord your God, by obeying his voice, and by clinging to him. That’s how you will survive and live long on the fertile land the Lord swore to give to your ancestors: to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

Moses announces his death

31 Then Moses said[h] these words to all Israel, 2 telling them:

I’m 120 years old today. I can’t move around well anymore. Plus, the Lord told me “You won’t cross the Jordan River.” 3 But the Lord your God, he’s the one who will cross over before you! He’s the one who will destroy these nations before you so you can displace them. Joshua too will cross over before you just like the Lord indicated. 4 The Lord will do to these enemies the same thing he did to the Amorite kings Sihon and Og, and to their land, when he destroyed them. 5 The Lord will lay them out before you, and you will do to them exactly what the command I’ve given you dictates. 6 Be strong! Be fearless! Don’t be afraid and don’t be scared by your enemies, because the Lord your God is the one who marches with you. He won’t let you down, and he won’t abandon you.

7 Then Moses called Joshua and, with all Israel watching, said to him: “Be strong and fearless because you are the one who will lead[i] this people to the land the Lord swore to their ancestors to give to them; you are the one who will divide up the land for them. 8 But the Lord is the one who is marching before you! He is the one who will be with you! He won’t let you down. He won’t abandon you. So don’t be afraid or scared!”

Regular reading of the Instruction

9 Then Moses wrote this Instruction down and gave it to the priests—the Levites who carry the chest containing the Lord’s covenant—and to all of the Israelite elders. 10 Moses then commanded them:

At the end of seven years, at the appointed time in the year of debt cancellation, during the Festival of Booths, 11 when all Israel comes to appear before the Lord your God at the location he selects, you must read this Instruction aloud, in the hearing of all the people. 12 Gather everyone—men, women, children, and the immigrants who live in your cities—in order that they hear it, learn it, and revere the Lord your God, carefully doing all the words of this Instruction, 13 and so that their children, who don’t yet know the Instruction, may hear it and learn to revere the Lord your God for as long as you live on the ground you are crossing the Jordan River to possess.

Joshua commissioned

14 Then the Lord said to Moses: “It’s almost time for you to die. Summon Joshua. The two of you must present yourselves at the meeting tent so I can command him.” So Moses and Joshua went and presented themselves at the meeting tent. 15 The Lord appeared in the tent in a pillar of cloud; the cloud pillar stood at the tent’s entrance. 16 The Lord then said to Moses:

“Soon you will rest with your ancestors, and the people will rise up and act unfaithfully, going after strange gods of the land they are entering. They will abandon me, breaking my covenant that I made with them. 17 At that point my anger will burn against them, and I’ll be the one who abandons them! I’ll hide my face from them. They will become nothing but food for their enemies,[j] and all sorts of bad things and misfortunes will happen to them. Then they will say: ‘Haven’t these terrible things happened to us because our God is no longer with us?’ 18 But I will hide my face at that time because of the many wrong things they have done, because they have turned to other gods! 19 So in light of all that, you must write down this poem and teach it to the Israelites. Put it in their mouths so that the poem becomes a witness for me against them. 20 When I bring the Israelites to the land I swore to their ancestors, which is full of milk and honey, and they eat, get full, then fat, and then turn toward other gods, serving them and disrespecting me and breaking my covenant, 21 then, when all kinds of bad things and misfortunes happen to them, this poem will witness against them, giving its testimony, because it won’t be lost from the mouths of their descendants. Yes, I know right now what they are inclined to do, even before I’ve brought them into the land I swore.”

22 So Moses wrote this poem down that very day, and he taught it to the Israelites.

23 Then the Lord commissioned Joshua, Nun’s son: “Be strong and fearless because you are the one who will bring the Israelites to the land I swore to them. I myself will be with you.”

Life after Moses

24 Once Moses had finished writing in their entirety all the words of this Instruction scroll, 25 he commanded the Levites who carry the chest containing the Lord’s covenant as follows:

26 “Take this Instruction scroll and put it next to the chest containing the Lord your God’s covenant. It must remain there as a witness against you 27 because I know how rebellious and hardheaded you are. If you are this rebellious toward the Lord while I’m still alive, it’s bound to get worse once I’m dead! 28 Assemble all of your tribes’ elders and your officials in front of me, so I can speak these words in their hearing, and so I can call heaven and earth as my witnesses against them, 29 because I know that after I’m dead, you will ruin everything, departing from the path I’ve commanded you. Terrible things will happen to you in the future because you will do evil in the Lord’s eyes, aggravating him with the things your hands have made.”

The poem of Instruction

30 Then Moses recited in their entirety the words of this poem in the hearing of the entire assembly of Israel:

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 29:1 28:69 in Heb
  2. Deuteronomy 29:2 29:1 in Heb
  3. Deuteronomy 29:6 Or that I, the Lord, am your God.
  4. Deuteronomy 29:10 LXX, Syr; MT your leaders, your tribes
  5. Deuteronomy 29:19 Heb uncertain; perhaps the agricultural imagery of 29:18 is continued here or the terms are metaphors for human states.
  6. Deuteronomy 29:22 Or after they see
  7. Deuteronomy 30:16 LXX; MT lacks if you obey the Lord your God’s commandments.
  8. Deuteronomy 31:1 LXX, DSS (1QDeutb) When Moses had finished speaking
  9. Deuteronomy 31:7 Sam, Vulg, Syr; MT, Tg accompany
  10. Deuteronomy 31:17 Heb lacks for their enemies.
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Deuteronomy 29-31
New International Version

Renewal of the Covenant

29 [a]These are the terms of the covenant the Lord commanded Moses to make with the Israelites in Moab,(A) in addition to the covenant he had made with them at Horeb.(B)

2 Moses summoned all the Israelites and said to them:

Your eyes have seen all that the Lord did in Egypt to Pharaoh, to all his officials and to all his land.(C) 3 With your own eyes you saw those great trials, those signs and great wonders.(D) 4 But to this day the Lord has not given you a mind that understands or eyes that see or ears that hear.(E) 5 Yet the Lord says, “During the forty years that I led(F) you through the wilderness, your clothes did not wear out, nor did the sandals on your feet.(G) 6 You ate no bread and drank no wine or other fermented drink.(H) I did this so that you might know that I am the Lord your God.”(I)

7 When you reached this place, Sihon(J) king of Heshbon(K) and Og king of Bashan came out to fight against us, but we defeated them.(L) 8 We took their land and gave it as an inheritance(M) to the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh.(N)

9 Carefully follow(O) the terms of this covenant,(P) so that you may prosper in everything you do.(Q) 10 All of you are standing today in the presence of the Lord your God—your leaders and chief men, your elders and officials, and all the other men of Israel, 11 together with your children and your wives, and the foreigners living in your camps who chop your wood and carry your water.(R) 12 You are standing here in order to enter into a covenant with the Lord your God, a covenant the Lord is making with you this day and sealing with an oath, 13 to confirm you this day as his people,(S) that he may be your God(T) as he promised you and as he swore to your fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. 14 I am making this covenant,(U) with its oath, not only with you 15 who are standing here with us today in the presence of the Lord our God but also with those who are not here today.(V)

16 You yourselves know how we lived in Egypt and how we passed through the countries on the way here. 17 You saw among them their detestable images and idols of wood and stone, of silver and gold.(W) 18 Make sure there is no man or woman, clan or tribe among you today whose heart turns(X) away from the Lord our God to go and worship the gods of those nations; make sure there is no root among you that produces such bitter poison.(Y)

19 When such a person hears the words of this oath and they invoke a blessing(Z) on themselves, thinking, “I will be safe, even though I persist in going my own way,”(AA) they will bring disaster on the watered land as well as the dry. 20 The Lord will never be willing to forgive(AB) them; his wrath and zeal(AC) will burn(AD) against them. All the curses written in this book will fall on them, and the Lord will blot(AE) out their names from under heaven. 21 The Lord will single them out from all the tribes of Israel for disaster,(AF) according to all the curses of the covenant written in this Book of the Law.(AG)

22 Your children who follow you in later generations and foreigners who come from distant lands will see the calamities that have fallen on the land and the diseases with which the Lord has afflicted it.(AH) 23 The whole land will be a burning waste(AI) of salt(AJ) and sulfur—nothing planted, nothing sprouting, no vegetation growing on it. It will be like the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah,(AK) Admah and Zeboyim, which the Lord overthrew in fierce anger.(AL) 24 All the nations will ask: “Why has the Lord done this to this land?(AM) Why this fierce, burning anger?”

25 And the answer will be: “It is because this people abandoned the covenant of the Lord, the God of their ancestors, the covenant he made with them when he brought them out of Egypt.(AN) 26 They went off and worshiped other gods and bowed down to them, gods they did not know, gods he had not given them. 27 Therefore the Lord’s anger burned against this land, so that he brought on it all the curses written in this book.(AO) 28 In furious anger and in great wrath(AP) the Lord uprooted(AQ) them from their land and thrust them into another land, as it is now.”

29 The secret things belong to the Lord our God,(AR) but the things revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may follow all the words of this law.(AS)

Prosperity After Turning to the Lord

30 When all these blessings and curses(AT) I have set before you come on you and you take them to heart wherever the Lord your God disperses you among the nations,(AU) 2 and when you and your children return(AV) to the Lord your God and obey him with all your heart(AW) and with all your soul according to everything I command you today, 3 then the Lord your God will restore your fortunes[b](AX) and have compassion(AY) on you and gather(AZ) you again from all the nations where he scattered(BA) you.(BB) 4 Even if you have been banished to the most distant land under the heavens,(BC) from there the Lord your God will gather(BD) you and bring you back.(BE) 5 He will bring(BF) you to the land that belonged to your ancestors, and you will take possession of it. He will make you more prosperous and numerous(BG) than your ancestors. 6 The Lord your God will circumcise your hearts and the hearts of your descendants,(BH) so that you may love(BI) him with all your heart and with all your soul, and live. 7 The Lord your God will put all these curses(BJ) on your enemies who hate and persecute you.(BK) 8 You will again obey the Lord and follow all his commands I am giving you today. 9 Then the Lord your God will make you most prosperous in all the work of your hands and in the fruit of your womb, the young of your livestock and the crops of your land.(BL) The Lord will again delight(BM) in you and make you prosperous, just as he delighted in your ancestors, 10 if you obey the Lord your God and keep his commands and decrees that are written in this Book of the Law(BN) and turn to the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul.(BO)

The Offer of Life or Death

11 Now what I am commanding you today is not too difficult for you or beyond your reach.(BP) 12 It is not up in heaven, so that you have to ask, “Who will ascend into heaven(BQ) to get it and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?”(BR) 13 Nor is it beyond the sea,(BS) so that you have to ask, “Who will cross the sea to get it and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?”(BT) 14 No, the word is very near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart so you may obey it.(BU)

15 See, I set before you today life(BV) and prosperity,(BW) death(BX) and destruction.(BY) 16 For I command you today to love(BZ) the Lord your God, to walk in obedience to him, and to keep his commands, decrees and laws; then you will live(CA) and increase, and the Lord your God will bless you in the land you are entering to possess.

17 But if your heart turns away and you are not obedient, and if you are drawn away to bow down to other gods and worship them, 18 I declare to you this day that you will certainly be destroyed.(CB) You will not live long in the land you are crossing the Jordan to enter and possess.

19 This day I call the heavens and the earth as witnesses against you(CC) that I have set before you life and death, blessings and curses.(CD) Now choose life, so that you and your children may live 20 and that you may love(CE) the Lord your God, listen to his voice, and hold fast to him. For the Lord is your life,(CF) and he will give(CG) you many years in the land(CH) he swore to give to your fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

Joshua to Succeed Moses

31 Then Moses went out and spoke these words to all Israel: 2 “I am now a hundred and twenty years old(CI) and I am no longer able to lead you.(CJ) The Lord has said to me, ‘You shall not cross the Jordan.’(CK) 3 The Lord your God himself will cross(CL) over ahead of you.(CM) He will destroy these nations(CN) before you, and you will take possession of their land. Joshua also will cross(CO) over ahead of you, as the Lord said. 4 And the Lord will do to them what he did to Sihon and Og,(CP) the kings of the Amorites, whom he destroyed along with their land. 5 The Lord will deliver(CQ) them to you, and you must do to them all that I have commanded you. 6 Be strong and courageous.(CR) Do not be afraid or terrified(CS) because of them, for the Lord your God goes with you;(CT) he will never leave you(CU) nor forsake(CV) you.”

7 Then Moses summoned Joshua and said(CW) to him in the presence of all Israel, “Be strong and courageous, for you must go with this people into the land that the Lord swore to their ancestors to give them,(CX) and you must divide it among them as their inheritance. 8 The Lord himself goes before you and will be with you;(CY) he will never leave you nor forsake you.(CZ) Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged.”

Public Reading of the Law

9 So Moses wrote(DA) down this law and gave it to the Levitical priests, who carried(DB) the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and to all the elders of Israel. 10 Then Moses commanded them: “At the end of every seven years, in the year for canceling debts,(DC) during the Festival of Tabernacles,(DD) 11 when all Israel comes to appear(DE) before the Lord your God at the place he will choose,(DF) you shall read this law(DG) before them in their hearing. 12 Assemble the people—men, women and children, and the foreigners residing in your towns—so they can listen and learn(DH) to fear(DI) the Lord your God and follow carefully all the words of this law. 13 Their children,(DJ) who do not know this law, must hear it and learn to fear the Lord your God as long as you live in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.”

Israel’s Rebellion Predicted

14 The Lord said to Moses, “Now the day of your death(DK) is near. Call Joshua(DL) and present yourselves at the tent of meeting, where I will commission him.(DM)” So Moses and Joshua came and presented themselves at the tent of meeting.(DN)

15 Then the Lord appeared at the tent in a pillar of cloud, and the cloud stood over the entrance to the tent.(DO) 16 And the Lord said to Moses: “You are going to rest with your ancestors,(DP) and these people will soon prostitute(DQ) themselves to the foreign gods of the land they are entering. They will forsake(DR) me and break the covenant I made with them. 17 And in that day I will become angry(DS) with them and forsake(DT) them; I will hide(DU) my face(DV) from them, and they will be destroyed. Many disasters(DW) and calamities will come on them, and in that day they will ask, ‘Have not these disasters come on us because our God is not with us?’(DX) 18 And I will certainly hide my face in that day because of all their wickedness in turning to other gods.

19 “Now write(DY) down this song and teach it to the Israelites and have them sing it, so that it may be a witness(DZ) for me against them. 20 When I have brought them into the land flowing with milk and honey, the land I promised on oath to their ancestors,(EA) and when they eat their fill and thrive, they will turn to other gods(EB) and worship them,(EC) rejecting me and breaking my covenant.(ED) 21 And when many disasters and calamities come on them,(EE) this song will testify against them, because it will not be forgotten by their descendants. I know what they are disposed to do,(EF) even before I bring them into the land I promised them on oath.” 22 So Moses wrote(EG) down this song that day and taught it to the Israelites.

23 The Lord gave this command(EH) to Joshua son of Nun: “Be strong and courageous,(EI) for you will bring the Israelites into the land I promised them on oath, and I myself will be with you.”

24 After Moses finished writing(EJ) in a book the words of this law(EK) from beginning to end, 25 he gave this command to the Levites who carried(EL) the ark of the covenant of the Lord: 26 “Take this Book of the Law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God. There it will remain as a witness against you.(EM) 27 For I know how rebellious(EN) and stiff-necked(EO) you are. If you have been rebellious against the Lord while I am still alive and with you, how much more will you rebel after I die! 28 Assemble before me all the elders of your tribes and all your officials, so that I can speak these words in their hearing and call the heavens and the earth to testify against them.(EP) 29 For I know that after my death you are sure to become utterly corrupt(EQ) and to turn from the way I have commanded you. In days to come, disaster(ER) will fall on you because you will do evil in the sight of the Lord and arouse his anger by what your hands have made.”

The Song of Moses

30 And Moses recited the words of this song from beginning to end in the hearing of the whole assembly of Israel:

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 29:1 In Hebrew texts 29:1 is numbered 28:69, and 29:2-29 is numbered 29:1-28.
  2. Deuteronomy 30:3 Or will bring you back from captivity
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