Deuteronomy 1
World English Bible
1 These are the words which Moses spoke to all Israel beyond the Jordan in the wilderness, in the Arabah opposite Suf, between Paran, Tophel, Laban, Hazeroth, and Dizahab. 2 It is eleven days’ journey from Horeb by the way of Mount Seir to Kadesh Barnea. 3 In the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel according to all that Yahweh[a] had given him in commandment to them, 4 after he had struck Sihon the king of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan who lived in Ashtaroth, at Edrei. 5 Beyond the Jordan, in the land of Moab, Moses began to declare this law, saying, 6 “Yahweh our God[b] spoke to us in Horeb, saying, ‘You have lived long enough at this mountain. 7 Turn, and take your journey, and go to the hill country of the Amorites and to all the places near there: in the Arabah, in the hill country, in the lowland, in the South, by the seashore, in the land of the Canaanites, and in Lebanon as far as the great river, the river Euphrates. 8 Behold,[c] I have set the land before you. Go in and possess the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers—to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob—to give to them and to their offspring[d] after them.’”
9 I spoke to you at that time, saying, “I am not able to bear you myself alone. 10 Yahweh your God has multiplied you, and behold, you are today as the stars of the sky for multitude. 11 Yahweh, the God of your fathers, make you a thousand times as many as you are and bless you, as he has promised you! 12 How can I myself alone bear your problems, your burdens, and your strife? 13 Take wise men of understanding who are respected among your tribes, and I will make them heads over you.”
14 You answered me, and said, “The thing which you have spoken is good to do.” 15 So I took the heads of your tribes, wise and respected men, and made them heads over you, captains of thousands, captains of hundreds, captains of fifties, captains of tens, and officers, according to your tribes. 16 I commanded your judges at that time, saying, “Hear cases between your brothers and judge righteously between a man and his brother, and the foreigner who is living with him. 17 You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear the small and the great alike. You shall not be afraid of the face of man, for the judgment is God’s. The case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it.” 18 I commanded you at that time all the things which you should do. 19 We traveled from Horeb and went through all that great and terrible wilderness which you saw, by the way to the hill country of the Amorites, as Yahweh our God commanded us; and we came to Kadesh Barnea. 20 I said to you, “You have come to the hill country of the Amorites, which Yahweh our God gives to us. 21 Behold, Yahweh your God has set the land before you. Go up, take possession, as Yahweh the God of your fathers has spoken to you. Don’t be afraid, neither be dismayed.”
22 You came near to me, everyone of you, and said, “Let’s send men before us, that they may search the land for us, and bring back to us word of the way by which we must go up, and the cities to which we shall come.”
23 The thing pleased me well. I took twelve of your men, one man for every tribe. 24 They turned and went up into the hill country, and came to the valley of Eshcol, and spied it out. 25 They took some of the fruit of the land in their hands and brought it down to us, and brought us word again, and said, “It is a good land which Yahweh our God gives to us.”
26 Yet you wouldn’t go up, but rebelled against the commandment of Yahweh your God. 27 You murmured in your tents, and said, “Because Yahweh hated us, he has brought us out of the land of Egypt, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites to destroy us. 28 Where are we going up? Our brothers have made our heart melt, saying, ‘The people are greater and taller than we. The cities are great and fortified up to the sky. Moreover we have seen the sons of the Anakim there!’”
29 Then I said to you, “Don’t be terrified. Don’t be afraid of them. 30 Yahweh your God, who goes before you, he will fight for you, according to all that he did for you in Egypt before your eyes, 31 and in the wilderness where you have seen how that Yahweh your God carried you, as a man carries his son, in all the way that you went, until you came to this place.”
32 Yet in this thing you didn’t believe Yahweh your God, 33 who went before you on the way, to seek out a place for you to pitch your tents in: in fire by night, to show you by what way you should go, and in the cloud by day. 34 Yahweh heard the voice of your words and was angry, and swore, saying, 35 “Surely not one of these men of this evil generation shall see the good land which I swore to give to your fathers, 36 except Caleb the son of Jephunneh. He shall see it. I will give the land that he has trodden on to him and to his children, because he has wholly followed Yahweh.”
37 Also Yahweh was angry with me for your sakes, saying, “You also shall not go in there. 38 Joshua the son of Nun, who stands before you, shall go in there. Encourage him, for he shall cause Israel to inherit it. 39 Moreover your little ones, whom you said would be captured or killed, your children, who today have no knowledge of good or evil, shall go in there. I will give it to them, and they shall possess it. 40 But as for you, turn, and take your journey into the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea.”
41 Then you answered and said to me, “We have sinned against Yahweh. We will go up and fight, according to all that Yahweh our God commanded us.” Every man of you put on his weapons of war, and presumed to go up into the hill country.
42 Yahweh said to me, “Tell them, ‘Don’t go up and don’t fight; for I am not among you, lest you be struck before your enemies.’”
43 So I spoke to you, and you didn’t listen; but you rebelled against the commandment of Yahweh, and were presumptuous, and went up into the hill country. 44 The Amorites, who lived in that hill country, came out against you and chased you as bees do, and beat you down in Seir, even to Hormah. 45 You returned and wept before Yahweh; but Yahweh didn’t listen to your voice, nor turn his ear to you. 46 So you stayed in Kadesh many days, according to the days that you remained.
Deuteronomy 1
Lexham English Bible
Preamble
1 These are the words that Moses spoke to all of Israel on the other side of[a] the Jordan in the desert,[b] in the desert plateau[c] opposite Suph, between Paran and between Tophel and Laban and Hazeroth and Dizahab. 2 It is a journey of eleven days[d] from Herob by the way of Mount Seir[e] up to Kadesh Barnea.
3 And it was[f] in the fortieth year, on the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, Moses spoke to the Israelites[g] according to all that Yahweh had instructed him to speak to them. 4 This happened after defeating[h] Sihon king of the Amorites, who was reigning[i] in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, who was reigning[j] in Ashtaroth in Edrei. 5 On the other side of [k] the Jordan in the land of Moab Moses began to explain this law,[l] saying:[m]
Historical Prologue
6 “Yahweh our God spoke to us at Horeb, saying,[n] ‘You have stayed long enough[o] at this mountain. 7 Turn now and move on,[p] and go into the hill of the Amorites[q] and to all of the neighboring regions[r] in the Jordan Valley[s] in the hill country and in the Negev and in the coastal area along the sea, into the land of the Canaanites[t] and into the Lebanon, as far as the great river Euphrates. 8 Look, I have set the land before you;[u] go and take possession of the land that Yahweh swore to your ancestors,[v] to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give it to them and to their offspring after them.’
9 “And I spoke to them at that time, saying,[w] ‘I am not able to bear you alone. 10 Yahweh your God has multiplied you, and look; you are today as the stars of the heaven in number.[x] 11 Yahweh, the God of your ancestors,[y] may he add to you as you are now a thousand times, and may he bless you just as he promised you.[z] 12 How can I bear you by myself,[aa] your burden and your load and your strife? 13 Choose for yourselves wise and discerning and knowledgeable men[ab] for each of your tribes, and I will appoint them as your leaders.’
14 “And you answered me, and you said, ‘The thing you have said to do is good.’ 15 And so I took the leaders of your tribes, wise and knowledgeable men, and then I appointed them as leaders over you as commanders of groups of thousands and commanders of groups of hundreds and commanders of groups of fifties and commanders of groups of tens as officials for your tribes. 16 And at that time I instructed your judges, saying, ‘hear out your fellow men,[ac] and then judge fairly[ad] between a man and between his brother and between his opponent who is a resident alien.[ae] 17 You must not be partial[af] in your judgment; [ag] hear out the small person as also the great person; do not be intimidated by any person,[ah] because the judgment is God’s; and the case that is too difficult[ai] for you, bring it to me, and I will hear it out.’ 18 And so I instructed you at that time concerning all of the things that you should do.
19 “Then we set out from Horeb, and we went through the whole of that great and terrible desert that you saw on the way to the hill country of the Amorites[aj] as Yahweh our God had commanded us, and so we came up to Kadesh Barnea. 20 I said to you, ‘You have reached[ak] the hill country of the Amorites[al] that Yahweh our God is giving to us. 21 See, Yahweh your God has set before you the land; go up and possess it as Yahweh the God of your ancestors[am] said to you; do not fear and do not be dismayed.’
22 “Then all of you approached me, and you said, ‘Let us send men before us,[an] and let them explore the land for us, and let them bring back a report[ao] to us concerning the way that we should take[ap] and concerning the cities that we shall come to.’ 23 The plan was good in my opinion,[aq] and so I took from among you twelve men, one from each tribe.[ar] 24 And they set out[as] and went up into the hill country,[at] and they went up to the wadi[au] of Eschol, and they spied out the land. 25 They took in their hands[av] some of the fruit[aw] of the land, and they brought it down to us, and they brought to us back a report,[ax] and they said, ‘The land that Yahweh our God is giving to us is good.’ 26 But you were not willing to go up, and you rebelled against the command[ay] of Yahweh your God. 27 And you grumbled in your tents, and you said, ‘Because of the hatred of Yahweh toward us he has brought us out from the land of Egypt to give us into the hand of the Amorites[az] to destroy us. 28 Where can we go up? Our brothers have made our hearts melt,[ba] saying,[bb] “The people are greater[bc] and taller than we are,[bd] and there are great fortified cities reaching up to heaven, and we saw the sons of the Anakites living there.”’
29 “And so I said to you, ‘Do not be terrified, and do not fear them. 30 Yahweh your God, who is going before you,[be] will himself[bf] fight for you, just as[bg] he did for you in Egypt before your eyes, 31 and just as he did in the wilderness[bh] when[bi] you saw that[bj] Yahweh your God carried you, just as someone[bk] carries his son, all along the way that you traveled until you reached[bl] this place.’ 32 But through all of this you did not trust in Yahweh your God, 33 who goes[bm] before you[bn] on your[bo] way, seeking a place for your encampment, in fire at night and in a cloud by day, to show you the way that you should go.[bp]
34 “Then Yahweh heard the sound of your words, and he was angry, and he swore, saying,[bq] 35 ‘No one of these men[br] of this evil generation will see the good land that I swore to give to your ancestors,[bs] 36 except Caleb, the son of Jephunneh; he himself[bt] shall see it, and to him I will give the land upon which he has trodden and to his sons[bu] because he followed Yahweh unreservedly.’[bv] 37 Even with me Yahweh was angry because of you, saying, ‘Not even you shall enter there. 38 Joshua, the son of Nun, your assistant,[bw] will go there; encourage him because he will cause Israel to inherit it. 39 And your little children, who you thought shall become plunder, and your sons, who do not today know good or bad, shall themselves[bx] go there, and I will give it to them, and they shall take possession of it. 40 But you turn and set out in the direction of the wilderness by way of the Red Sea.’[by]
41 “You replied and said to me, ‘We have sinned against Yahweh, and now we will go up and fight according to all that Yahweh our God commanded us’; and so each man fastened on his battle gear,[bz] and you regarded it as easy to go up into the hill country. 42 So Yahweh said to me, ‘Say to them, “You shall not go up, and you shall not fight because I am not in your midst; you will be defeated before[ca] your enemies.”’ 43 So I spoke to you, but you did not listen; you rebelled against the command of Yahweh;[cb] you behaved presumptuously, and you went up into the hill country. 44 The Amorites living in the hill country went out to oppose you[cc] and chased you as a swarm of wild honey bees do; and so they beat[cd] you down in Seir as far as Hormah. 45 So you returned and wept before Yahweh;[ce] but Yahweh did not listen to your voice and did not pay any attention to you. 46 You stayed in Kadesh many days; such were the days that you stayed there.
Footnotes
- Deuteronomy 1:1 Literally “in the beyond of”
- Deuteronomy 1:1 Or “the wilderness”
- Deuteronomy 1:1 Or “desert plain”; others render this as a named location, “Arabah”
- Deuteronomy 1:2 Literally “one and ten days”
- Deuteronomy 1:2 Literally “by the mountain of Seir”
- Deuteronomy 1:3 Literally “and it happened” or “and then”
- Deuteronomy 1:3 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
- Deuteronomy 1:4 Literally “after he had struck down”
- Deuteronomy 1:4 Or “dwelling,” and in this context “reigning”
- Deuteronomy 1:4 Or “dwelling,” and in this context “reigning”
- Deuteronomy 1:5 Literally “in the beyond of”
- Deuteronomy 1:5 Hebrew torah
- Deuteronomy 1:5 Literally “to say”
- Deuteronomy 1:6 Literally “to say”
- Deuteronomy 1:6 Literally “much time”
- Deuteronomy 1:7 Literally “journey on with respect to yourselves” or “move yourselves out”
- Deuteronomy 1:7 Hebrew “Amorite”
- Deuteronomy 1:7 Or “peoples”
- Deuteronomy 1:7 Literally “Arabah,” arid stretches of land.
- Deuteronomy 1:7 Hebrew “Canaanite”
- Deuteronomy 1:8 Literally “before your face”
- Deuteronomy 1:8 Or “fathers”
- Deuteronomy 1:9 Literally “to say”
- Deuteronomy 1:10 Literally “with respect to multitude/abundance”
- Deuteronomy 1:11 Or “fathers”
- Deuteronomy 1:11 Literally “spoke to you”
- Deuteronomy 1:12 Literally “to me alone”
- Deuteronomy 1:13 Literally “men wise and discerning and knowledgeable”
- Deuteronomy 1:16 Literally “hear between your brothers,” with the idea of listening carefully in this context
- Deuteronomy 1:16 Or “righteously”
- Deuteronomy 1:16 Literally “between his resident alien/non-Israelite who dwells temporarily among Israel”
- Deuteronomy 1:17 Literally “recognize faces”
- Deuteronomy 1:17 Literally “in the process of rendering a judgment”
- Deuteronomy 1:17 Literally “do not fear before the faces of any man”
- Deuteronomy 1:17 Or “hard”
- Deuteronomy 1:19 Hebrew “Amorite”
- Deuteronomy 1:20 Literally “You have come up to”
- Deuteronomy 1:20 Hebrew “Amorite”
- Deuteronomy 1:21 Or “fathers”
- Deuteronomy 1:22 Literally “before our faces” or “ahead of us”
- Deuteronomy 1:22 Literally “a word”
- Deuteronomy 1:22 Literally “we should go up by it”
- Deuteronomy 1:23 Literally “in my eyes”
- Deuteronomy 1:23 Literally “man one from the tribe”
- Deuteronomy 1:24 Literally “turned”
- Deuteronomy 1:24 Literally “went up toward the hill country mountain”
- Deuteronomy 1:24 A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
- Deuteronomy 1:25 Hebrew “hand”
- Deuteronomy 1:25 Literally “from the fruit”
- Deuteronomy 1:25 Literally “a word”
- Deuteronomy 1:26 Literally “mouth”
- Deuteronomy 1:27 Hebrew “Amorite”
- Deuteronomy 1:28 Literally “caused to melt our hearts”
- Deuteronomy 1:28 Literally “to say”
- Deuteronomy 1:28 Or “bigger”
- Deuteronomy 1:28 Hebrew “than us”
- Deuteronomy 1:30 Literally “to your faces”
- Deuteronomy 1:30 The Hebrew pronoun indicates emphasis
- Deuteronomy 1:30 Literally “like all that”
- Deuteronomy 1:31 Or “desert”
- Deuteronomy 1:31 Or “where”
- Deuteronomy 1:31 Or “how”
- Deuteronomy 1:31 Or “a man”
- Deuteronomy 1:31 Literally “you came”
- Deuteronomy 1:33 Literally “is the one going”
- Deuteronomy 1:33 Literally “before your faces”
- Deuteronomy 1:33 Hebrew “the”
- Deuteronomy 1:33 Literally “you should go in it”
- Deuteronomy 1:34 Literally “to say”
- Deuteronomy 1:35 The beginning of an oath in Hebrew; the text emphatically denies anyone of that evil generation the privilege of seeing the promised land
- Deuteronomy 1:35 Or “fathers”
- Deuteronomy 1:36 Emphatic use of the pronoun
- Deuteronomy 1:36 Or “descendants”
- Deuteronomy 1:36 Literally “he filled his hands after Yahweh”
- Deuteronomy 1:38 Literally “the one standing before you”
- Deuteronomy 1:39 The Hebrew pronoun is used for emphasis
- Deuteronomy 1:40 Literally “sea of reeds”
- Deuteronomy 1:41 Literally “his vessels of battle”
- Deuteronomy 1:42 Literally “in the faces of your enemies”
- Deuteronomy 1:43 Literally “mouth of Yahweh”
- Deuteronomy 1:44 Literally “to meet you”
- Deuteronomy 1:44 Literally “cut”
- Deuteronomy 1:45 Literally “before the faces of Yahweh”
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