Seid hilfsbereit!

22 Seht nicht untätig zu, wenn sich ein Rind, ein Schaf oder eine Ziege eines Israeliten verirrt! Bringt das Tier auf jeden Fall zurück! Wohnt der Besitzer weit weg von euch oder kennt ihr ihn nicht, dann nehmt das Tier mit nach Hause und versorgt es, bis man nach ihm fragt. Dann gebt es zurück. Das Gleiche gilt, wenn ihr einen entlaufenen Esel findet oder einen Mantel, den jemand hat liegen lassen. Immer wenn ihr jemandem helfen könnt, etwas Verlorenes zurückzubekommen, dann tut es! Verweigert niemandem eure Hilfe!

Wenn ihr seht, dass der Esel oder das Rind eines anderen Israeliten auf der Straße gestürzt ist, dann geht nicht vorbei, sondern helft, das Tier wieder auf die Beine zu bringen!

Bewahrt die natürliche Ordnung!

Eine Frau soll keine Männerkleidung tragen und ein Mann keine Frauenkleidung. Wer so etwas tut, den verabscheut der Herr, euer Gott.

Wenn ihr unterwegs in einem Baum oder am Boden ein Nest entdeckt, in dem ein Vogel brütet oder seine Jungen füttert, dann fangt ihn nicht! Nur die Jungen dürft ihr euch nehmen. Die Mutter lasst frei! Haltet euch daran, dann wird es euch gut gehen, und ihr werdet lange leben.

Wenn ihr ein neues Haus baut, dann sichert das Flachdach mit einem Geländer! Sonst seid ihr schuld, wenn jemand abstürzt und ums Leben kommt.

Wenn ihr einen Weinberg anlegt, dann pflanzt dort außer den Weinstöcken nichts anderes an! Sonst müsst ihr alles im Heiligtum abliefern, was ihr an Trauben und anderen Früchten erntet.

10 Spannt nicht Rind und Esel zusammen vor den Pflug!

11 Tragt keine Kleidung aus Mischgewebe, in der Wolle und Leinen zusammengewebt sind!

12 Näht Quasten an die vier Enden eurer Obergewänder!

Schutz vor Verleumdung und Vergewaltigung

13 Es kann geschehen, dass ein verheirateter Mann schon nach kurzer Zeit nichts mehr von seiner Frau wissen will. 14 Er bringt sie in Verruf und behauptet: »Als ich mit meiner Braut geschlafen habe, stellte sich heraus, dass sie keine Jungfrau mehr war!« 15 Dann sollen die Eltern der Frau zu den führenden Männern gehen, die am Stadttor Gericht halten, und ihnen das Bettlaken aus der Hochzeitsnacht[a] zeigen. 16 Der Vater soll erklären: »Ich habe meine Tochter diesem Mann zur Frau gegeben. Aber jetzt liebt er sie nicht mehr. 17 Deshalb verleumdet er sie und behauptet, sie habe schon vorher mit jemandem geschlafen. Aber die Blutflecken auf diesem Tuch beweisen, dass sie noch Jungfrau war.« Die Eltern sollen das Laken vor den führenden Männern der Stadt ausbreiten.

18 Dann soll der Mann dafür ausgepeitscht werden, 19 dass er eine junge israelitische Frau verleumdet hat. Außerdem hat er 100 Silberstücke an seinen Schwiegervater zu zahlen. Er muss seine Frau behalten und darf sich sein Leben lang nicht von ihr trennen.

20 Hat er aber die Wahrheit gesagt und hat man keinen Beweis erbringen können, dass die Frau noch Jungfrau war, 21 dann soll man sie vor die Tür ihres Elternhauses führen, und die Männer der Stadt sollen sie dort steinigen. Sie muss sterben, weil sie sich im Haus ihrer Eltern wie eine Hure verhalten hat. Das ist eine Schande für ganz Israel. Ihr müsst alles Böse aus eurem Volk beseitigen!

22 Wenn ein Mann mit der Frau eines anderen schläft und man ertappt sie, dann müssen beide sterben. Duldet keine solche Schandtat in eurem Volk!

23 Trifft ein Mann in der Stadt eine junge Frau, die mit einem anderen verlobt ist, und er schläft mit ihr, 24 dann sollt ihr die zwei aus der Stadt bringen und steinigen. Beide müssen sterben: die junge Frau, weil sie nicht um Hilfe gerufen hat, obwohl sie in der Stadt war, und der Mann, weil er sich an der Braut eines anderen vergriffen hat. Ihr müsst das Böse aus eurem Volk beseitigen!

25 Wenn aber ein Mann draußen auf dem Feld ein verlobtes Mädchen vergewaltigt, soll nur er getötet werden. 26 Der jungen Frau soll nichts geschehen, denn sie hat nichts getan, was den Tod verdient! Sie ist wie von einem Mörder überfallen worden. 27 Obwohl sie geschrien hat, konnte es niemand dort draußen hören und ihr helfen.

28 Wenn herauskommt, dass sich ein Mann an einer jungen Frau vergangen hat, die noch nicht verlobt ist, 29 dann muss er ihrem Vater 50 Silberstücke zahlen und sie heiraten. Er darf sich sein Leben lang nicht von ihr trennen, weil er sie gezwungen hat, mit ihm zu schlafen.

Footnotes

  1. 22,15 Wörtlich: das Zeichen der Jungfräulichkeit.

22 (A)“If you see an Israelite's cow or sheep running loose, do not ignore it; take it back. But if its owner lives a long way off or if you don't know who owns it, then take it home with you. When its owner comes looking for it, give it to him. Do the same thing if you find a donkey, a piece of clothing, or anything else that an Israelite may have lost.

“If an Israelite's donkey or cow has fallen down, don't ignore it; help him get the animal to its feet again.

“Women are not to wear men's clothing, and men are not to wear women's clothing; the Lord your God hates people who do such things.

“If you happen to find a bird's nest in a tree or on the ground with the mother bird sitting either on the eggs or with her young, you are not to take the mother bird. You may take the young birds, but you must let the mother bird go, so that you will live a long and prosperous life.

“When you build a new house, be sure to put a railing around the edge of the roof. Then you will not be responsible if someone falls off and is killed.

(B)“Do not plant any crop in the same field with your grapevines; if you do, you are forbidden to use either the grapes or the produce of the other crop.

10 “Do not hitch an ox and a donkey together for plowing.

11 “Do not wear cloth made by weaving wool and linen together.

12 (C)“Sew tassels on the four corners of your clothes.

Laws concerning Sexual Purity

13 “Suppose a man marries a young woman and later he decides he doesn't want her. 14 So he makes up false charges against her, accusing her of not being a virgin when they got married.

15 “If this happens, the young woman's parents are to take the blood-stained wedding sheet that proves she was a virgin, and they are to show it in court to the town leaders. 16 Her father will say to them, ‘I gave my daughter to this man in marriage, and now he doesn't want her. 17 He has made false charges against her, saying that she was not a virgin when he married her. But here is the proof that my daughter was a virgin; look at the bloodstains on the wedding sheet!’ 18 Then the town leaders are to take the husband and beat him. 19 They are also to fine him a hundred pieces of silver and give the money to the young woman's father, because the man has brought disgrace on an Israelite woman. Moreover, she will continue to be his wife, and he can never divorce her as long as he lives.

20 “But if the charge is true and there is no proof that she was a virgin, 21 then they are to take her out to the entrance of her father's house, where the men of her city are to stone her to death. She has done a shameful thing among our people by having intercourse before she was married, while she was still living in her father's house. In this way you will get rid of this evil.

22 “If a man is caught having intercourse with another man's wife, both of them are to be put to death. In this way you will get rid of this evil.

23 “Suppose a man is caught in a town having intercourse with a young woman who is engaged to someone else. 24 You are to take them outside the town and stone them to death. She is to die because she did not cry out for help, although she was in a town, where she could have been heard. And the man is to die because he had intercourse with someone who was engaged. In this way you will get rid of this evil.

25 “Suppose a man out in the countryside rapes a young woman who is engaged to someone else. Then only the man is to be put to death; 26 nothing is to be done to the woman, because she has not committed a sin worthy of death. This case is the same as when one man attacks another man and murders him. 27 The man raped the engaged woman in the countryside, and although she cried for help, there was no one to help her.

28 (D)“Suppose a man is caught raping a young woman who is not engaged. 29 He is to pay her father the bride price of fifty pieces of silver, and she is to become his wife, because he forced her to have intercourse with him. He can never divorce her as long as he lives.

30 (E)“No man is to disgrace his father by having intercourse with any of his father's wives.

22 If you see your fellow Israelite’s ox or sheep straying, do not ignore it but be sure to take it back to its owner.(A) If they do not live near you or if you do not know who owns it, take it home with you and keep it until they come looking for it. Then give it back. Do the same if you find their donkey or cloak or anything else they have lost. Do not ignore it.

If you see your fellow Israelite’s donkey(B) or ox fallen on the road, do not ignore it. Help the owner get it to its feet.(C)

A woman must not wear men’s clothing, nor a man wear women’s clothing, for the Lord your God detests anyone who does this.

If you come across a bird’s nest beside the road, either in a tree or on the ground, and the mother is sitting on the young or on the eggs, do not take the mother with the young.(D) You may take the young, but be sure to let the mother go,(E) so that it may go well with you and you may have a long life.(F)

When you build a new house, make a parapet around your roof so that you may not bring the guilt of bloodshed on your house if someone falls from the roof.(G)

Do not plant two kinds of seed in your vineyard;(H) if you do, not only the crops you plant but also the fruit of the vineyard will be defiled.[a]

10 Do not plow with an ox and a donkey yoked together.(I)

11 Do not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together.(J)

12 Make tassels on the four corners of the cloak you wear.(K)

Marriage Violations

13 If a man takes a wife and, after sleeping with her(L), dislikes her 14 and slanders her and gives her a bad name, saying, “I married this woman, but when I approached her, I did not find proof of her virginity,” 15 then the young woman’s father and mother shall bring to the town elders at the gate(M) proof that she was a virgin. 16 Her father will say to the elders, “I gave my daughter in marriage to this man, but he dislikes her. 17 Now he has slandered her and said, ‘I did not find your daughter to be a virgin.’ But here is the proof of my daughter’s virginity.” Then her parents shall display the cloth before the elders of the town, 18 and the elders(N) shall take the man and punish him. 19 They shall fine him a hundred shekels[b] of silver and give them to the young woman’s father, because this man has given an Israelite virgin a bad name. She shall continue to be his wife; he must not divorce her as long as he lives.

20 If, however, the charge is true(O) and no proof of the young woman’s virginity can be found, 21 she shall be brought to the door of her father’s house and there the men of her town shall stone her to death. She has done an outrageous thing(P) in Israel by being promiscuous while still in her father’s house. You must purge the evil from among you.

22 If a man is found sleeping with another man’s wife, both the man who slept(Q) with her and the woman must die.(R) You must purge the evil from Israel.

23 If a man happens to meet in a town a virgin pledged to be married and he sleeps with her, 24 you shall take both of them to the gate of that town and stone them to death—the young woman because she was in a town and did not scream for help, and the man because he violated another man’s wife. You must purge the evil from among you.(S)

25 But if out in the country a man happens to meet a young woman pledged to be married and rapes her, only the man who has done this shall die. 26 Do nothing to the woman; she has committed no sin deserving death. This case is like that of someone who attacks and murders a neighbor, 27 for the man found the young woman out in the country, and though the betrothed woman screamed,(T) there was no one to rescue her.

28 If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered,(U) 29 he shall pay her father fifty shekels[c] of silver. He must marry the young woman, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives.

30 A man is not to marry his father’s wife; he must not dishonor his father’s bed.[d](V)

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 22:9 Or be forfeited to the sanctuary
  2. Deuteronomy 22:19 That is, about 2 1/2 pounds or about 1.2 kilograms
  3. Deuteronomy 22:29 That is, about 1 1/4 pounds or about 575 grams
  4. Deuteronomy 22:30 In Hebrew texts this verse (22:30) is numbered 23:1.