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“After these things, as I was watching in the night visions[a] a fourth beast appeared—one dreadful, terrible, and very strong.[b] It had two large rows[c] of iron teeth. It devoured and crushed, and anything that was left it trampled with its feet. It was different from all the beasts that came before it, and it had ten horns.

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Footnotes

  1. Daniel 7:7 tn The Aramaic text has also “and behold,” as also in vv. 8, 13.
  2. Daniel 7:7 sn The fourth animal differs from the others in that it is nondescript. Apparently it was so fearsome that Daniel could find nothing with which to compare it. Attempts to identify this animal as an elephant or other known creature are conjectural.
  3. Daniel 7:7 tn The Aramaic word for “teeth” is dual rather than plural, suggesting two rows of teeth.

“As I was contemplating the horns, another horn—a small one—came up between them, and three of the former horns were torn out by the roots to make room for it.[a] This horn had eyes resembling human eyes and a mouth speaking arrogant[b] things.

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Footnotes

  1. Daniel 7:8 tn Aram “were uprooted from before it.”
  2. Daniel 7:8 tn Aram “great,” as also in vv. 11, 20.

24 The ten horns mean that ten kings
will arise from that kingdom.
Another king will arise after them,
but he will be different from the earlier ones.
He will humiliate[a] three kings.

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Footnotes

  1. Daniel 7:24 tn Or “subjugate”; KJV, NASB, NIV “subdue”; ASV, NRSV “put down.”

I looked up[a] and saw[b] a[c] ram with two horns standing at the canal. Its two horns were both long,[d] but one was longer than the other. The longer one was coming up after the shorter one.

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Footnotes

  1. Daniel 8:3 tn Heb “lifted my eyes.”
  2. Daniel 8:3 tn Heb “saw and behold.”
  3. Daniel 8:3 tn Heb “one.” The Hebrew numerical adjective occasionally functions like an English indefinite article. See GKC 401 §125.b.
  4. Daniel 8:3 tn Heb “high” (also “higher” later in this verse).

While I was contemplating all this,[a] a male goat[b] was coming from the west over the surface of all the land[c] without touching the ground. This goat had a conspicuous horn[d] between its eyes.

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Footnotes

  1. Daniel 8:5 tn The words “all this” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.
  2. Daniel 8:5 tn Heb “and behold, a he-goat of the goats.”
  3. Daniel 8:5 tn Or “of the whole earth” (NAB, ASV, NASB, NRSV).
  4. Daniel 8:5 tn Heb “a horn of vision” [or “conspicuousness”], i.e., “a conspicuous horn,” one easily seen.

20 The ram that you saw with the two horns stands for the kings of Media and Persia.

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