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Vision du bélier et du bouc

La troisième année du règne du roi Belschatsar, moi, Daniel, j’eus une vision, en plus de celle que j’avais eue précédemment. Lorsque j’eus cette vision, il me sembla que j’étais à Suse, la capitale, dans la province d’Elam; et pendant ma vision, je me trouvais près du fleuve d’Ulaï.

Je levai les yeux, je regardai, et voici, un bélier se tenait devant le fleuve, et il avait des cornes; ces cornes étaient hautes, mais l’une était plus haute que l’autre, et elle s’éleva la dernière. Je vis le bélier qui frappait de ses cornes à l’occident, au septentrion et au midi; aucun animal ne pouvait lui résister, et il n’y avait personne pour délivrer ses victimes; il faisait ce qu’il voulait, et il devint puissant.

Comme je regardais attentivement, voici, un bouc venait de l’occident, et parcourait toute la terre à sa surface, sans la toucher; ce bouc avait une grande corne entre les yeux. Il arriva jusqu’au bélier qui avait des cornes, et que j’avais vu se tenant devant le fleuve, et il courut sur lui dans toute sa fureur. Je le vis qui s’approchait du bélier et s’irritait contre lui; il frappa le bélier et lui brisa les deux cornes, sans que le bélier ait la force de lui résister; il le jeta par terre et le foula, et il n’y eut personne pour délivrer le bélier. Le bouc devint très puissant; mais lorsqu’il fut puissant, sa grande corne se brisa. Quatre grandes cornes s’élevèrent pour la remplacer, aux quatre vents des cieux.

De l’une d’elles sortit une petite corne, qui s’agrandit beaucoup vers le midi, vers l’orient, et vers le plus beau des pays. 10 Elle s’éleva jusqu’à l’armée des cieux, elle fit tomber à terre une partie de cette armée et des étoiles, et elle les foula. 11 Elle s’éleva jusqu’au chef de l’armée, lui enleva le sacrifice perpétuel, et renversa le lieu de son sanctuaire. 12 L’armée fut livrée avec le sacrifice perpétuel, à cause du péché; la corne jeta la vérité par terre, et réussit dans ses entreprises. 13 J’entendis parler un saint; et un autre saint dit à celui qui parlait: Pendant combien de temps s’accomplira la vision sur le sacrifice perpétuel et sur le péché dévastateur? Jusqu’à quand le sanctuaire et l’armée seront-ils foulés? 14 Et il me dit: Deux mille trois cents soirs et matins; puis le sanctuaire sera purifié.

15 Tandis que moi, Daniel, j’avais cette vision et que je cherchais à la comprendre, voici, quelqu’un qui avait l’apparence d’un homme se tenait devant moi. 16 Et j’entendis la voix d’un homme au milieu de l’Ulaï; il cria et dit: Gabriel, explique-lui la vision. 17 Il vint alors près du lieu où j’étais; et à son approche, je fus effrayé, et je tombai sur ma face. Il me dit: Sois attentif, fils de l’homme, car la vision concerne un temps qui sera la fin. 18 Comme il me parlait, je restai frappé d’étourdissement, la face contre terre. Il me toucha, et me fit tenir debout à la place où je me trouvais. 19 Puis il me dit: Je vais t’apprendre ce qui arrivera au terme de la colère, car il y a un temps marqué pour la fin. 20 Le bélier que tu as vu, et qui avait des cornes, ce sont les rois des Mèdes et des Perses. 21 Le bouc, c’est le roi de Javan[a]. La grande corne entre ses yeux, c’est le premier roi. 22 Les quatre cornes qui se sont élevées pour remplacer cette corne brisée, ce sont quatre royaumes qui s’élèveront de cette nation, mais qui n’auront pas autant de force. 23 A la fin de leur domination, lorsque les pécheurs seront consumés, il s’élèvera un roi impudent et artificieux. 24 Sa puissance s’accroîtra, mais non par sa propre force; il fera d’incroyables ravages, il réussira dans ses entreprises, il détruira les puissants et le peuple des saints. 25 A cause de sa prospérité et du succès de ses ruses, il aura de l’arrogance dans le cœur, il fera périr beaucoup d’hommes qui vivaient paisiblement, et il s’élèvera contre le chef des chefs; mais il sera brisé, sans l’effort d’aucune main. 26 Et la vision des soirs et des matins, dont il s’agit, est véritable. Pour toi, tiens secrète cette vision, car elle se rapporte à des temps éloignés.

27 Moi, Daniel, je fus plusieurs jours languissant et malade; puis je me levai, et je m’occupai des affaires du roi. J’étais étonné de la vision, et personne n’en eut connaissance.

Footnotes

  1. Daniel 8:21 Javan, ou la Grèce

Le bélier et le bouc

Vision du bélier et du bouc

La troisième année du règne du roi Balthazar[a], moi, Daniel, j’eus une nouvelle vision après celle que j’avais eue précédemment. Je regardais et je me voyais dans la cité fortifiée de Suse, dans la province d’Elam et, dans ma vision, je me tenais près du fleuve Oulaï[b].

Je levai les yeux et je vis un bélier qui se tenait devant le fleuve. Il avait deux très hautes cornes[c] ; l’une d’elles, celle qui avait poussé la dernière, était plus grande que l’autre. Puis je vis le bélier frapper en direction de l’ouest, du nord et du sud, et aucune bête ne pouvait lui résister et personne ne pouvait délivrer de son pouvoir. Il agissait à sa guise et il grandissait.

Tandis que je réfléchissais, je vis un bouc[d] arriver de l’occident ; il parcourait toute l’étendue de la terre, sans toucher le sol. Il avait une corne proéminente entre les yeux. Il parvint jusqu’au bélier à deux cornes que j’avais vu devant le fleuve, et se précipita sur lui avec violence. Je le vis arriver à sa hauteur, et s’enrager contre lui. Il le frappa et brisa ses deux cornes ; le bélier n’eut pas la force de lui résister : le bouc le jeta à terre et le piétina. Personne ne vint délivrer le bélier du bouc.

Le bouc devint très grand, mais lorsqu’il était encore en pleine vigueur, sa grande corne fut soudain brisée. Quatre cornes proéminentes poussèrent à sa place vers les quatre coins de l’horizon[e]. De l’une d’elles sortit une très petite corne qui grandit démesurément vers le sud, vers l’est et vers le Pays magnifique[f]. 10 Elle grandit jusqu’à s’attaquer à l’armée céleste ; elle fit tomber à terre une partie de cette armée et une partie des étoiles, et elle les piétina[g]. 11 Elle s’exalta au point de défier le Prince de l’armée céleste, elle mit fin au sacrifice perpétuel et bouleversa son sanctuaire jusqu’en ses fondations. 12 A cause de la révolte du peuple contre Dieu[h], l’armée fut livrée au pouvoir de la corne et le sacrifice perpétuel lui fut abandonné. La corne jeta la vérité par terre et réussit dans tout ce qu’elle entreprit[i].

13 J’entendis alors l’un des saints anges parler. Puis un autre saint ange lui demanda : Jusques à quand dureront les événements annoncés par cette vision ? Jusqu’à quand le sacrifice perpétuel sera-t-il supprimé, et la révolte qui cause la dévastation sévira-t-elle ? Pendant combien de temps le sanctuaire et l’armée seront-ils livrés au pouvoir de la corne et foulés aux pieds ?

14 L’autre ange me dit : Pendant 1 150 soirs et 1 150 matins, puis le sanctuaire sera de nouveau consacré au culte.

L’ange Gabriel explique la vision

15 Pendant que moi, Daniel, je contemplais cette vision et que je cherchais à la comprendre, je vis debout, devant moi, un être ayant l’aspect d’un homme. 16 Et j’entendis une voix d’homme venant de l’Oulaï, qui appelait et disait : Gabriel[j], explique-lui la vision.

17 Celui-ci s’avança vers l’endroit où je me tenais. A son approche, je fus pris de frayeur et je tombai face contre terre. Il me dit : Fils d’homme, comprends bien que cette vision concerne le temps de la fin.

18 Pendant qu’il me parlait, je perdis connaissance et tombai face contre terre ; mais il me toucha et me fit tenir debout sur place. 19 Puis il me dit : Je vais te révéler ce qui arrivera à la fin du temps de la colère divine, car un terme lui a été assigné.

20 Le bélier à deux cornes que tu as vu, représente les rois de Médie et de Perse. 21 Le bouc velu, c’est le roi de Grèce, et la grande corne entre ses yeux représente le premier roi de cet empire. 22 Puis elle s’est brisée et quatre cornes ont poussé à sa place : celles-ci représentent quatre royaumes issus de cette nation, qui, cependant, n’auront pas la même puissance.

23 A la fin de leur règne, quand les méchants auront mis le comble à leur révolte contre Dieu, s’élèvera un roi dur et expert en intrigues[k]. 24 Sa puissance ira en croissant, mais non par sa propre force. Il causera d’incroyables ravages et réussira dans ce qu’il entreprendra ; il exterminera de puissants adversaires et décimera les membres du peuple saint. 25 Grâce à son habileté, il réussira à tromper beaucoup de gens, l’orgueil remplira son cœur, il fera périr bien des hommes qui vivaient en paix ; il s’insurgera même contre le Prince des princes, mais il sera brisé sans aucune intervention humaine[l]. 26 Ce qui t’a été annoncé dans la vision des soirs et des matins est parfaitement vrai, mais tiens-en le sens caché, car elle concerne une époque très lointaine.

27 Là-dessus, moi, Daniel, je fus complètement épuisé et malade pendant plusieurs jours. Après cela, je me relevai et je retournai m’occuper des affaires du roi. Je demeurais frappé de stupeur par cette vision que je ne parvenais pas à comprendre.

Footnotes

  1. 8.1 A partir de ce verset, le texte est de nouveau en hébreu. Pour Balthazar, voir notes 5.1 et 7.1. Cette nouvelle vision précise l’identité des deuxième et troisième royaumes des visions des chapitres 2 et 7.
  2. 8.2 Suse: capitale de la province babylonienne d’Elam, située sur le golfe Persique. Le fleuve Oulaï: selon certains, une rivière intermédiaire entre les deux fleuves qui passaient près de la ville, d’où la traduction canal Oulaï.
  3. 8.3 Les deux cornes symbolisent les Mèdes et les Perses (v. 20). C’est Cyrus qui, en 549 av. J.-C., a assuré la prééminence des Perses sur les Mèdes.
  4. 8.5 Le bouc représente le royaume grec d’Alexandre le Grand, la corne proéminente (v. 21).
  5. 8.8 Annonce de la mort subite d’Alexandre le Grand à 33 ans, en 323 av. J.-C., et du partage du royaume entre ses quatre généraux (v. 22 ; voir 7.6).
  6. 8.9 La petite corne: Antiochus Epiphane qui a régné de 175 à 164 av. J.-C. (v. 23-25 et note v. 23). le Pays magnifique: le pays d’Israël (voir 11.16, 41).
  7. 8.10 Voir Ap 12.4.
  8. 8.12 A cause… contre Dieu. Autre traduction : par perversité ou à cause d’une injustice. Ce problème de traduction se pose aussi aux v. 13 et 23.
  9. 8.12 Les v. 11 et 12, difficiles en hébreu, ont donné lieu à des interprétations diverses.
  10. 8.16 Sur Gabriel, voir 9.21 ; Lc 1.19, 26.
  11. 8.23 Durant les dernières années de son règne (168 à 164 av. J.-C.), Antiochus IV Epiphane cherchera à détruire la foi juive. Il fera cesser le sacrifice quotidien et, en 169, pénétrera pour la première fois dans le Temple où il fera introduire sa statue.
  12. 8.25 Antiochus périra en 164 av. J.-C. de maladie ou frappé de folie.

In the third year of the reign of king Belshazzar a vision appeared unto me, even unto me Daniel, after that which appeared unto me at the first.

And I saw in a vision; and it came to pass, when I saw, that I was at Shushan in the palace, which is in the province of Elam; and I saw in a vision, and I was by the river of Ulai.

Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last.

I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward, and southward; so that no beasts might stand before him, neither was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did according to his will, and became great.

And as I was considering, behold, an he goat came from the west on the face of the whole earth, and touched not the ground: and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes.

And he came to the ram that had two horns, which I had seen standing before the river, and ran unto him in the fury of his power.

And I saw him come close unto the ram, and he was moved with choler against him, and smote the ram, and brake his two horns: and there was no power in the ram to stand before him, but he cast him down to the ground, and stamped upon him: and there was none that could deliver the ram out of his hand.

Therefore the he goat waxed very great: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones toward the four winds of heaven.

And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land.

10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them.

11 Yea, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away, and the place of the sanctuary was cast down.

12 And an host was given him against the daily sacrifice by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practised, and prospered.

13 Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain saint which spake, How long shall be the vision concerning the daily sacrifice, and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?

14 And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed.

15 And it came to pass, when I, even I Daniel, had seen the vision, and sought for the meaning, then, behold, there stood before me as the appearance of a man.

16 And I heard a man's voice between the banks of Ulai, which called, and said, Gabriel, make this man to understand the vision.

17 So he came near where I stood: and when he came, I was afraid, and fell upon my face: but he said unto me, Understand, O son of man: for at the time of the end shall be the vision.

18 Now as he was speaking with me, I was in a deep sleep on my face toward the ground: but he touched me, and set me upright.

19 And he said, Behold, I will make thee know what shall be in the last end of the indignation: for at the time appointed the end shall be.

20 The ram which thou sawest having two horns are the kings of Media and Persia.

21 And the rough goat is the king of Grecia: and the great horn that is between his eyes is the first king.

22 Now that being broken, whereas four stood up for it, four kingdoms shall stand up out of the nation, but not in his power.

23 And in the latter time of their kingdom, when the transgressors are come to the full, a king of fierce countenance, and understanding dark sentences, shall stand up.

24 And his power shall be mighty, but not by his own power: and he shall destroy wonderfully, and shall prosper, and practise, and shall destroy the mighty and the holy people.

25 And through his policy also he shall cause craft to prosper in his hand; and he shall magnify himself in his heart, and by peace shall destroy many: he shall also stand up against the Prince of princes; but he shall be broken without hand.

26 And the vision of the evening and the morning which was told is true: wherefore shut thou up the vision; for it shall be for many days.

27 And I Daniel fainted, and was sick certain days; afterward I rose up, and did the king's business; and I was astonished at the vision, but none understood it.

Daniel’s Vision of a Ram and a Goat

In the third year of King Belshazzar’s(A) reign, I, Daniel, had a vision,(B) after the one that had already appeared to me. In my vision I saw myself in the citadel of Susa(C) in the province of Elam;(D) in the vision I was beside the Ulai Canal. I looked up,(E) and there before me was a ram(F) with two horns, standing beside the canal, and the horns were long. One of the horns was longer than the other but grew up later. I watched the ram as it charged toward the west and the north and the south. No animal could stand against it, and none could rescue from its power.(G) It did as it pleased(H) and became great.

As I was thinking about this, suddenly a goat with a prominent horn between its eyes came from the west, crossing the whole earth without touching the ground. It came toward the two-horned ram I had seen standing beside the canal and charged at it in great rage. I saw it attack the ram furiously, striking the ram and shattering its two horns. The ram was powerless to stand against it; the goat knocked it to the ground and trampled on it,(I) and none could rescue the ram from its power.(J) The goat became very great, but at the height of its power the large horn was broken off,(K) and in its place four prominent horns grew up toward the four winds of heaven.(L)

Out of one of them came another horn, which started small(M) but grew in power to the south and to the east and toward the Beautiful Land.(N) 10 It grew until it reached(O) the host of the heavens, and it threw some of the starry host down to the earth(P) and trampled(Q) on them. 11 It set itself up to be as great as the commander(R) of the army of the Lord;(S) it took away the daily sacrifice(T) from the Lord, and his sanctuary was thrown down.(U) 12 Because of rebellion, the Lord’s people[a] and the daily sacrifice were given over to it. It prospered in everything it did, and truth was thrown to the ground.(V)

13 Then I heard a holy one(W) speaking, and another holy one said to him, “How long will it take for the vision to be fulfilled(X)—the vision concerning the daily sacrifice, the rebellion that causes desolation, the surrender of the sanctuary and the trampling underfoot(Y) of the Lord’s people?”

14 He said to me, “It will take 2,300 evenings and mornings; then the sanctuary will be reconsecrated.”(Z)

The Interpretation of the Vision

15 While I, Daniel, was watching the vision(AA) and trying to understand it, there before me stood one who looked like a man.(AB) 16 And I heard a man’s voice from the Ulai(AC) calling, “Gabriel,(AD) tell this man the meaning of the vision.”(AE)

17 As he came near the place where I was standing, I was terrified and fell prostrate.(AF) “Son of man,”[b] he said to me, “understand that the vision concerns the time of the end.”(AG)

18 While he was speaking to me, I was in a deep sleep, with my face to the ground.(AH) Then he touched me and raised me to my feet.(AI)

19 He said: “I am going to tell you what will happen later in the time of wrath,(AJ) because the vision concerns the appointed time(AK) of the end.[c](AL) 20 The two-horned ram that you saw represents the kings of Media and Persia.(AM) 21 The shaggy goat is the king of Greece,(AN) and the large horn between its eyes is the first king.(AO) 22 The four horns that replaced the one that was broken off represent four kingdoms that will emerge from his nation but will not have the same power.

23 “In the latter part of their reign, when rebels have become completely wicked, a fierce-looking king, a master of intrigue, will arise. 24 He will become very strong, but not by his own power. He will cause astounding devastation and will succeed in whatever he does. He will destroy those who are mighty, the holy people.(AP) 25 He will cause deceit(AQ) to prosper, and he will consider himself superior. When they feel secure, he will destroy many and take his stand against the Prince of princes.(AR) Yet he will be destroyed, but not by human power.(AS)

26 “The vision of the evenings and mornings that has been given you is true,(AT) but seal(AU) up the vision, for it concerns the distant future.”(AV)

27 I, Daniel, was worn out. I lay exhausted(AW) for several days. Then I got up and went about the king’s business.(AX) I was appalled(AY) by the vision; it was beyond understanding.

Footnotes

  1. Daniel 8:12 Or rebellion, the armies
  2. Daniel 8:17 The Hebrew phrase ben adam means human being. The phrase son of man is retained as a form of address here because of its possible association with “Son of Man” in the New Testament.
  3. Daniel 8:19 Or because the end will be at the appointed time

Vision of a Ram and a Goat

In[a] the third year of the reign of King Belshazzar a vision appeared to me—to me, Daniel—after the one that appeared to me (A)the first time. I saw in the vision, and it so happened while I was looking, that I was in (B)Shushan,[b] the [c]citadel, which is in the province of Elam; and I saw in the vision that I was by the River Ulai. Then I lifted my eyes and saw, and there, standing beside the river, was a ram which had two horns, and the two horns were high; but one was (C)higher than the other, and the higher one came up last. I saw the ram pushing westward, northward, and southward, so that no animal could [d]withstand him; nor was there any that could deliver from his hand, (D)but he did according to his will and became great.

And as I was considering, suddenly a male goat came from the west, across the surface of the whole earth, without touching the ground; and the goat had a notable (E)horn between his eyes. Then he came to the ram that had two horns, which I had seen standing beside the river, and ran at him with furious power. And I saw him confronting the ram; he was moved with rage against him, [e]attacked the ram, and broke his two horns. There was no power in the ram to withstand him, but he cast him down to the ground and trampled him; and there was no one that could deliver the ram from his hand.

Therefore the male goat grew very great; but when he became strong, the large horn was broken, and in place of it (F)four notable ones came up toward the four winds of heaven. (G)And out of one of them came a little horn which grew exceedingly great toward the south, (H)toward the east, and toward the (I)Glorious Land. 10 (J)And it grew up to (K)the host of heaven; and (L)it cast down some of the host and some of the stars to the ground, and trampled them. 11 (M)He even exalted himself as high as (N)the Prince of the host; (O)and by him (P)the daily sacrifices were taken away, and the place of [f]His sanctuary was cast down. 12 Because of transgression, (Q)an army was given over to the horn to oppose the daily sacrifices; and he cast (R)truth down to the ground. He (S)did all this and prospered.

13 Then I heard (T)a holy one speaking; and another holy one said to that certain one who was speaking, “How long will the vision be, concerning the daily sacrifices and the transgression [g]of desolation, the giving of both the sanctuary and the host to be trampled underfoot?”

14 And he said to me, “For two thousand three hundred [h]days; then the sanctuary shall be cleansed.”

Gabriel Interprets the Vision

15 Then it happened, when I, Daniel, had seen the vision and (U)was seeking the meaning, that suddenly there stood before me (V)one having the appearance of a man. 16 And I heard a man’s voice (W)between the banks of the Ulai, who called, and said, (X)“Gabriel, make this man understand the vision.” 17 So he came near where I stood, and when he came I was afraid and (Y)fell on my face; but he said to me, “Understand, son of man, that the vision refers to the time of the end.”

18 (Z)Now, as he was speaking with me, I was in a deep sleep with my face to the ground; (AA)but he touched me, and stood me upright. 19 And he said, “Look, I am making known to you what shall happen in the latter time of the indignation; (AB)for at the appointed time the end shall be. 20 The ram which you saw, having the two horns—they are the kings of Media and Persia. 21 And the [i]male goat is the [j]kingdom of Greece. The large horn that is between its eyes (AC)is the first king. 22 (AD)As for the broken horn and the four that stood up in its place, four kingdoms shall arise out of that nation, but not with its power.

23 “And in the latter time of their kingdom,
When the transgressors have reached their fullness,
A king shall arise,
(AE)Having fierce [k]features,
Who understands sinister schemes.
24 His power shall be mighty, (AF)but not by his own power;
He shall destroy [l]fearfully,
(AG)And shall prosper and thrive;
(AH)He shall destroy the mighty, and also the holy people.

25 “Through(AI) his cunning
He shall cause deceit to prosper under his [m]rule;
(AJ)And he shall exalt himself in his heart.
He shall destroy many in their prosperity.
(AK)He shall even rise against the Prince of princes;
But he shall be (AL)broken without human [n]means.

26 “And the vision of the evenings and mornings
Which was told is true;
(AM)Therefore seal up the vision,
For it refers to many days in the future.

27 (AN)And I, Daniel, fainted and was sick for days; afterward I arose and went about the king’s business. I was [o]astonished by the vision, but no one understood it.

Footnotes

  1. Daniel 8:1 The Hebrew language resumes in Dan. 8:1.
  2. Daniel 8:2 Or Susa
  3. Daniel 8:2 Or fortified palace
  4. Daniel 8:4 Lit. stand before him
  5. Daniel 8:7 Lit. struck
  6. Daniel 8:11 The temple
  7. Daniel 8:13 Or making desolate
  8. Daniel 8:14 Lit. evening-mornings
  9. Daniel 8:21 shaggy male
  10. Daniel 8:21 Lit. king, representing his kingdom, Dan. 7:17, 23
  11. Daniel 8:23 Lit. countenance
  12. Daniel 8:24 Or extraordinarily
  13. Daniel 8:25 Lit. hand
  14. Daniel 8:25 Lit. hand
  15. Daniel 8:27 amazed