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Benedizione profetica di Mosè

33 (A)Questa è la benedizione con la quale Mosè, uomo di Dio, benedisse i figli d’Israele prima di morire. Disse dunque: «Il Signore è venuto dal Sinai, è spuntato per loro dal Seir, ha sparso la sua luce dal monte di Paran, è venuto dalle miriadi sante; dalla sua destra usciva il fuoco della legge[a] per loro.

Certo, il Signore ama i popoli; tutti i suoi santi sono nella tua mano. Essi si abbassano ai tuoi piedi e raccolgono le tue parole.

Mosè ci ha dato una legge, eredità dell’assemblea di Giacobbe;

ed egli è stato re in Iesurun, quando si adunavano i capi del popolo e tutte insieme le tribù d’Israele.

Viva Ruben! che egli non muoia; e i suoi uomini siano numerosi!»

E questo egli disse per Giuda: «Ascolta, Signore, la voce di Giuda e riconducilo al suo popolo; con tutte le sue forze egli lotta per la sua causa; tu gli sarai di aiuto contro i suoi nemici!»

Poi disse di Levi: «I tuoi tummim e i tuoi urim[b] appartengono all’uomo fedele[c] che ti sei scelto, che tu mettesti alla prova a Massa, e con il quale contestasti alle acque di Meriba.

Egli dice di suo padre e di sua madre: “Non lo vedo!” Non riconosce i suoi fratelli e nulla sa dei propri figli; perché i Leviti osservano la tua parola e sono i custodi del tuo patto.

10 Essi insegnano i tuoi statuti a Giacobbe e la tua legge a Israele; mettono l’incenso sotto le tue narici e l’olocausto sopra il tuo altare.

11 O Signore, benedici la sua forza e gradisci l’opera delle sue mani. Spezza le reni a quelli che insorgono contro di lui e colpisci i suoi nemici, sì che non possano rialzarsi».

12 Di Beniamino disse: «Egli, il prediletto del Signore, abiterà al sicuro presso di lui. Il Signore gli farà sempre riparo ed egli riposerà tra le sue colline[d]».

13 Poi disse di Giuseppe: «Il suo paese sarà benedetto dal Signore con i doni più preziosi del cielo; con la rugiada, con le acque profonde dell’abisso,

14 con i frutti più preziosi che il sole matura, con quanto di meglio germoglia ogni luna,

15 con i migliori prodotti dei monti antichi, con i doni più preziosi dei colli secolari, con i doni più preziosi della terra e di quanto essa racchiude.

16 Il favore di colui che stava nel pruno venga sul capo di Giuseppe, sulla fronte di colui che è principe tra i suoi fratelli!

17 Del suo bue primogenito egli ha la maestà; le sue corna sono corna di bufalo. Con esse cozzerà contro i popoli tutti quanti insieme, fino alle estremità della terra. Tali sono le miriadi di Efraim, tali sono le migliaia di Manasse».

18 Poi disse di Zabulon: «Rallègrati, Zabulon, nel tuo uscire, e tu, Issacar, nelle tue tende!

19 Essi chiameranno i popoli al monte, e là offriranno sacrifici di giustizia; poiché essi succhieranno l’abbondanza del mare e i tesori nascosti nella sabbia».

20 Poi disse di Gad: «Benedetto colui che mette Gad al largo! Egli sta nella sua dimora come una leonessa e sbrana braccio e testa.

21 Egli si è scelto le primizie del paese, poiché questa è la parte riservata al condottiero, ed egli vi è giunto alla testa del popolo, ha compiuto la giustizia del Signore e i suoi decreti, insieme a Israele».

22 Poi disse di Dan: «Dan è un leoncello, che balza da Basan».

23 Poi disse di Neftali: «O Neftali, sazio di favori e ricolmo di benedizioni del Signore, prendi possesso dell’occidente e del mezzodì!»

24 Poi disse di Ascer: «Benedetto sia Ascer tra i figli d’Israele! Sia il favorito dei suoi fratelli e tuffi il suo piede nell’olio!

25 Le sbarre delle sue porte siano di ferro e di bronzo e duri quanto i tuoi giorni la tua forza!

26 Nessuno è pari al Dio di Iesurun che, sul carro dei cieli, corre in tuo aiuto, che, nella sua maestà, avanza sulle nubi.

27 Il Dio eterno è il tuo rifugio; e sotto di te stanno le braccia eterne. Egli scaccia davanti a te il nemico e ti dice: “Distruggi!”

28 Israele abiterà al sicuro, la sorgente di Giacobbe sgorgherà solitaria in un paese di frumento e di mosto, dove il cielo stilla rugiada.

29 Te beato, Israele! Chi è pari a te, popolo salvato dal Signore? Egli è lo scudo che ti protegge e la spada che ti fa trionfare. I tuoi nemici verranno ad adularti e tu calpesterai le loro alture».

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomio 33:2 Il fuoco della legge, altri traducono: dalla sua destra uscivano su loro raggi infocati.
  2. Deuteronomio 33:8 Vd. Es 28:30.
  3. Deuteronomio 33:8 Uomo fedele, cioè il sommo sacerdote Aaronne.
  4. Deuteronomio 33:12 Tra le sue colline, lett. tra le sue spalle, alludendo al tempio e alle colline su cui stava Gerusalemme.

33 And this is the blessing, wherewith Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel before his death.

And he said, The Lord came from Sinai, and rose up from Seir unto them; he shined forth from mount Paran, and he came with ten thousands of saints: from his right hand went a fiery law for them.

Yea, he loved the people; all his saints are in thy hand: and they sat down at thy feet; every one shall receive of thy words.

Moses commanded us a law, even the inheritance of the congregation of Jacob.

And he was king in Jeshurun, when the heads of the people and the tribes of Israel were gathered together.

Let Reuben live, and not die; and let not his men be few.

And this is the blessing of Judah: and he said, Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah, and bring him unto his people: let his hands be sufficient for him; and be thou an help to him from his enemies.

And of Levi he said, Let thy Thummim and thy Urim be with thy holy one, whom thou didst prove at Massah, and with whom thou didst strive at the waters of Meribah;

Who said unto his father and to his mother, I have not seen him; neither did he acknowledge his brethren, nor knew his own children: for they have observed thy word, and kept thy covenant.

10 They shall teach Jacob thy judgments, and Israel thy law: they shall put incense before thee, and whole burnt sacrifice upon thine altar.

11 Bless, Lord, his substance, and accept the work of his hands; smite through the loins of them that rise against him, and of them that hate him, that they rise not again.

12 And of Benjamin he said, The beloved of the Lord shall dwell in safety by him; and the Lord shall cover him all the day long, and he shall dwell between his shoulders.

13 And of Joseph he said, Blessed of the Lord be his land, for the precious things of heaven, for the dew, and for the deep that coucheth beneath,

14 And for the precious fruits brought forth by the sun, and for the precious things put forth by the moon,

15 And for the chief things of the ancient mountains, and for the precious things of the lasting hills,

16 And for the precious things of the earth and fulness thereof, and for the good will of him that dwelt in the bush: let the blessing come upon the head of Joseph, and upon the top of the head of him that was separated from his brethren.

17 His glory is like the firstling of his bullock, and his horns are like the horns of unicorns: with them he shall push the people together to the ends of the earth: and they are the ten thousands of Ephraim, and they are the thousands of Manasseh.

18 And of Zebulun he said, Rejoice, Zebulun, in thy going out; and, Issachar, in thy tents.

19 They shall call the people unto the mountain; there they shall offer sacrifices of righteousness: for they shall suck of the abundance of the seas, and of treasures hid in the sand.

20 And of Gad he said, Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad: he dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the head.

21 And he provided the first part for himself, because there, in a portion of the lawgiver, was he seated; and he came with the heads of the people, he executed the justice of the Lord, and his judgments with Israel.

22 And of Dan he said, Dan is a lion's whelp: he shall leap from Bashan.

23 And of Naphtali he said, O Naphtali, satisfied with favour, and full with the blessing of the Lord: possess thou the west and the south.

24 And of Asher he said, Let Asher be blessed with children; let him be acceptable to his brethren, and let him dip his foot in oil.

25 Thy shoes shall be iron and brass; and as thy days, so shall thy strength be.

26 There is none like unto the God of Jeshurun, who rideth upon the heaven in thy help, and in his excellency on the sky.

27 The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms: and he shall thrust out the enemy from before thee; and shall say, Destroy them.

28 Israel then shall dwell in safety alone: the fountain of Jacob shall be upon a land of corn and wine; also his heavens shall drop down dew.

29 Happy art thou, O Israel: who is like unto thee, O people saved by the Lord, the shield of thy help, and who is the sword of thy excellency! and thine enemies shall be found liars unto thee; and thou shalt tread upon their high places.

Moses' Final Blessing on Israel

33 This is the blessing with which Moses (A)the man of God blessed the people of Israel before his death. He said,

(B)“The Lord came from Sinai
    and dawned from Seir upon us;[a]
    he shone forth from Mount Paran;
he came (C)from the ten thousands of holy ones,
    with flaming fire[b] at his right hand.
Yes, (D)he loved his people,[c]
    (E)all his holy ones were in his[d] hand;
(F)so they followed[e] in your steps,
    receiving direction from you,
when (G)Moses commanded us a law,
    as a possession for the assembly of Jacob.
Thus the Lord[f] (H)became king in (I)Jeshurun,
    when the heads of the people were gathered,
    all the tribes of Israel together.

(J)“Let Reuben live, and not die,
    but let his men be few.”

And this he said of Judah:

“Hear, O Lord, the voice of Judah,
    and bring him in to his people.
With your hands contend[g] for him,
    and be a help against his adversaries.”

And (K)of Levi he said,

“Give to Levi[h] (L)your Thummim,
    and your Urim to your godly one,
(M)whom you tested at Massah,
    with whom you quarreled at the waters of Meribah;
who said of his father and mother,
    ‘I regard them not’;
(N)he disowned his brothers
    and ignored his children.
For (O)they observed your word
    and kept your covenant.
10 (P)They shall teach Jacob your rules
    and Israel your law;
(Q)they shall put incense before you
    and (R)whole burnt offerings on your altar.
11 Bless, O Lord, his substance,
    and (S)accept the work of his hands;
crush the loins of his adversaries,
    of those who hate him, that they rise not again.”

12 (T)Of Benjamin he said,

“The beloved of the Lord dwells in safety.
The High God[i] surrounds him all day long,
    and dwells between his shoulders.”

13 And (U)of Joseph he said,

(V)“Blessed by the Lord be his land,
    with the choicest gifts of heaven (W)above,[j]
    and of the deep that crouches beneath,
14 with the choicest fruits of the sun
    and the rich yield of the months,
15 with the finest produce of the ancient mountains
    and the abundance of (X)the everlasting hills,
16 with the best gifts of the earth and (Y)its fullness
    and the favor of (Z)him who dwells in the bush.
May these rest on the head of Joseph,
    on the pate of him who is prince among his brothers.
17 (AA)A firstborn bull[k]—he has majesty,
    and his horns are the horns of a (AB)wild ox;
with them (AC)he shall gore the peoples,
    all of them, to the ends of the earth;
(AD)they are the ten thousands of Ephraim,
    and they are the thousands of Manasseh.”

18 And of Zebulun he said,

(AE)“Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out,
    and Issachar, in your tents.
19 They shall call peoples (AF)to their mountain;
    there they offer (AG)right sacrifices;
for they draw from the abundance of the seas
    and the hidden treasures of the sand.”

20 And (AH)of Gad he said,

“Blessed be he who enlarges Gad!
    Gad crouches (AI)like a lion;
    he tears off arm and scalp.
21 (AJ)He chose the best of the land for himself,
    for there a commander's portion was reserved;
and (AK)he came with the heads of the people,
    with Israel he executed the justice of the Lord,
    and his judgments for Israel.”

22 And (AL)of Dan he said,

(AM)“Dan is a lion's cub
    (AN)that leaps from Bashan.”

23 And (AO)of Naphtali he said,

“O Naphtali, sated with favor,
    and full of the blessing of the Lord,
    (AP)possess the lake[l] and the south.”

24 And (AQ)of Asher he said,

“Most blessed of sons be Asher;
    let him be the favorite of his brothers,
    and let him (AR)dip his foot in oil.
25 Your bars shall be iron and bronze,
    and as your days, so shall your strength be.

26 (AS)“There is none like God, O (AT)Jeshurun,
    (AU)who rides through the heavens to your help,
    through the skies in his majesty.
27 The eternal God is your (AV)dwelling place,[m]
    and underneath are the everlasting arms.[n]
And he thrust out the enemy before you
    and said, ‘Destroy.’
28 So Israel lived in safety,
    (AW)Jacob lived (AX)alone,[o]
in a land of grain and wine,
    whose heavens drop down dew.
29 Happy are you, O Israel! (AY)Who is like you,
    a people (AZ)saved by the Lord,
(BA)the shield of your help,
    and the sword of your triumph!
Your enemies shall come fawning to you,
    and you shall tread upon their backs.”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 33:2 Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate; Hebrew them
  2. Deuteronomy 33:2 The meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain
  3. Deuteronomy 33:3 Septuagint; Hebrew peoples
  4. Deuteronomy 33:3 Hebrew your
  5. Deuteronomy 33:3 The meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain
  6. Deuteronomy 33:5 Hebrew Thus he
  7. Deuteronomy 33:7 Probable reading; Hebrew With his hands he contended
  8. Deuteronomy 33:8 Dead Sea Scroll, Septuagint; Masoretic Text lacks Give to Levi
  9. Deuteronomy 33:12 Septuagint; Hebrew dwells in safety by him. He
  10. Deuteronomy 33:13 Two Hebrew manuscripts and Targum; Hebrew with the dew
  11. Deuteronomy 33:17 Dead Sea Scroll, Septuagint, Samaritan; Masoretic Text His firstborn bull
  12. Deuteronomy 33:23 Or west
  13. Deuteronomy 33:27 Or a dwelling place
  14. Deuteronomy 33:27 Revocalization of verse 27 yields He subdues the ancient gods, and shatters the forces of old
  15. Deuteronomy 33:28 Hebrew the abode of Jacob was alone

Moses Blesses the Tribes(A)

33 This is the blessing(B) that Moses the man of God(C) pronounced on the Israelites before his death. He said:

“The Lord came from Sinai(D)
    and dawned over them from Seir;(E)
    he shone forth(F) from Mount Paran.(G)
He came with[a] myriads of holy ones(H)
    from the south, from his mountain slopes.[b]
Surely it is you who love(I) the people;
    all the holy ones are in your hand.(J)
At your feet they all bow down,(K)
    and from you receive instruction,
the law that Moses gave us,(L)
    the possession of the assembly of Jacob.(M)
He was king(N) over Jeshurun[c](O)
    when the leaders of the people assembled,
    along with the tribes of Israel.

“Let Reuben live and not die,
    nor[d] his people be few.”(P)

And this he said about Judah:(Q)

“Hear, Lord, the cry of Judah;
    bring him to his people.
With his own hands he defends his cause.
    Oh, be his help against his foes!”

About Levi(R) he said:

“Your Thummim and Urim(S) belong
    to your faithful servant.(T)
You tested(U) him at Massah;
    you contended with him at the waters of Meribah.(V)
He said of his father and mother,(W)
    ‘I have no regard for them.’
He did not recognize his brothers
    or acknowledge his own children,
but he watched over your word
    and guarded your covenant.(X)
10 He teaches(Y) your precepts to Jacob
    and your law to Israel.(Z)
He offers incense before you(AA)
    and whole burnt offerings on your altar.(AB)
11 Bless all his skills, Lord,
    and be pleased with the work of his hands.(AC)
Strike down those who rise against him,
    his foes till they rise no more.”

12 About Benjamin(AD) he said:

“Let the beloved of the Lord rest secure in him,(AE)
    for he shields him all day long,(AF)
    and the one the Lord loves(AG) rests between his shoulders.(AH)

13 About Joseph(AI) he said:

“May the Lord bless his land
    with the precious dew from heaven above
    and with the deep waters that lie below;(AJ)
14 with the best the sun brings forth
    and the finest the moon can yield;
15 with the choicest gifts of the ancient mountains(AK)
    and the fruitfulness of the everlasting hills;
16 with the best gifts of the earth and its fullness
    and the favor of him who dwelt in the burning bush.(AL)
Let all these rest on the head of Joseph,
    on the brow of the prince among[e] his brothers.(AM)
17 In majesty he is like a firstborn bull;
    his horns(AN) are the horns of a wild ox.(AO)
With them he will gore(AP) the nations,
    even those at the ends of the earth.
Such are the ten thousands of Ephraim;(AQ)
    such are the thousands of Manasseh.(AR)

18 About Zebulun(AS) he said:

“Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out,
    and you, Issachar,(AT) in your tents.
19 They will summon peoples to the mountain(AU)
    and there offer the sacrifices of the righteous;(AV)
they will feast on the abundance of the seas,(AW)
    on the treasures hidden in the sand.”

20 About Gad(AX) he said:

“Blessed is he who enlarges Gad’s domain!(AY)
    Gad lives there like a lion,
    tearing at arm or head.
21 He chose the best land for himself;(AZ)
    the leader’s portion was kept for him.(BA)
When the heads of the people assembled,
    he carried out the Lord’s righteous will,(BB)
    and his judgments concerning Israel.”

22 About Dan(BC) he said:

“Dan is a lion’s cub,
    springing out of Bashan.”

23 About Naphtali(BD) he said:

“Naphtali is abounding with the favor of the Lord
    and is full of his blessing;
    he will inherit southward to the lake.”

24 About Asher(BE) he said:

“Most blessed of sons is Asher;
    let him be favored by his brothers,
    and let him bathe his feet in oil.(BF)
25 The bolts of your gates will be iron and bronze,(BG)
    and your strength will equal your days.(BH)

26 “There is no one like the God of Jeshurun,(BI)
    who rides(BJ) across the heavens to help you(BK)
    and on the clouds(BL) in his majesty.(BM)
27 The eternal(BN) God is your refuge,(BO)
    and underneath are the everlasting(BP) arms.
He will drive out your enemies before you,(BQ)
    saying, ‘Destroy them!’(BR)
28 So Israel will live in safety;(BS)
    Jacob will dwell[f] secure
in a land of grain and new wine,
    where the heavens drop dew.(BT)
29 Blessed are you, Israel!(BU)
    Who is like you,(BV)
    a people saved by the Lord?(BW)
He is your shield and helper(BX)
    and your glorious sword.
Your enemies will cower before you,
    and you will tread on their heights.(BY)

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 33:2 Or from
  2. Deuteronomy 33:2 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
  3. Deuteronomy 33:5 Jeshurun means the upright one, that is, Israel; also in verse 26.
  4. Deuteronomy 33:6 Or but let
  5. Deuteronomy 33:16 Or of the one separated from
  6. Deuteronomy 33:28 Septuagint; Hebrew Jacob’s spring is