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Sanitary, Ritual, and Humanitarian Precepts

“When you are encamped against your enemies, you shall guard against every evil thing.

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Uncleanness in the Camp

When you are encamped against your enemies, keep away from everything impure.(A)

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18 As for you, keep away from the things devoted to destruction, so as not to covet[a] and take any of the devoted things and make the camp of Israel an object for destruction, bringing trouble upon it.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 6.18 Gk: Heb devote to destruction

18 But keep away from the devoted things,(A) so that you will not bring about your own destruction by taking any of them. Otherwise you will make the camp of Israel liable to destruction(B) and bring trouble(C) on it.

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The Rider on the White Horse

11 Then I saw heaven opened, and there was a white horse! Its rider is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he judges and wages war.(A) 12 His eyes are like[a] a flame of fire, and on his head are many diadems, and he has a name inscribed that no one knows but himself.(B) 13 He is clothed in a robe dipped in[b] blood, and his name is called The Word of God.(C) 14 And the armies of heaven, wearing fine linen, white and pure, were following him on white horses.

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Footnotes

  1. 19.12 Other ancient authorities omit like
  2. 19.13 Other ancient authorities read sprinkled with

The Heavenly Warrior Defeats the Beast

11 I saw heaven standing open(A) and there before me was a white horse, whose rider(B) is called Faithful and True.(C) With justice he judges and wages war.(D) 12 His eyes are like blazing fire,(E) and on his head are many crowns.(F) He has a name written on him(G) that no one knows but he himself.(H) 13 He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood,(I) and his name is the Word of God.(J) 14 The armies of heaven were following him, riding on white horses and dressed in fine linen,(K) white(L) and clean.

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The Reforms of Jehoshaphat

Jehoshaphat resided at Jerusalem; then he went out again among the people, from Beer-sheba to the hill country of Ephraim, and brought them back to the Lord, the God of their ancestors.(A)

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Jehoshaphat Appoints Judges

Jehoshaphat lived in Jerusalem, and he went out again among the people from Beersheba to the hill country of Ephraim and turned them back to the Lord, the God of their ancestors.

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26 Then all the Israelites, the whole army, went back to Bethel and wept, sitting there before the Lord; they fasted that day until evening. Then they offered burnt offerings and sacrifices of well-being before the Lord.(A)

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26 Then all the Israelites, the whole army, went up to Bethel, and there they sat weeping before the Lord.(A) They fasted(B) that day until evening and presented burnt offerings(C) and fellowship offerings(D) to the Lord.(E)

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14 Soldiers also asked him, “And we, what should we do?” He said to them, “Do not extort money from anyone by threats or false accusation, and be satisfied with your wages.”(A)

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14 Then some soldiers asked him, “And what should we do?”

He replied, “Don’t extort money and don’t accuse people falsely(A)—be content with your pay.”

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20 Hezekiah did this throughout all Judah; he did what was good and right and faithful before the Lord his God.(A) 21 And every work that he undertook in the service of the house of God and in accordance with the law and the commandments, to seek his God, he did with all his heart, and he prospered.

Sennacherib’s Invasion

32 After these things and these acts of faithfulness, King Sennacherib of Assyria came and invaded Judah and encamped against the fortified cities, thinking to win them for himself.(B) When Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come and intended to fight against Jerusalem, he planned with his officers and his warriors to stop the flow of the springs that were outside the city, and they helped him. A great many people were gathered, and they stopped all the springs and the wadi that flowed through the land, saying, “Why should the Assyrian kings come and find water in abundance?”(C) Hezekiah[a] strengthened himself and built up the entire wall that was broken down and raised towers on it,[b] and outside it he built another wall; he also strengthened the Millo in the city of David and made weapons and shields in abundance.(D) He appointed combat commanders over the people and gathered them together to him in the square at the gate of the city and spoke encouragingly to them, saying,(E) “Be strong and of good courage. Do not be afraid or dismayed before the king of Assyria and all the horde that is with him, for there is one greater with us than with him.(F) With him is an arm of flesh, but with us is the Lord our God, to help us and to fight our battles.” The people were encouraged by the words of King Hezekiah of Judah.(G)

After this, while King Sennacherib of Assyria was at Lachish with all his forces, he sent his servants to Jerusalem to King Hezekiah of Judah and to all the people of Judah who were in Jerusalem, saying, 10 “Thus says King Sennacherib of Assyria: On what are you relying, that you undergo the siege of Jerusalem? 11 Is not Hezekiah misleading you, handing you over to die by famine and by thirst, when he tells you, ‘The Lord our God will save us from the hand of the king of Assyria’?(H) 12 Was it not this same Hezekiah who took away his high places and his altars and commanded Judah and Jerusalem, saying, ‘Before one altar you shall worship, and upon it you shall make your offerings’?(I) 13 Do you not know what I and my ancestors have done to all the peoples of other lands? Were the gods of the nations of those lands at all able to save their lands out of my hand?(J) 14 Who among all the gods of those nations that my ancestors utterly destroyed was able to save his people from my hand, that your God should be able to save you from my hand?(K) 15 Now, therefore, do not let Hezekiah deceive you or mislead you in this fashion, and do not believe him, for no god of any nation or kingdom has been able to save his people from my hand or from the hand of my ancestors. How much less will your God save you out of my hand!”(L)

16 His servants said still more against the Lord God and against his servant Hezekiah. 17 He also wrote letters to throw contempt on the Lord the God of Israel and to speak against him, saying, “Just as the gods of the nations in other lands did not rescue their people from my hands, so the God of Hezekiah will not rescue his people from my hand.”(M) 18 They shouted it with a loud voice in the language of Judah to the people of Jerusalem who were on the wall, to frighten and terrify them, in order that they might take the city.(N) 19 They spoke of the God of Jerusalem as if he were like the gods of the peoples of the earth, which are the work of human hands.(O)

Sennacherib’s Defeat and Death

20 Then King Hezekiah and the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz prayed because of this and cried to heaven.(P) 21 And the Lord sent an angel who cut off all the mighty warriors and commanders and officers in the camp of the king of Assyria. So he returned in disgrace to his own land. When he came into the house of his god, some of his own sons struck him down there with the sword.(Q) 22 So the Lord saved Hezekiah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem from the hand of King Sennacherib of Assyria and from the hand of all his enemies; he gave them rest[c] on every side.

Footnotes

  1. 32.5 Heb He
  2. 32.5 Vg: Heb and raised on the towers
  3. 32.22 Gk Vg: Heb guided them

20 This is what Hezekiah did throughout Judah, doing what was good and right and faithful(A) before the Lord his God. 21 In everything that he undertook in the service of God’s temple and in obedience to the law and the commands, he sought his God and worked wholeheartedly. And so he prospered.(B)

Sennacherib Threatens Jerusalem(C)(D)

32 After all that Hezekiah had so faithfully done, Sennacherib(E) king of Assyria came and invaded Judah. He laid siege to the fortified cities, thinking to conquer them for himself. When Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come and that he intended to wage war against Jerusalem,(F) he consulted with his officials and military staff about blocking off the water from the springs outside the city, and they helped him. They gathered a large group of people who blocked all the springs(G) and the stream that flowed through the land. “Why should the kings[a] of Assyria come and find plenty of water?” they said. Then he worked hard repairing all the broken sections of the wall(H) and building towers on it. He built another wall outside that one and reinforced the terraces[b](I) of the City of David. He also made large numbers of weapons(J) and shields.

He appointed military officers over the people and assembled them before him in the square at the city gate and encouraged them with these words: “Be strong and courageous.(K) Do not be afraid or discouraged(L) because of the king of Assyria and the vast army with him, for there is a greater power with us than with him.(M) With him is only the arm of flesh,(N) but with us(O) is the Lord our God to help us and to fight our battles.”(P) And the people gained confidence from what Hezekiah the king of Judah said.

Later, when Sennacherib king of Assyria and all his forces were laying siege to Lachish,(Q) he sent his officers to Jerusalem with this message for Hezekiah king of Judah and for all the people of Judah who were there:

10 “This is what Sennacherib king of Assyria says: On what are you basing your confidence,(R) that you remain in Jerusalem under siege? 11 When Hezekiah says, ‘The Lord our God will save us from the hand of the king of Assyria,’ he is misleading(S) you, to let you die of hunger and thirst. 12 Did not Hezekiah himself remove this god’s high places and altars, saying to Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You must worship before one altar(T) and burn sacrifices on it’?

13 “Do you not know what I and my predecessors have done to all the peoples of the other lands? Were the gods of those nations ever able to deliver their land from my hand?(U) 14 Who of all the gods of these nations that my predecessors destroyed has been able to save his people from me? How then can your god deliver you from my hand? 15 Now do not let Hezekiah deceive(V) you and mislead you like this. Do not believe him, for no god of any nation or kingdom has been able to deliver(W) his people from my hand or the hand of my predecessors.(X) How much less will your god deliver you from my hand!”

16 Sennacherib’s officers spoke further against the Lord God and against his servant Hezekiah. 17 The king also wrote letters(Y) ridiculing(Z) the Lord, the God of Israel, and saying this against him: “Just as the gods(AA) of the peoples of the other lands did not rescue their people from my hand, so the god of Hezekiah will not rescue his people from my hand.” 18 Then they called out in Hebrew to the people of Jerusalem who were on the wall, to terrify them and make them afraid in order to capture the city. 19 They spoke about the God of Jerusalem as they did about the gods of the other peoples of the world—the work of human hands.(AB)

20 King Hezekiah and the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz cried out in prayer(AC) to heaven about this. 21 And the Lord sent an angel,(AD) who annihilated all the fighting men and the commanders and officers in the camp of the Assyrian king. So he withdrew to his own land in disgrace. And when he went into the temple of his god, some of his sons, his own flesh and blood, cut him down with the sword.(AE)

22 So the Lord saved Hezekiah and the people of Jerusalem from the hand of Sennacherib king of Assyria and from the hand of all others. He took care of them[c] on every side.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 32:4 Hebrew; Septuagint and Syriac king
  2. 2 Chronicles 32:5 Or the Millo
  3. 2 Chronicles 32:22 Hebrew; Septuagint and Vulgate He gave them rest

Jehoshaphat was afraid; he set himself to seek the Lord and proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah.(A) Judah assembled to seek help from the Lord; from all the towns of Judah they came to seek the Lord.

Jehoshaphat’s Prayer and Victory

Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem, in the house of the Lord, before the new court, and said, “O Lord, God of our ancestors, are you not God in heaven? Do you not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations? In your hand are power and might, so that no one is able to withstand you.(B) Did you not, O our God, drive out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel and give it forever to the descendants of your friend Abraham?(C) They have lived in it and in it have built you a sanctuary for your name, saying, ‘If disaster comes upon us, the sword, judgment,[a] or pestilence, or famine, we will stand before this house and before you, for your name is in this house, and cry to you in our distress, and you will hear and save.’(D) 10 See now, the people of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, whom you would not let Israel invade when they came from the land of Egypt and whom they avoided and did not destroy,(E) 11 they reward us by coming to drive us out of your possession that you have given us to inherit.(F) 12 O our God, will you not execute judgment upon them? For we are powerless against this great multitude that is coming against us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are on you.”(G)

13 Meanwhile, all Judah stood before the Lord, with their little ones, their wives, and their children.

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Footnotes

  1. 20.9 Or the sword of judgment

Alarmed, Jehoshaphat resolved to inquire of the Lord, and he proclaimed a fast(A) for all Judah. The people of Judah(B) came together to seek help from the Lord; indeed, they came from every town in Judah to seek him.

Then Jehoshaphat stood up in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem at the temple of the Lord in the front of the new courtyard and said:

Lord, the God of our ancestors,(C) are you not the God who is in heaven?(D) You rule over all the kingdoms(E) of the nations. Power and might are in your hand, and no one can withstand you.(F) Our God, did you not drive out the inhabitants of this land(G) before your people Israel and give it forever to the descendants of Abraham your friend?(H) They have lived in it and have built in it a sanctuary(I) for your Name, saying, ‘If calamity comes upon us, whether the sword of judgment, or plague or famine,(J) we will stand in your presence before this temple that bears your Name and will cry out to you in our distress, and you will hear us and save us.’

10 “But now here are men from Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir, whose territory you would not allow Israel to invade when they came from Egypt;(K) so they turned away from them and did not destroy them. 11 See how they are repaying us by coming to drive us out of the possession(L) you gave us as an inheritance. 12 Our God, will you not judge them?(M) For we have no power to face this vast army that is attacking us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are on you.(N)

13 All the men of Judah, with their wives and children and little ones, stood there before the Lord.

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11 Israel has sinned; they have transgressed my covenant that I imposed on them. They have taken some of the devoted things; they have stolen, they have acted deceitfully, and they have put them among their own belongings.(A) 12 Therefore the Israelites are unable to stand before their enemies; they turn their backs to their enemies because they have become a thing devoted for destruction themselves. I will be with you no more unless you destroy the devoted things from among you. 13 Proceed to sanctify the people and say, ‘Sanctify yourselves for tomorrow, for thus says the Lord, the God of Israel: There are devoted things among you, O Israel; you will be unable to stand before your enemies until you take away the devoted things from among you.(B)

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11 Israel has sinned;(A) they have violated my covenant,(B) which I commanded them to keep. They have taken some of the devoted things; they have stolen, they have lied,(C) they have put them with their own possessions.(D) 12 That is why the Israelites cannot stand against their enemies;(E) they turn their backs(F) and run(G) because they have been made liable to destruction.(H) I will not be with you anymore(I) unless you destroy whatever among you is devoted to destruction.

13 “Go, consecrate the people. Tell them, ‘Consecrate yourselves(J) in preparation for tomorrow; for this is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: There are devoted things among you, Israel. You cannot stand against your enemies until you remove them.

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