18 Then the king went to his palace, and passed the night fasting: neither were instruments of musick brought before him: and his sleep went from him.

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18 Then the king returned to his palace and spent the night without eating(A) and without any entertainment being brought to him. And he could not sleep.(B)

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And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.

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Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream

In the second year of his reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams;(A) his mind was troubled(B) and he could not sleep.(C)

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On that night could not the king sleep, and he commanded to bring the book of records of the chronicles; and they were read before the king.

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Mordecai Honored

That night the king could not sleep;(A) so he ordered the book of the chronicles,(B) the record of his reign, to be brought in and read to him.

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16 David therefore besought God for the child; and David fasted, and went in, and lay all night upon the earth.

17 And the elders of his house arose, and went to him, to raise him up from the earth: but he would not, neither did he eat bread with them.

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16 David pleaded with God for the child. He fasted and spent the nights lying(A) in sackcloth[a] on the ground. 17 The elders of his household stood beside him to get him up from the ground, but he refused,(B) and he would not eat any food with them.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 12:16 Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint; Masoretic Text does not have in sackcloth.

Thou holdest mine eyes waking: I am so troubled that I cannot speak.

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You kept my eyes from closing;
    I was too troubled to speak.(A)

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22 And the voice of harpers, and musicians, and of pipers, and trumpeters, shall be heard no more at all in thee; and no craftsman, of whatsoever craft he be, shall be found any more in thee; and the sound of a millstone shall be heard no more at all in thee;

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22 The music of harpists and musicians, pipers and trumpeters,
    will never be heard in you again.(A)
No worker of any trade
    will ever be found in you again.
The sound of a millstone
    will never be heard in you again.(B)

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So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the Lord. Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city of three days' journey.

And Jonah began to enter into the city a day's journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown.

So the people of Nineveh believed God, and proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from the greatest of them even to the least of them.

For word came unto the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and he laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.

And he caused it to be proclaimed and published through Nineveh by the decree of the king and his nobles, saying, Let neither man nor beast, herd nor flock, taste any thing: let them not feed, nor drink water:

But let man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and cry mightily unto God: yea, let them turn every one from his evil way, and from the violence that is in their hands.

Who can tell if God will turn and repent, and turn away from his fierce anger, that we perish not?

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Jonah obeyed the word of the Lord and went to Nineveh. Now Nineveh was a very large city; it took three days to go through it. Jonah began by going a day’s journey into the city, proclaiming,(A) “Forty more days and Nineveh will be overthrown.” The Ninevites believed God. A fast was proclaimed, and all of them, from the greatest to the least, put on sackcloth.(B)

When Jonah’s warning reached the king of Nineveh, he rose from his throne, took off his royal robes, covered himself with sackcloth and sat down in the dust.(C) This is the proclamation he issued in Nineveh:

“By the decree of the king and his nobles:

Do not let people or animals, herds or flocks, taste anything; do not let them eat or drink.(D) But let people and animals be covered with sackcloth. Let everyone call(E) urgently on God. Let them give up(F) their evil ways(G) and their violence.(H) Who knows?(I) God may yet relent(J) and with compassion turn(K) from his fierce anger(L) so that we will not perish.”

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That lie upon beds of ivory, and stretch themselves upon their couches, and eat the lambs out of the flock, and the calves out of the midst of the stall;

That chant to the sound of the viol, and invent to themselves instruments of musick, like David;

That drink wine in bowls, and anoint themselves with the chief ointments: but they are not grieved for the affliction of Joseph.

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You lie on beds adorned with ivory
    and lounge on your couches.(A)
You dine on choice lambs
    and fattened calves.(B)
You strum away on your harps(C) like David
    and improvise on musical instruments.(D)
You drink wine(E) by the bowlful
    and use the finest lotions,
    but you do not grieve(F) over the ruin of Joseph.(G)

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The mirth of tabrets ceaseth, the noise of them that rejoice endeth, the joy of the harp ceaseth.

They shall not drink wine with a song; strong drink shall be bitter to them that drink it.

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The joyful timbrels(A) are stilled,
    the noise(B) of the revelers(C) has stopped,
    the joyful harp(D) is silent.(E)
No longer do they drink wine(F) with a song;
    the beer is bitter(G) to its drinkers.

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I gathered me also silver and gold, and the peculiar treasure of kings and of the provinces: I gat me men singers and women singers, and the delights of the sons of men, as musical instruments, and that of all sorts.

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I amassed silver and gold(A) for myself, and the treasure of kings and provinces.(B) I acquired male and female singers,(C) and a harem[a] as well—the delights of a man’s heart.

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Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 2:8 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.

We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof.

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There on the poplars(A)
    we hung our harps,(B)

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12 They take the timbrel and harp, and rejoice at the sound of the organ.

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12 They sing to the music of timbrel and lyre;(A)
    they make merry to the sound of the pipe.(B)

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27 And it came to pass, when Ahab heard those words, that he rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his flesh, and fasted, and lay in sackcloth, and went softly.

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27 When Ahab heard these words, he tore his clothes, put on sackcloth(A) and fasted. He lay in sackcloth and went around meekly.(B)

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