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Liberación de las deudas

15 »Al final de cada séptimo año, tienes que anular las deudas de todos los que te deban dinero. Lo harás de la siguiente manera: cada uno anulará los préstamos que le haya hecho a otro hermano israelita; nadie exigirá ningún pago de sus vecinos ni de sus parientes, porque habrá llegado el tiempo del Señor para la liberación de las deudas. Sin embargo, esa liberación solo sirve para tus hermanos israelitas, pero no para los extranjeros que vivan en medio de ti.

»No deberá haber pobres en medio de ti, porque el Señor tu Dios te bendecirá en abundancia en la tierra que te da como preciada posesión. Recibirás esa bendición si te aseguras de obedecer los mandatos del Señor tu Dios que te entrego hoy. El Señor tu Dios te bendecirá tal como lo prometió. Prestarás dinero a muchas naciones, pero nunca tendrás necesidad de pedirles prestado. Tú gobernarás a muchas naciones, pero ellas no te gobernarán a ti.

»Pero si hubiera israelitas pobres en tus ciudades cuando llegues a la tierra que el Señor tu Dios te da, no seas insensible ni tacaño con ellos. En cambio, sé generoso y préstales lo que necesiten. No seas mezquino ni le niegues un préstamo a alguien por el hecho de que se acerca el año para anular las deudas. Si te niegas a dar el préstamo, y la persona con necesidad clama al Señor, serás culpable de pecado. 10 Da al pobre con generosidad, no de mala gana, porque el Señor tu Dios te bendecirá en todo lo que hagas. 11 Siempre habrá algunos que serán pobres en tu tierra, por eso te ordeno que compartas tus bienes generosamente con ellos y también con otros israelitas que pasen necesidad.

Liberación para los esclavos hebreos

12 »Si tu hermano hebreo, hombre o mujer, se vende a ti como siervo[a] y te sirve por seis años, al séptimo año deberás dejarlo en libertad.

13 »Cuando liberes a un siervo varón, no lo despidas con las manos vacías. 14 Sé generoso con él y regálale como despedida algo de tus rebaños, de tus granos y de tus vinos. Dale parte de la abundante riqueza con la que el Señor tu Dios te haya bendecido. 15 ¡Recuerda que una vez tú fuiste esclavo en la tierra de Egipto y que el Señor tu Dios te liberó! Por esa razón, te doy este mandato.

16 »Pero supongamos que tu siervo dice: “No te dejaré”, porque se ha encariñado contigo y con tu familia, y le ha ido bien en tu casa. 17 En ese caso, toma un punzón y perfórale el lóbulo de la oreja contra la puerta. Entonces será tu siervo por el resto de su vida. Haz lo mismo con tus siervas.

18 »No pienses que liberar a tus siervos es una gran pérdida. Recuerda que, durante seis años, te brindaron un servicio que vale el doble del salario de un obrero contratado, y el Señor tu Dios te bendecirá en todo lo que hagas.

Sacrificio de los machos de las primeras crías

19 »Tienes que separar para el Señor tu Dios los primeros machos que nazcan de las crías de tus rebaños y manadas. No uses la primera cría de tu manada para trabajar el campo ni trasquiles la primera cría de tu rebaño. 20 En cambio, te comerás esos animales con tu familia cada año en la presencia del Señor tu Dios, en el lugar que él elija. 21 Sin embargo, si la primera cría tiene algún defecto—si es ciego, cojo o con otra anormalidad—no deberás ofrecerla en sacrificio al Señor tu Dios. 22 Más bien, úsala como alimento para tu familia en la ciudad donde vives. Cualquier persona, esté o no ceremonialmente pura, puede comer de ese animal, tal como cualquiera puede comer de una gacela o de un ciervo. 23 Pero por ninguna razón consumas la sangre. Deberás derramarla sobre la tierra como si fuera agua.

Footnotes

  1. 15:12 O Si te venden a un hombre o a una mujer de origen hebreo.

The Year for Canceling Debts(A)

15 At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts.(B) This is how it is to be done: Every creditor shall cancel any loan they have made to a fellow Israelite. They shall not require payment from anyone among their own people, because the Lord’s time for canceling debts has been proclaimed. You may require payment from a foreigner,(C) but you must cancel any debt your fellow Israelite owes you. However, there need be no poor people among you, for in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess as your inheritance, he will richly bless(D) you, if only you fully obey the Lord your God and are careful to follow(E) all these commands I am giving you today. For the Lord your God will bless you as he has promised, and you will lend to many nations but will borrow from none. You will rule over many nations but none will rule over you.(F)

If anyone is poor(G) among your fellow Israelites in any of the towns of the land the Lord your God is giving you, do not be hardhearted or tightfisted(H) toward them. Rather, be openhanded(I) and freely lend them whatever they need. Be careful not to harbor this wicked thought: “The seventh year, the year for canceling debts,(J) is near,” so that you do not show ill will(K) toward the needy among your fellow Israelites and give them nothing. They may then appeal to the Lord against you, and you will be found guilty of sin.(L) 10 Give generously to them and do so without a grudging heart;(M) then because of this the Lord your God will bless(N) you in all your work and in everything you put your hand to. 11 There will always be poor people(O) in the land. Therefore I command you to be openhanded toward your fellow Israelites who are poor and needy in your land.(P)

Freeing Servants(Q)(R)

12 If any of your people—Hebrew men or women—sell themselves to you and serve you six years, in the seventh year you must let them go free.(S) 13 And when you release them, do not send them away empty-handed. 14 Supply them liberally from your flock, your threshing floor(T) and your winepress. Give to them as the Lord your God has blessed you. 15 Remember that you were slaves(U) in Egypt and the Lord your God redeemed you.(V) That is why I give you this command today.

16 But if your servant says to you, “I do not want to leave you,” because he loves you and your family and is well off with you, 17 then take an awl and push it through his earlobe into the door, and he will become your servant for life. Do the same for your female servant.

18 Do not consider it a hardship to set your servant free, because their service to you these six years has been worth twice as much as that of a hired hand. And the Lord your God will bless you in everything you do.

The Firstborn Animals

19 Set apart for the Lord(W) your God every firstborn male(X) of your herds and flocks.(Y) Do not put the firstborn of your cows to work, and do not shear the firstborn of your sheep.(Z) 20 Each year you and your family are to eat them in the presence of the Lord your God at the place he will choose.(AA) 21 If an animal has a defect,(AB) is lame or blind, or has any serious flaw, you must not sacrifice it to the Lord your God.(AC) 22 You are to eat it in your own towns. Both the ceremonially unclean and the clean may eat it, as if it were gazelle or deer.(AD) 23 But you must not eat the blood; pour it out on the ground like water.(AE)

The Sabbatical Year

15 “At the end of (A)every seven years you shall grant a release. And this is the manner of the release: every creditor shall release what he has lent to his neighbor. He shall not exact it of his neighbor, his brother, because the Lord's release has been proclaimed. (B)Of a foreigner you may exact it, but whatever of yours is with your brother your hand shall release. (C)But there will be no poor among you; (D)for the Lord will bless you in the land that the Lord your God is giving you for an inheritance to possess— (E)if only you will strictly obey the voice of the Lord your God, being careful to do all this commandment that I command you today. For the Lord your God will bless you, (F)as he promised you, and (G)you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow, and (H)you shall rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over you.

“If among you, one of your brothers should become poor, in any of your towns within your land that the Lord your God is giving you, (I)you shall not harden your heart or shut your hand against your poor brother, but (J)you shall open your hand to him and lend him sufficient for his need, whatever it may be. Take care lest there be an unworthy thought in your heart and you say, ‘The seventh year, the year of release is near,’ and your (K)eye look grudgingly[a] on your poor brother, and you give him nothing, and he (L)cry to the Lord against you, and (M)you be guilty of sin. 10 You shall give to him freely, and (N)your heart shall not be grudging when you give to him, because (O)for this the Lord your God will bless you in all your work and in all that you undertake. 11 For (P)there will never cease to be poor in the land. Therefore I command you, (Q)‘You shall open wide your hand to your brother, to the needy and to the poor, in your land.’

12 (R)“If your brother, a Hebrew man or a Hebrew woman, is sold[b] to you, he shall serve you six years, and in the seventh year you shall let him go free from you. 13 And when you let him go free from you, you shall not let him go empty-handed. 14 You shall furnish him liberally out of your flock, out of your threshing floor, and out of your winepress. (S)As the Lord your God has blessed you, you shall give to him. 15 (T)You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God redeemed you; therefore I command you this today. 16 But (U)if he says to you, ‘I will not go out from you,’ because he loves you and your household, since he is well-off with you, 17 then you shall take an awl, and put it through his ear into the door, and he shall be your slave[c] forever. And to your female slave[d] you shall do the same. 18 It shall not seem hard to you when you let him go free from you, for at half the cost of a hired worker he has served you six years. So the Lord your God will bless you in all that you do.

19 (V)“All the firstborn males that are born of your herd and flock you shall dedicate to the Lord your God. You shall do no work with the firstborn of your herd, nor shear the firstborn of your flock. 20 (W)You shall eat it, you and your household, before the Lord your God year by year at the place that the Lord will choose. 21 (X)But if it has any blemish, if it is lame or blind or has any serious blemish whatever, you shall not sacrifice it to the Lord your God. 22 You shall eat it within your towns. (Y)The unclean and the clean alike may eat it, as though it were a gazelle or a deer. 23 (Z)Only you shall not eat its blood; you shall pour it out on the ground like water.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 15:9 Or be evil; also verse 10
  2. Deuteronomy 15:12 Or sells himself
  3. Deuteronomy 15:17 Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles (see Preface)
  4. Deuteronomy 15:17 Or servant