Add parallel Print Page Options

Las ciudades de refugio

19 “Cuando el SEÑOR tu Dios extermine las naciones cuya tierra el SEÑOR tu Dios te da, y tú las desalojes y habites en sus ciudades y en sus casas, apartarás tres ciudades en medio de la tierra que el SEÑOR tu Dios te da para que la tomes en posesión. Arreglarás el camino y dividirás en tres distritos el territorio de tu tierra que el SEÑOR tu Dios te da en heredad, para que huya allí todo homicida.

“Este es el caso del homicida que puede huir allí para salvar su vida: el que mata a su prójimo por accidente, sin haberle tenido aversión previamente; como el que va con su prójimo al bosque a cortar leña, y alzando su mano con el hacha para cortar un tronco, se le suelta el hierro del palo y alcanza a su compañero, de modo que este muere. Aquel podrá huir a una de aquellas ciudades y vivir. No sea que cuando su corazón arda en ira, el vengador de la sangre persiga al homicida, lo alcance por ser largo el camino y lo hiera de muerte, a pesar de que aquel no merecía ser condenado a muerte, porque no le había tenido aversión previamente.

“Por tanto, yo te mando diciendo: Aparta para ti tres ciudades. Y si el SEÑOR tu Dios ensancha tu territorio, como lo juró a tus padres, y te da toda la tierra que prometió dar a tus padres, cuando guardes todos estos mandamientos que yo te ordeno hoy para ponerlos por obra, ames al SEÑOR tu Dios y andes en sus caminos todos los días, entonces añadirás para ti tres ciudades más a estas tres. 10 Así no será derramada sangre inocente en medio de tu tierra que el SEÑOR tu Dios te da por heredad, de modo que haya sobre ti culpa de sangre.

11 “Pero si alguien aborrece a su prójimo y lo acecha; si se levanta contra él y lo hiere de muerte, y él muere; si huye a alguna de estas ciudades, 12 los ancianos de su ciudad enviarán a sacarlo de allí. Entonces lo entregarán en manos del vengador de la sangre, y morirá. 13 Tu ojo no le tendrá lástima; quitarás de Israel la culpa de sangre inocente, y te irá bien.

Acerca de los linderos

14 “No cambiarás de lugar los linderos de tu prójimo, los cuales habrán sido establecidos por los antepasados en la heredad tuya, que recibirás en la tierra que el SEÑOR tu Dios te da para que tomes posesión de ella.

Acerca de los testigos

15 “No prevalecerá un solo testigo contra alguna persona, por cualquier maldad o pecado que haya cometido. Por el testimonio de dos o tres testigos se decidirá un asunto.

16 “Cuando se levante un testigo falso contra alguien, para acusarlo de transgresión, 17 entonces los dos hombres que están en litigio se presentarán delante del SEÑOR, ante los sacerdotes y los jueces que haya en aquellos días. 18 Los jueces investigarán bien, y si aquel testigo resulta ser falso, por haber testificado falsamente contra su hermano, 19 le harán a él lo que él pensó hacerle a su hermano. Así quitarás el mal de en medio de ti. 20 Los que queden lo oirán y temerán, y no volverán a hacer semejante maldad en medio de ti. 21 Tu ojo no le tendrá lástima. ¡Vida por vida, ojo por ojo, diente por diente, mano por mano, pie por pie!

Cities of Safety

19 When the Lord your God gives you land that belongs to the other nations, nations that he will ·destroy [cut off], you will ·force them out [dispossess them] and live in their cities and houses. Then ·choose [set apart; separate] three cities in the middle of the land the Lord your God is giving you as your ·own [possession]. ·Build roads to these cities [or Work out the distances], and divide the land the Lord is giving you into three parts so that someone who kills another person may run to ·these cities [L there].

This is the rule for someone who kills another person and runs to one of these cities in order to save his life [Ex. 21:13–14; Num. 35:6–34; Josh. 20]. But the person must have killed a neighbor ·without meaning to [accidentally; unintentionally], not out of hatred. For example, suppose someone goes into the forest with a neighbor to cut wood and swings an ax to cut down a tree. If the ax head ·flies [slips] off the handle, ·hitting and killing [L finds] the neighbor, the one who killed him may run to one of these cities to save his life. Otherwise, the ·dead person’s relative who has the duty of punishing a murderer [near-kinsman; L avenger of blood] might be angry and chase him. If the city is far away, the relative might ·catch [L pursue and overtake] and kill the person, even though he should not be killed because there was no intent to kill his neighbor. This is why I command you to ·choose [set apart; separate] these three cities.

Carefully obey all these laws I’m ·giving [commanding] you today. Love the Lord your God, and always do what he wants you to do. Then the Lord your God will enlarge your ·land [boundaries] as he ·promised [L swore to] your ·ancestors [fathers], giving you the whole land he promised to them. After that, ·choose three more cities of safety [L add three more cities to these three] 10 so that innocent ·people will not be killed [L blood will not be shed] in your land, the land that the Lord your God is giving you as your ·own [L inheritance]. ·By doing this you will not be guilty of allowing the death of innocent people [L …bringing bloodguilt on you].

11 But if a person hates his neighbor and, after ·hiding and waiting [lying in wait], ·attacks [L rises up] and ·kills [L strikes] him and then runs to one of these cities for safety, 12 the elders of his own city should send for the murderer. They should bring the person back from the city of safety and hand him over to the ·relative who has the duty of punishing the murderer [near-kinsman; L avenger of blood]. 13 ·Show no mercy [L Do not let your eyes show compassion on him]. You must ·remove [banish; purge] from Israel the ·guilt of murdering [L blood of] innocent people so that things will go well for you.

14 Do not move the ·stone that marks the border [boundary marker] of your neighbor’s land, which people long ago set in place [27:17; Job 24:2–4; Prov. 23:10–11; Hos. 5:10]. It marks what you inherit in the land the Lord your God is giving you as your ·own [possession].

Rules About Witnesses

15 One witness is not enough to accuse a person of a crime or sin. A case must be proved by two or three witnesses [17:6; Num. 35:30].

16 If a witness ·lies [is malicious/unjust] and accuses a person of a crime, 17 the two people who are arguing must stand in the presence of the Lord before the priests and judges who are ·on duty [in office in those days]. 18 The judges must check the matter carefully. The witness who is a liar, lying about a ·fellow Israelite [relative; brother], 19 must be punished. He must be punished in the same way the ·other person [relative; brother] would have been punished. You must ·get rid of [banish; purge] the evil among you. 20 The rest of the people will hear about this and be afraid, and no one among you will ever do such an evil thing again. 21 ·Show no mercy [L Do not let your eyes show compassion on him]. A life must be paid for a life, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot [Ex. 21:24–25; Lev. 24:17–20].

Cities of Refuge(A)

19 When the Lord your God has destroyed the nations whose land he is giving you, and when you have driven them out and settled in their towns and houses,(B) then set aside for yourselves three cities in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess. Determine the distances involved and divide into three parts the land the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that a person who kills someone may flee for refuge to one of these cities.

This is the rule concerning anyone who kills a person and flees there for safety—anyone who kills a neighbor unintentionally, without malice aforethought. For instance, a man may go into the forest with his neighbor to cut wood, and as he swings his ax to fell a tree, the head may fly off and hit his neighbor and kill him. That man may flee to one of these cities and save his life. Otherwise, the avenger of blood(C) might pursue him in a rage, overtake him if the distance is too great, and kill him even though he is not deserving of death, since he did it to his neighbor without malice aforethought. This is why I command you to set aside for yourselves three cities.

If the Lord your God enlarges your territory,(D) as he promised(E) on oath to your ancestors, and gives you the whole land he promised them, because you carefully follow all these laws I command you today—to love the Lord your God and to walk always in obedience to him(F)—then you are to set aside three more cities. 10 Do this so that innocent blood(G) will not be shed in your land, which the Lord your God is giving you as your inheritance, and so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed.(H)

11 But if out of hate someone lies in wait, assaults and kills a neighbor,(I) and then flees to one of these cities, 12 the killer shall be sent for by the town elders, be brought back from the city, and be handed over to the avenger of blood to die. 13 Show no pity.(J) You must purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood,(K) so that it may go well with you.

14 Do not move your neighbor’s boundary stone set up by your predecessors in the inheritance you receive in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess.(L)

Witnesses

15 One witness is not enough to convict anyone accused of any crime or offense they may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.(M)

16 If a malicious witness(N) takes the stand to accuse someone of a crime, 17 the two people involved in the dispute must stand in the presence of the Lord before the priests and the judges(O) who are in office at the time. 18 The judges must make a thorough investigation,(P) and if the witness proves to be a liar, giving false testimony against a fellow Israelite, 19 then do to the false witness as that witness intended to do to the other party.(Q) You must purge the evil from among you. 20 The rest of the people will hear of this and be afraid,(R) and never again will such an evil thing be done among you. 21 Show no pity:(S) life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.(T)