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20 And the vilest and (most) unworthy to the king’s honour shall stand in the place of him, and in few days he shall be all-broken, not in strong vengeance, neither in battle (but not openly, nor in battle).

21 And a despised man shall stand in the place of him, and the honour of a king shall not be given to him; and he shall come privily, and he shall get the realm by guile (but he shall come privately, or furtively, and he shall get the kingdom by deceit, or by trickery).

22 And the arms of the fighter shall be overcome of his face, and shall be all-broken, furthermore and the duke of (the) bond of peace. (And the armies of the fighters shall be overcome before him, and furthermore even the Prince of the Covenant shall be broken.)

23 And after friendship with him, he shall do guile. And he shall ascend, and shall overcome with little people; (And after friendship with him, then he shall do treachery, or deception. And he shall ascend, and shall overcome with only a few people;)

24 and he shall enter into great and rich cities, and he shall do things which his fathers, and the fathers of his fathers, did not. He shall destroy the ravens, and prey, and riches of them, and against most steadfast thoughts he shall take counsel, and this till to a time (He shall divide the spoils, and the prey, and their riches, and he shall make plans against strongholds, but only for a time).

25 And the strength of him, and the heart of him shall be stirred against the king of the south with a great host. And the king of the south shall be stirred to battle with many helps and full strong; and they shall not stand, for they shall take counsels against him. (And his strength, and his heart, shall be stirred to fight against the king of the south with his great army. And the king of the south shall be stirred to battle against him, with many strong men to help him; but they shall not stand, for they shall make traitorous plans against him.)

26 And they that eat bread with him shall all-break him; and his host shall be oppressed, and full many men of his shall be slain, and fall down. (Yea, they who eat bread with him shall destroy him; and his army shall be destroyed, and a great many men of his shall be killed, and shall fall down.)

27 And the heart of (the) two kings shall be, that they do evil, and at one board they shall speak leasing, and they shall not profit (and at one table, they shall speak lies to each other, but no one shall profit from it); for yet the end shall be into another time.

28 And he shall turn again into his land with many riches, and his heart shall be against the holy testament, and he shall do, and shall turn again into his land. (And he shall return to his own land with many riches, and his heart shall be against the Holy Covenant, yea, he shall do as he pleaseth, and then shall return to his own land.)

29 In time ordained he shall turn again (And at the time ordained he shall return), and shall come (back) to the south, and the last shall not be like the former.

30 And ships with three orders of oars, and Romans, shall come [up]on him, and he shall be smitten. And he shall turn again, and shall have indignation against the testament of the saintuary, and he shall do. And he shall turn again, and he shall think against them that forsook the testament of the saintuary. (And Romans in ships with three orders of oars shall come against him, and he shall be struck. And so he shall turn back, and shall have indignation against the Holy Covenant, yea, so shall he do. And he shall turn back, and he shall plot with those who have deserted the Holy Covenant.)

31 And [the] arms of him shall stand, and shall defoul the saintuary of strength, and shall take away the continual sacrifice, and shall give (the) abomination into desolation. (And his army shall stand there, and shall defile both the sanctuary, and the stronghold, or the fortress, and shall stop the continual, or the daily, sacrifice, and shall set up the abomination that maketh desolation.)

32 And wicked men shall feign (the) testament guilefully; but the people that knoweth their God shall hold, and do. (And by deceit, or by trickery, he shall get the wicked who have deserted the Holy Covenant to join him; but the people who knoweth their God shall hold fast, or shall hold firm, and do battle.)

33 And taught men in the people shall teach full many men, and shall fall in sword, and in flame, and into captivity, and into raven of days. (And those who be learned among the people shall teach a great many, but they shall fall by the sword, and in flame, and into captivity, and into the spoils of days.)

34 And when they have fallen down, they shall be raised [up] by a little help; and full many men shall be applied to them guilefully. (But when they have fallen down, they shall be raised up with a little help; and a great many shall deceitfully, or insincerely, join them.)

35 And (some) of (the) learned men shall fall, that they be welled together, and be chosen, and be made white till to a time determined; for yet another time shall be.

36 And the king shall do by his will, and he shall be raised [up], and magnified against each god, and against God of gods he shall speak great things; and he shall be directed, till wrathfulness be [ful]filled. For the determining is perfectly made. (And the king shall do by his own will, and he shall be raised up, and magnified against every god, and he shall say terrible things against the God of gods/and he shall say that he is even greater than the God of gods; and he shall prosper, until the wrathfulness be fulfilled. For what is determined shall be done.)

37 And he shall not areckon (with) the God of his fathers, and he shall be in the covetousness of women, and he shall not charge any of gods, for he shall rise against all things. (And he shall not have regard for the god of his fathers, or the god beloved by women, indeed he shall not have regard for any god, for he shall raise himself up, or shall exalt himself, above all of them.)

38 Forsooth he shall honour (the) god of Maoozim in his place, and he shall worship (a) god, whom his fathers knew not, with gold, and silver, and precious stone(s), and precious things. (Instead he shall honour the god of strongholds in his place, and he shall worship a god, whom his forefathers did not know, with gold, and silver, and precious stones, and precious things.)

39 And he shall do that he make strong Maoozim, with the alien god which he knew (And he shall strengthen his strongholds with foreigners, who worship a strange, or a foreign, god). And he shall multiply glory, and shall give power to them in many things; and shall part the land at his will.

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20 “His successor will send out a tax collector to maintain the royal splendor.(A) In a few years, however, he will be destroyed, yet not in anger or in battle.

21 “He will be succeeded by a contemptible(B) person who has not been given the honor of royalty.(C) He will invade the kingdom when its people feel secure, and he will seize it through intrigue. 22 Then an overwhelming army will be swept away(D) before him; both it and a prince of the covenant will be destroyed.(E) 23 After coming to an agreement with him, he will act deceitfully,(F) and with only a few people he will rise to power. 24 When the richest provinces feel secure, he will invade them and will achieve what neither his fathers nor his forefathers did. He will distribute plunder, loot and wealth among his followers.(G) He will plot the overthrow of fortresses—but only for a time.

25 “With a large army he will stir up his strength and courage against the king of the South. The king of the South will wage war with a large and very powerful army, but he will not be able to stand because of the plots devised against him. 26 Those who eat from the king’s provisions will try to destroy him; his army will be swept away, and many will fall in battle. 27 The two kings, with their hearts bent on evil,(H) will sit at the same table and lie(I) to each other, but to no avail, because an end will still come at the appointed time.(J) 28 The king of the North will return to his own country with great wealth, but his heart will be set against the holy covenant. He will take action against it and then return to his own country.

29 “At the appointed time he will invade the South again, but this time the outcome will be different from what it was before. 30 Ships of the western coastlands(K) will oppose him, and he will lose heart.(L) Then he will turn back and vent his fury(M) against the holy covenant. He will return and show favor to those who forsake the holy covenant.

31 “His armed forces will rise up to desecrate the temple fortress and will abolish the daily sacrifice.(N) Then they will set up the abomination that causes desolation.(O) 32 With flattery he will corrupt those who have violated the covenant, but the people who know their God will firmly resist(P) him.

33 “Those who are wise will instruct(Q) many, though for a time they will fall by the sword or be burned or captured or plundered.(R) 34 When they fall, they will receive a little help, and many who are not sincere(S) will join them. 35 Some of the wise will stumble, so that they may be refined,(T) purified and made spotless until the time of the end, for it will still come at the appointed time.

The King Who Exalts Himself

36 “The king will do as he pleases. He will exalt and magnify himself(U) above every god and will say unheard-of things(V) against the God of gods.(W) He will be successful until the time of wrath(X) is completed, for what has been determined must take place.(Y) 37 He will show no regard for the gods of his ancestors or for the one desired by women, nor will he regard any god, but will exalt himself above them all. 38 Instead of them, he will honor a god of fortresses; a god unknown to his ancestors he will honor with gold and silver, with precious stones and costly gifts. 39 He will attack the mightiest fortresses with the help of a foreign god and will greatly honor those who acknowledge him. He will make them rulers over many people and will distribute the land at a price.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. Daniel 11:39 Or land for a reward