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Lån och skulder

15 Vart sjunde år ska alla skulder efterskänkas. Det ska gå till så här: Varje långivare ska avskriva de lån han har gett till andra. Han får inte kräva igen ett lån av sin broder eller landsman efter att man utlyst den allmänna skuldavskrivningen, Herrens friår. Du kan kräva återbetalning av en främling, men din broders skuld ska du efterskänka.

Hos dig ska ingen behöva vara fattig, för Herren, din Gud, vill välsigna dig rikligen i det land som han ger dig till egendom, om du bara lyssnar till Herren, din Gud, och noga följer hela den lag som jag idag ger dig. Herren, din Gud, kommer att välsigna dig som han har lovat. Du ska låna ut pengar till många folk, men själv kommer du aldrig att vara i behov av lån. Du ska härska över många folk, men ingen ska härska över dig.

Men om det skulle finnas någon hos dig som är fattig, en landsman, i någon av städerna i det land som Herren, din Gud, vill ge dig, får du inte vara hård och vägra att hjälpa honom. Öppna din hand för honom och låt honom få låna vad han behöver. Se till att du inte låter en ond tanke växa fram inom dig bara för att det sjunde året, avskrivningsåret, närmar sig, så att du ser med ont öga på din fattige broder och vägrar att låna ut pengar. Annars kommer den fattige att ropa ut sin nöd inför Herren och du får en synd att svara för. 10 Ge honom det han behöver utan att klaga, för då kommer Herren att välsigna ditt arbete och allt vad du gör. 11 Det kommer alltid att finnas fattiga i landet och därför ger jag dig detta bud: Ge med öppen hand till din broder, till den fattige och den som är i nöd i ditt land.

Slavar

(2 Mos 21:2-6)

12 Om någon av ditt folk, en hebreisk man eller kvinna, har sålt sig till dig som slav, ska han tjäna dig i sex år och sedan måste du frige honom eller henne det sjunde året 13 och du får inte skicka i väg slaven tomhänt. 14 Ge honom en ordentlig avskedsgåva från din hjord och av det som kommer från din tröskplats och din vinpress. Dela med dig åt honom av den välsignelse du själv har fått från Herren, din Gud. 15 Kom ihåg att du själv var slav i Egypten och att Herren, din Gud, befriade dig. Det är därför jag ger dig denna befallning.

16 Men om slaven inte vill lämna dig utan säger att han älskar dig och din familj och trivs bra i ditt hus, 17 då ska du sticka en syl genom hans öra in i dörren. Då blir han din slav för alltid. På samma sätt ska du göra med en slavinna. 18 Beklaga dig aldrig om du måste frige en slav! Du har under dessa sex år sparat in hela den summa[a] det skulle ha kostat dig att ha en anställd på det arbete han utfört åt dig. Herren, din Gud, ska välsigna dig i allt vad du gör.

Förstfödda djur

19 Allt förstfött av hankön från din boskap och dina hjordar ska du avskilja åt Herren, din Gud. Använd inte det förstfödda bland din nötboskap till arbete ute på åkrarna och klipp inte av ullen på det förstfödda bland dina får och getter. 20 Istället ska du och din familj varje år äta dessa djur inför Herren, din Gud, på den plats han väljer ut. 21 Men om det förstfödda djuret inte är felfritt, utan är lamt eller blint eller har något annat fel, ska du inte offra det åt Herren, din Gud. 22 Då ska du istället använda det som mat hemma till din familj. Alla rena och orena kan äta det precis som man äter gasell eller hjort. 23 Men dess blod får du inte äta utan häll ut det på marken som vatten.

Footnotes

  1. 15:18 Kan också översättas: den dubbla summan.

Laws concerning the Sabbatical Year

15 “At the end of every seven years you shall grant a release. And this is the manner of the release: every creditor shall release what he has lent to his neighbor; he shall not exact it of his neighbor, his brother, because the Lord’s release has been proclaimed. Of a foreigner you may exact it; but whatever of yours is with your brother your hand shall release. But there will be no poor among you (for the Lord will bless you in the land which the Lord your God gives you for an inheritance to possess), if only you will obey the voice of the Lord your God, being careful to do all this commandment which I command you this day. For the Lord your God will bless you, as he promised you, and you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow; and you shall rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over you.

“If there is among you a poor man, one of your brethren, in any of your towns within your land which the Lord your God gives you, you shall not harden your heart or shut your hand against your poor brother, but you shall open your hand to him, and lend him sufficient for his need, whatever it may be. Take heed lest there be a base thought in your heart, and you say, ‘The seventh year, the year of release is near,’ and your eye be hostile to your poor brother, and you give him nothing, and he cry to the Lord against you, and it be sin in you. 10 You shall give to him freely, and your heart shall not be grudging when you give to him; because for this the Lord your God will bless you in all your work and in all that you undertake. 11 For the poor will never cease out of the land; therefore I command you, You shall open wide your hand to your brother, to the needy and to the poor, in the land.

12 “If your brother, a Hebrew man, or a Hebrew woman, is sold to you, he shall serve you six years, and in the seventh year you shall let him go free from you. 13 And when you let him go free from you, you shall not let him go empty-handed; 14 you shall furnish him liberally out of your flock, out of your threshing floor, and out of your wine press; as the Lord your God has blessed you, you shall give to him. 15 You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God redeemed you; therefore I command you this today. 16 But if he says to you, ‘I will not go out from you,’ because he loves you and your household, since he fares well with you, 17 then you shall take an awl, and thrust it through his ear into the door, and he shall be your bondman for ever. And to your bondwoman you shall do likewise. 18 It shall not seem hard to you, when you let him go free from you; for at half the cost of a hired servant he has served you six years. So the Lord your God will bless you in all that you do.

The Firstborn of Livestock

19 “All the firstling males that are born of your herd and flock you shall consecrate to the Lord your God; you shall do no work with the firstling of your herd, nor shear the firstling of your flock. 20 You shall eat it, you and your household, before the Lord your God year by year at the place which the Lord will choose. 21 But if it has any blemish, if it is lame or blind, or has any serious blemish whatever, you shall not sacrifice it to the Lord your God. 22 You shall eat it within your towns; the unclean and the clean alike may eat it, as though it were a gazelle or a hart. 23 Only you shall not eat its blood; you shall pour it out on the ground like water.

The Year for Canceling Debts(A)

15 At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts.(B) This is how it is to be done: Every creditor shall cancel any loan they have made to a fellow Israelite. They shall not require payment from anyone among their own people, because the Lord’s time for canceling debts has been proclaimed. You may require payment from a foreigner,(C) but you must cancel any debt your fellow Israelite owes you. However, there need be no poor people among you, for in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess as your inheritance, he will richly bless(D) you, if only you fully obey the Lord your God and are careful to follow(E) all these commands I am giving you today. For the Lord your God will bless you as he has promised, and you will lend to many nations but will borrow from none. You will rule over many nations but none will rule over you.(F)

If anyone is poor(G) among your fellow Israelites in any of the towns of the land the Lord your God is giving you, do not be hardhearted or tightfisted(H) toward them. Rather, be openhanded(I) and freely lend them whatever they need. Be careful not to harbor this wicked thought: “The seventh year, the year for canceling debts,(J) is near,” so that you do not show ill will(K) toward the needy among your fellow Israelites and give them nothing. They may then appeal to the Lord against you, and you will be found guilty of sin.(L) 10 Give generously to them and do so without a grudging heart;(M) then because of this the Lord your God will bless(N) you in all your work and in everything you put your hand to. 11 There will always be poor people(O) in the land. Therefore I command you to be openhanded toward your fellow Israelites who are poor and needy in your land.(P)

Freeing Servants(Q)(R)

12 If any of your people—Hebrew men or women—sell themselves to you and serve you six years, in the seventh year you must let them go free.(S) 13 And when you release them, do not send them away empty-handed. 14 Supply them liberally from your flock, your threshing floor(T) and your winepress. Give to them as the Lord your God has blessed you. 15 Remember that you were slaves(U) in Egypt and the Lord your God redeemed you.(V) That is why I give you this command today.

16 But if your servant says to you, “I do not want to leave you,” because he loves you and your family and is well off with you, 17 then take an awl and push it through his earlobe into the door, and he will become your servant for life. Do the same for your female servant.

18 Do not consider it a hardship to set your servant free, because their service to you these six years has been worth twice as much as that of a hired hand. And the Lord your God will bless you in everything you do.

The Firstborn Animals

19 Set apart for the Lord(W) your God every firstborn male(X) of your herds and flocks.(Y) Do not put the firstborn of your cows to work, and do not shear the firstborn of your sheep.(Z) 20 Each year you and your family are to eat them in the presence of the Lord your God at the place he will choose.(AA) 21 If an animal has a defect,(AB) is lame or blind, or has any serious flaw, you must not sacrifice it to the Lord your God.(AC) 22 You are to eat it in your own towns. Both the ceremonially unclean and the clean may eat it, as if it were gazelle or deer.(AD) 23 But you must not eat the blood; pour it out on the ground like water.(AE)