³⁰ But ^(A)Sihon the king of ^(B)Heshbon would not let us pass by him, for the Lord your God ^(C)hardened his spirit and made his heart obstinate, that he might give him into your hand, as he is this day.

^23 (A)But Sihon would not allow Israel to pass through his territory. He gathered all his people together and went out against Israel to the wilderness and ^(B)came to Jahaz and fought against Israel.

²¹ And the Lord said to Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the ^(A)miracles that I have put in your power. But ^(B)I will harden his heart, so that he will not let the people go.

¹⁹ There was not a city that made peace with the people of Israel except ^(A)the Hivites, the inhabitants of Gibeon. They took them all in battle. ²⁰ For it was the Lord's doing ^(B)to harden their hearts that they should come against Israel in battle, in order that they should be devoted to destruction and should receive no mercy but be destroyed, ^(C)just as the Lord commanded Moses.

¹⁰ Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, and the Lord ^(A)hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go out of his land.

¹⁷ For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, ^(A)“For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” ¹⁸ So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.

¹⁹ You will say to me then, “Why does he still find fault? For ^(B)who can resist his will?” ²⁰ But who are you, O man, ^(C)to answer back to God? ^(D)Will what is molded say to its molder, “Why have you made me like this?” ^21 (E)Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump ^(F)one vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use? ²² What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience ^(G)vessels of wrath ^(H)prepared for destruction, ²³ in order to make known ^(I)the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he ^(J)has prepared beforehand for glory—

²⁰ but Sihon did not trust Israel to pass through his territory, so Sihon gathered all his people together and encamped at Jahaz and fought with Israel.