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Leyes diversas

22 »No verás extraviado el buey de tu hermano[a], o su oveja, sin que te ocupes de ellos[b]; sin falta los llevarás a tu hermano(A). Y si tu hermano no vive cerca de ti, o si no lo conoces, entonces lo traerás a tu casa, y estará contigo hasta que tu hermano lo busque; entonces se lo devolverás. Así harás con su asno, y lo mismo harás con su vestido; así harás igualmente con cualquier cosa que tu hermano haya perdido y que tú halles. No te es permitido ignorarlos[c]. No verás el asno de tu hermano, o su buey, caído en el camino sin ocuparte de ellos[d]; sin falta lo ayudarás a levantarlos.

»La mujer no vestirá ropa de hombre, ni el hombre se pondrá ropa de mujer; porque cualquiera que hace esto es abominación al Señor tu Dios.

»Si encuentras un nido de pájaros por el camino, en un árbol o en la tierra, con polluelos o con huevos, y la madre echada sobre los polluelos o sobre los huevos, no tomarás la madre con los hijos(B); sin falta dejarás ir a la madre, aunque a los hijos los puedes tomar para ti, para que te vaya bien y prolongues tus días(C).

»Cuando edifiques casa nueva, le harás un muro a tu azotea, para que no traigas culpa de sangre sobre tu casa si alguien se cayera de ella.

»No sembrarás tu viña con dos clases de semilla(D), no sea que todo el fruto[e] de la semilla que hayas sembrado y el producto de la viña queden inservibles[f]. 10 No ararás con buey y asno juntos(E). 11 No vestirás ropa de material mezclado de lana y lino(F).

12 »Te harás borlas en las cuatro puntas del manto con que te cubras(G).

Leyes sobre la moralidad

13 »Si un hombre toma a una mujer y se llega a ella, y después la aborrece(H), 14 y la acusa de actos vergonzosos y la denuncia públicamente[g] y dice: “Tomé a esta mujer, pero al llegarme a ella no la encontré virgen”, 15 entonces el padre y la madre de la joven tomarán las pruebas de la virginidad de la joven y las llevarán[h] a los ancianos de la ciudad, a la puerta. 16 Y el padre de la joven dirá a los ancianos: “Yo di mi hija por mujer a este hombre, pero él la aborreció; 17 ahora él le atribuye actos vergonzosos, diciendo: ‘No encontré virgen a tu hija’. Pero esta es[i] la prueba de la virginidad de mi hija”. Y extenderán la ropa delante de los ancianos de la ciudad.

18 »Entonces los ancianos de la ciudad(I) tomarán al hombre y lo castigarán; 19 le pondrán una multa de 100 siclos (1.14 kilos) de plata, que darán al padre de la joven, porque denunció públicamente a[j] una virgen de Israel. Y ella seguirá siendo su mujer; no podrá despedirla en todos sus días. 20 Pero si el asunto es verdad(J), que la joven no fue hallada virgen, 21 entonces llevarán a la joven a la puerta de la casa de su padre, y los hombres de su ciudad la apedrearán hasta que muera, porque ella ha cometido una terrible ofensa[k] en Israel prostituyéndose en la casa de su padre(K). Así quitarás el mal de en medio de ti(L).

22 »Si se encuentra a un hombre acostado con una mujer casada, los dos morirán(M), el hombre que se acostó con la mujer, y la mujer. Así quitarás el mal de Israel.

23 »Si hay una joven virgen que está comprometida a un hombre, y otro hombre la encuentra en la ciudad y se acuesta con ella(N), 24 entonces ustedes llevarán a los dos a la puerta de esa ciudad y los apedrearán hasta que mueran; la joven, porque no dio voces en la ciudad, y el hombre, porque ha violado a la mujer de su prójimo; así quitarás el mal de en medio de ti.

25 »Pero si el hombre encuentra en el campo a la joven que está comprometida, y el hombre la fuerza y se acuesta con ella; entonces morirá solo el que se acuesta con ella. 26 No harás nada a la joven; no hay en la joven pecado digno de muerte, porque como cuando un hombre se levanta contra su vecino y lo mata, así es este caso. 27 Cuando él la encontró en el campo, la joven comprometida dio voces, pero no había nadie que la salvara.

28 »(O)Si un hombre encuentra a una joven virgen que no está comprometida, y se apodera de ella y se acuesta con ella, y son descubiertos, 29 entonces el hombre que se acostó con ella dará cincuenta siclos de plata al padre de la joven, y ella será su mujer porque la ha violado. No podrá despedirla en todos sus días.

30 »[l]Ninguno tomará a la mujer de su padre para que no descubra lo que es[m] de su padre(P).

Footnotes

  1. 22:1 O conciudadano, y así en el resto del cap.
  2. 22:1 Lit. y te escondas de ellos.
  3. 22:3 Lit. esconderte.
  4. 22:4 Lit. y te escondas de ellos.
  5. 22:9 Lit. que la plenitud.
  6. 22:9 Lit. consagrados.
  7. 22:14 Lit. hace que se divulgue contra ella mal nombre.
  8. 22:15 Lit. sacarán.
  9. 22:17 Lit. estas son.
  10. 22:19 Lit. hizo que se divulgara mal contra.
  11. 22:21 O infamia.
  12. 22:30 En el texto heb. cap. 23:1.
  13. 22:30 Lit. la vestidura.

22 Thou shalt not see thy brother’s ox or his sheep go astray, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt surely bring them again unto thy brother. And if thy brother be not nigh unto thee, or if thou know him not, then thou shalt bring it home to thy house, and it shall be with thee until thy brother seek after it, and thou shalt restore it to him. And so shalt thou do with his ass; and so shalt thou do with his garment; and so shalt thou do with every lost thing of thy brother’s, which he hath lost, and thou hast found: thou mayest not hide thyself. Thou shalt not see thy brother’s ass or his ox fallen down by the way, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt surely help him to lift them up again.

A woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman’s garment; for whosoever doeth these things is an abomination unto Jehovah thy God.

If a bird’s nest chance to be before thee in the way, in any tree or on the ground, with young ones or eggs, and the dam sitting upon the young, or upon the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young: thou shalt surely let the dam go, but the young thou mayest take unto thyself; that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days.

When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence.

Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with two kinds of seed, lest the [a]whole fruit be [b]forfeited, the seed which thou hast sown, and the increase of the vineyard. 10 Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together. 11 Thou shalt not wear a mingled stuff, wool and linen together.

12 Thou shalt make thee [c]fringes upon the four borders of thy vesture, wherewith thou coverest thyself.

13 If any man take a wife, and go in unto her, and hate her, 14 and lay shameful things to her charge, and bring up an evil name upon her, and say, I took this woman, and when I came nigh to her, I found not in her the tokens of virginity; 15 then shall the father of the damsel, and her mother, take and bring forth the tokens of the damsel’s virginity unto the elders of the city in the gate; 16 and the damsel’s father shall say unto the elders, I gave my daughter unto this man to wife, and he hateth her; 17 and, lo, he hath laid shameful things to her charge, saying, I found not in thy daughter the tokens of virginity; and yet these are the tokens of my daughter’s virginity. And they shall spread the garment before the elders of the city. 18 And the elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him; 19 and they shall fine him a hundred shekels of silver, and give them unto the father of the damsel, because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel: and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days. 20 But if this thing be true, that the tokens of virginity were not found in the damsel; 21 then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father’s house, and the men of her city shall stone her to death with stones, because she hath wrought folly in Israel, to play the harlot in her father’s house: so shalt thou put away the evil from the midst of thee.

22 If a man be found lying with a woman married to a husband, then they shall both of them die, the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou put away the evil from Israel.

23 If there be a damsel that is a virgin betrothed unto a husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her; 24 then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of that city, and ye shall stone them to death with stones; the damsel, because she cried not, being in the city; and the man, because he hath humbled his neighbor’s wife: so thou shalt put away the evil from the midst of thee.

25 But if the man find the damsel that is betrothed in the field, and the man force her, and lie with her; then the man only that lay with her shall die: 26 but unto the damsel thou shalt do nothing; there is in the damsel no sin worthy of death: for as when a man riseth against his neighbor, and slayeth him, even so is this matter; 27 for he found her in the field, the betrothed damsel cried, and there was none to save her.

28 If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, that is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found; 29 then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel’s father fifty shekels of silver, and she shall be his wife, because he hath humbled her; he may not put her away all his days.

30 A man shall not take his father’s wife, and shall not uncover his father’s skirt.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 22:9 Hebrew fulness.
  2. Deuteronomy 22:9 Hebrew consecrated.
  3. Deuteronomy 22:12 Or, twisted threads

Various Laws of Morality

22 “You (A)shall not see your brother’s ox or his sheep going astray, and [a]hide yourself from them; you shall certainly bring them back to your brother. And if your brother is not near you, or if you do not know him, then you shall bring it to your own house, and it shall remain with you until your brother seeks it; then you shall restore it to him. You shall do the same with his donkey, and so shall you do with his garment; with any lost thing of your brother’s, which he has lost and you have found, you shall do likewise; you [b]must not hide yourself.

(B)“You shall not see your brother’s donkey or his ox fall down along the road, and hide yourself from them; you shall surely help him lift them up again.

“A woman shall not wear anything that pertains to a man, nor shall a man put on a woman’s garment, for all who do so are [c]an abomination to the Lord your God.

“If a bird’s nest happens to be before you along the way, in any tree or on the ground, with young ones or eggs, with the mother sitting on the young or on the eggs, (C)you shall not take the mother with the young; you shall surely let the mother go, and take the young for yourself, (D)that it may be well with you and that you may prolong your days.

“When you build a new house, then you shall make a parapet for your roof, that you may not bring guilt of bloodshed on your household if anyone falls from it.

(E)“You shall not sow your vineyard with different kinds of seed, lest the yield of the seed which you have sown and the fruit of your vineyard be defiled.

10 (F)“You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey together.

11 (G)“You shall not wear a garment of different sorts, such as wool and linen mixed together.

12 “You shall make (H)tassels on the four corners of the clothing with which you cover yourself.

Laws of Sexual Morality

13 “If any man takes a wife, and goes in to her, and (I)detests her, 14 and charges her with shameful conduct, and brings a bad name on her, and says, ‘I took this woman, and when I came to her I found she was not a virgin,’ 15 then the father and mother of the young woman shall take and bring out the evidence of the young woman’s virginity to the elders of the city at the gate. 16 And the young woman’s father shall say to the elders, ‘I gave my daughter to this man as wife, and he detests her. 17 Now he has charged her with shameful conduct, saying, “I found your daughter was not a virgin,” and yet these are the evidences of my daughter’s virginity.’ And they shall spread the cloth before the elders of the city. 18 Then the elders of that city shall take that man and punish him; 19 and they shall fine him one hundred shekels of silver and give them to the father of the young woman, because he has brought a bad name on a virgin of Israel. And she shall be his wife; he cannot divorce her all his days.

20 “But if the thing is true, and evidences of virginity are not found for the young woman, 21 then they shall bring out the young woman to the door of her father’s house, and the men of her city shall stone her to death with (J)stones, because she has (K)done a disgraceful thing in Israel, to play the harlot in her father’s house. (L)So you shall [d]put away the evil from among you.

22 (M)“If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, then both of them shall die—the man that lay with the woman, and the woman; so you shall put away the evil from Israel.

23 “If a young woman who is a virgin is (N)betrothed to a husband, and a man finds her in the city and lies with her, 24 then you shall bring them both out to the gate of that city, and you shall stone them to death with stones, the young woman because she did not cry out in the city, and the man because he (O)humbled his neighbor’s wife; (P)so you shall put away the evil from among you.

25 “But if a man finds a betrothed young woman in the countryside, and the man forces her and lies with her, then only the man who lay with her shall die. 26 But you shall do nothing to the young woman; there is in the young woman no sin deserving of death, for just as when a man rises against his neighbor and kills him, even so is this matter. 27 For he found her in the countryside, and the betrothed young woman cried out, but there was no one to save her.

28 (Q)“If a man finds a young woman who is a virgin, who is not betrothed, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are found out, 29 then the man who lay with her shall give to the young woman’s father (R)fifty shekels of silver, and she shall be his wife (S)because he has humbled her; he shall not be permitted to divorce her all his days.

30 (T)“A man shall not take his father’s wife, nor (U)uncover his father’s bed.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 22:1 ignore them
  2. Deuteronomy 22:3 may not avoid responsibility
  3. Deuteronomy 22:5 detestable
  4. Deuteronomy 22:21 purge the evil person

22 If you see your fellow Israelite’s ox or sheep straying, do not ignore it but be sure to take it back to its owner.(A) If they do not live near you or if you do not know who owns it, take it home with you and keep it until they come looking for it. Then give it back. Do the same if you find their donkey or cloak or anything else they have lost. Do not ignore it.

If you see your fellow Israelite’s donkey(B) or ox fallen on the road, do not ignore it. Help the owner get it to its feet.(C)

A woman must not wear men’s clothing, nor a man wear women’s clothing, for the Lord your God detests anyone who does this.

If you come across a bird’s nest beside the road, either in a tree or on the ground, and the mother is sitting on the young or on the eggs, do not take the mother with the young.(D) You may take the young, but be sure to let the mother go,(E) so that it may go well with you and you may have a long life.(F)

When you build a new house, make a parapet around your roof so that you may not bring the guilt of bloodshed on your house if someone falls from the roof.(G)

Do not plant two kinds of seed in your vineyard;(H) if you do, not only the crops you plant but also the fruit of the vineyard will be defiled.[a]

10 Do not plow with an ox and a donkey yoked together.(I)

11 Do not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together.(J)

12 Make tassels on the four corners of the cloak you wear.(K)

Marriage Violations

13 If a man takes a wife and, after sleeping with her(L), dislikes her 14 and slanders her and gives her a bad name, saying, “I married this woman, but when I approached her, I did not find proof of her virginity,” 15 then the young woman’s father and mother shall bring to the town elders at the gate(M) proof that she was a virgin. 16 Her father will say to the elders, “I gave my daughter in marriage to this man, but he dislikes her. 17 Now he has slandered her and said, ‘I did not find your daughter to be a virgin.’ But here is the proof of my daughter’s virginity.” Then her parents shall display the cloth before the elders of the town, 18 and the elders(N) shall take the man and punish him. 19 They shall fine him a hundred shekels[b] of silver and give them to the young woman’s father, because this man has given an Israelite virgin a bad name. She shall continue to be his wife; he must not divorce her as long as he lives.

20 If, however, the charge is true(O) and no proof of the young woman’s virginity can be found, 21 she shall be brought to the door of her father’s house and there the men of her town shall stone her to death. She has done an outrageous thing(P) in Israel by being promiscuous while still in her father’s house. You must purge the evil from among you.

22 If a man is found sleeping with another man’s wife, both the man who slept(Q) with her and the woman must die.(R) You must purge the evil from Israel.

23 If a man happens to meet in a town a virgin pledged to be married and he sleeps with her, 24 you shall take both of them to the gate of that town and stone them to death—the young woman because she was in a town and did not scream for help, and the man because he violated another man’s wife. You must purge the evil from among you.(S)

25 But if out in the country a man happens to meet a young woman pledged to be married and rapes her, only the man who has done this shall die. 26 Do nothing to the woman; she has committed no sin deserving death. This case is like that of someone who attacks and murders a neighbor, 27 for the man found the young woman out in the country, and though the betrothed woman screamed,(T) there was no one to rescue her.

28 If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered,(U) 29 he shall pay her father fifty shekels[c] of silver. He must marry the young woman, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives.

30 A man is not to marry his father’s wife; he must not dishonor his father’s bed.[d](V)

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 22:9 Or be forfeited to the sanctuary
  2. Deuteronomy 22:19 That is, about 2 1/2 pounds or about 1.2 kilograms
  3. Deuteronomy 22:29 That is, about 1 1/4 pounds or about 575 grams
  4. Deuteronomy 22:30 In Hebrew texts this verse (22:30) is numbered 23:1.