Acts 5:40
New English Translation
40 and they summoned the apostles and had them beaten.[a] Then[b] they ordered them not to speak in the name of Jesus and released them.
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- Acts 5:40 sn Had them beaten. The punishment was the “forty lashes minus one,” see also Acts 22:19; 2 Cor 11:24; Mark 13:9. The apostles had disobeyed the religious authorities and took their punishment for their “disobedience” (Deut 25:2-3; m. Makkot 3:10-14). In Acts 4:18 they were warned. Now they are beaten. The hostility is rising as the narrative unfolds.
- Acts 5:40 tn The word “Then” is supplied as the beginning of a new sentence in the translation. The construction in Greek has so many clauses (most of them made up of participles) that a continuous English sentence would be very awkward.
Acts 7:54-60
New English Translation
Stephen is Killed
54 When they heard these things, they became furious[a] and ground their teeth[b] at him. 55 But Stephen,[c] full[d] of the Holy Spirit, looked intently[e] toward heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing[f] at the right hand of God. 56 “Look!” he said.[g] “I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!” 57 But they covered their ears,[h] shouting out with a loud voice, and rushed at him with one intent. 58 When[i] they had driven him out of the city, they began to stone him,[j] and the witnesses laid their cloaks[k] at the feet of a young man named Saul. 59 They[l] continued to stone Stephen while he prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!” 60 Then he fell[m] to his knees and cried out with a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them!”[n] When[o] he had said this, he died.[p]
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- Acts 7:54 tn This verb, which also occurs in Acts 5:33, means “cut to the quick” or “deeply infuriated” (BDAG 235 s.v. διαπρίω).
- Acts 7:54 tn Or “they gnashed their teeth.” This idiom is a picture of violent rage (BDAG 184 s.v. βρύχω). See also Ps 35:16.
- Acts 7:55 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Stephen) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Acts 7:55 tn Grk “being full,” but the participle ὑπάρχων (huparchōn) has not been translated since it would be redundant in English.
- Acts 7:55 tn Grk “looking intently toward heaven, saw.” The participle ἀτενίσας (atenisas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
- Acts 7:55 sn The picture of Jesus standing (rather than seated) probably indicates his rising to receive his child. By announcing his vision, Stephen thoroughly offended his audience, who believed no one could share God’s place in heaven. The phrase is a variation on Ps 110:1.
- Acts 7:56 tn Grk “And he said, ‘Look!’” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences, καί (kai) has not been translated here; a new sentence is begun instead.
- Acts 7:57 sn They covered their ears to avoid hearing what they considered to be blasphemy.
- Acts 7:58 tn Grk “And when.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences, καί (kai) has not been translated here; a new sentence is begun instead.
- Acts 7:58 sn They began to stone him. The irony of the scene is that the people do exactly what the speech complains about in v. 52.
- Acts 7:58 tn Or “outer garments.”sn Laid their cloaks. The outer garment, or cloak, was taken off and laid aside to leave the arms free (in this case for throwing stones).
- Acts 7:59 tn Grk “And they.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences, καί (kai) has not been translated here; a new sentence is begun instead.
- Acts 7:60 tn Grk “Then falling to his knees he cried out.” The participle θείς (theis) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
- Acts 7:60 sn The remarks Lord Jesus, receive my spirit and Lord, do not hold this sin against them recall statements Jesus made on the cross (Luke 23:34, 46).
- Acts 7:60 tn Grk “And when.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences, καί (kai) has not been translated here; a new sentence is begun instead.
- Acts 7:60 tn The verb κοιμάω (koimaō) literally means “sleep,” but it is often used in the Bible as a euphemism for the death of a believer.
Acts 8:1
New English Translation
8 1 And Saul agreed completely with killing[a] him.
Saul Begins to Persecute the Church
Now on that day a great[b] persecution began[c] against the church in Jerusalem, and all[d] except the apostles were forced to scatter throughout the regions[e] of Judea and Samaria.
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- Acts 8:1 tn The term ἀναίρεσις (anairesis) can refer to murder (BDAG 64 s.v.; 2 Macc 5:13; Josephus, Ant. 5.2.12 [5.165]).
- Acts 8:1 tn Or “severe.”
- Acts 8:1 tn Grk “Now there happened on that day a great persecution.” It is less awkward to say in English “Now on that day a great persecution began.”
- Acts 8:1 sn All. Given that the Jerusalem church is still active after this and that the Hellenists are the focus of Acts 6-8, it is possible to argue that only the Hellenistic Christians were forced to scatter.
- Acts 8:1 tn Or “countryside.”
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