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3 Mose 14
Hoffnung für Alle

Reinigungsopfer für vom Aussatz Geheilte

14 Der Herr sprach zu Mose: 2 »Wenn ein Aussätziger gesund geworden ist und für rein erklärt werden will, dann gelten folgende Anweisungen: Er muss zum Priester gebracht werden, 3 der ihn außerhalb des Lagers untersuchen soll. Ist der Kranke wirklich wieder gesund geworden, 4 lässt der Priester für ihn zwei lebende, reine Vögel bringen sowie Zedernholz, karmesinrote Wolle und ein Büschel Ysop. 5 Auf Anweisung des Priesters wird ein Vogel über einem Tongefäß mit frischem Quellwasser getötet, um das Blut des Tieres aufzufangen. 6 Den lebenden Vogel nimmt der Priester in die Hand und taucht ihn zusammen mit dem Zedernholz, der karmesinroten Wolle und dem Ysop in das Blut des ersten Vogels, das sich mit dem frischen Quellwasser vermischt hat. 7 Siebenmal besprengt er mit dem blutvermischten Wasser den Geheilten und erklärt ihn für rein. Den lebenden Vogel lässt er fliegen. 8 Der Geheilte wäscht seine Kleider, rasiert alle seine Haare ab und wäscht sich; danach ist er rein. Er darf wieder ins Lager kommen, soll aber sieben Tage lang sein Zelt nicht betreten. 9 Am siebten Tag rasiert er noch einmal den Kopf, den Bart, die Augenbrauen und alle anderen Haare. Nachdem er seine Kleider gewaschen und sich gebadet hat, ist er endgültig rein.

10 Am achten Tag sucht er zwei männliche Lämmer und ein einjähriges weibliches Lamm aus, alles fehlerlose Tiere; zusätzlich bringt er für das Speiseopfer vier Kilogramm feines Weizenmehl, mit Öl vermengt, sowie einen halben Liter Öl. 11 Der Priester, der die Reinigung vornimmt, führt den Mann mit seinen Opfergaben zum Eingang des heiligen Zeltes, in meine Gegenwart. 12 Eines der Lämmer und das Öl sind für das Schuldopfer bestimmt. Der Priester weiht sie mir, dem Herrn, indem er sie vor dem Heiligtum hin- und herschwingt. 13 Dann schlachtet er das Lamm am Eingang des heiligen Zeltes, wo auch die Tiere für das Sündopfer und für das Brandopfer geschlachtet werden. Wie das Sündopfer steht das Schuldopfer dem Priester zu; es ist besonders heilig. 14 Der Priester nimmt etwas vom Blut des Opfertieres und streicht es dem, der gereinigt werden möchte, auf das rechte Ohrläppchen, den rechten Daumen und die rechte große Zehe. 15 Nun gießt er etwas Öl in die linke Hand, 16 taucht einen Finger der rechten Hand hinein und besprengt damit siebenmal den Altar. 17 Von dem Öl in seiner Hand streicht er dem Geheilten etwas auf das rechte Ohrläppchen, den rechten Daumen und die rechte große Zehe, so wie er es vorher mit dem Blut des Opfertieres getan hat. 18 Das restliche Öl streicht der Priester auf den Kopf des Mannes. So soll er ihn mit mir, dem Herrn, versöhnen.

19 Dann bringt er das Sündopfer dar, um den Geheilten von aller Verunreinigung und Schuld zu befreien. Anschließend schlachtet er das Tier für das Brandopfer 20 und verbrennt das Speise- und das Brandopfer auf dem Altar. So bewirkt er, dass der Betreffende wieder als rein gelten darf.

21 Wenn jemand zu arm ist und sich die Opfergaben nicht leisten kann, bringt er nur ein Lamm für das Schuldopfer. Es soll mir, dem Herrn, geweiht werden, damit ich dem Geheilten seine Schuld vergebe. Als Speiseopfer genügen in einem solchen Fall eineinhalb Kilogramm feines, mit Öl vermengtes Mehl sowie ein halber Liter Öl. 22 Wenn der Mann es aufbringen kann, kommen noch zwei Turteltauben oder zwei andere Tauben dazu, eine für das Sündopfer, die andere für das Brandopfer. 23 Am achten Tag, wenn er für rein erklärt werden möchte, bringt er diese Opfergaben zum Priester an den Eingang des heiligen Zeltes, in meine Gegenwart. 24 Der Priester nimmt das Lamm und den halben Liter Öl entgegen und schwingt sie vor dem Heiligtum hin und her, um sie mir, dem Herrn, zu weihen. 25 Dann schlachtet er das Lamm für das Schuldopfer und streicht dem Geheilten etwas von dem Blut auf das rechte Ohrläppchen, den rechten Daumen und die rechte große Zehe. 26 Anschließend gießt er Öl in die linke Hand 27 und sprengt etwas davon mit einem Finger der rechten Hand siebenmal an den Altar. 28 Von dem Öl in seiner Hand streicht er dem Geheilten etwas auf das rechte Ohrläppchen, den rechten Daumen und die rechte große Zehe, so wie er es vorher mit dem Blut des Opfertieres getan hat. 29 Das restliche Öl streicht der Priester auf den Kopf des Mannes. So soll er ihn mit mir, dem Herrn, versöhnen. 30-31 Dann bringt er eine der beiden Tauben als Sündopfer und die andere als Brandopfer dar, zusammen mit den Speiseopfergaben. So befreit der Priester den Mann von seiner Unreinheit und sorgt dafür, dass ich, der Herr, ihm seine Schuld vergebe. 32 Diese Bestimmungen gelten für einen vom Aussatz Geheilten, der die volle Opfergabe für seine Reinigung nicht aufbringen kann.«

Schimmelpilzbefall an Häusern

33 Der Herr sprach zu Mose und Aaron: 34 »Wenn ihr ins Land Kanaan kommt, das ich euch als euer Eigentum schenken will, und ich lasse dort an einem Haus Schimmelpilz entstehen, 35 dann soll der Besitzer seinen Verdacht dem Priester melden. 36 Dieser ordnet an, das Haus auszuräumen, ehe er kommt, um den Befall zu untersuchen. Denn sonst müsste, falls es ein Pilzbefall ist, der ganze Hausrat für unrein erklärt werden. Nun kommt der Priester, um sich das Haus anzusehen. 37 Entdeckt er im Mauerwerk rötliche oder grünliche Vertiefungen, 38 verlässt er das Haus und verschließt es für sieben Tage. 39 Wenn er am siebten Tag wiederkommt und sieht, dass sich der Befall am Mauerwerk ausgebreitet hat, 40 dann muss er anordnen, die befallenen Steine auszubrechen und außerhalb der Stadt an einen unreinen Ort zu werfen. 41 Die Innenwände des Hauses lässt er abkratzen und den Lehm ebenfalls außerhalb der Stadt an einen unreinen Ort schütten. 42 Dann werden die herausgebrochenen Steine durch andere ersetzt, und das Haus wird mit neuem Lehm verputzt. 43 Wenn aber der Befall wieder auftritt, nachdem man die alten Steine herausgebrochen, den Lehm abgekratzt und das Haus neu verputzt hat, 44 kommt der Priester und schaut es sich erneut an. Stellt er fest, dass sich der Befall ausgebreitet hat, dann handelt es sich um einen hartnäckigen Schimmelpilz, der nicht wieder verschwindet; das Haus bleibt unrein. 45 Man muss es abreißen und den Schutt – die Steine, die Balken und den Lehm – an einen unreinen Ort außerhalb der Stadt bringen.

46 Wer das Haus betritt, während es verschlossen bleiben soll, ist unrein bis zum Abend. 47 Wer in dem Haus schläft oder isst, muss danach seine Kleider waschen. 48 Wenn aber der Priester sieht, dass sich der Pilzbefall am Haus nicht ausgebreitet hat, nachdem es neu verputzt wurde, soll er das Haus für rein erklären, denn der Schimmelpilz ist verschwunden. 49 Er holt dann zwei Vögel, Zedernholz, karmesinrote Wolle und ein Büschel Ysop, um das Haus von seiner Unreinheit zu befreien. 50 Den einen Vogel tötet er über einem Tongefäß mit frischem Quellwasser, um das Blut des Tieres aufzufangen. 51 Dann nimmt er das Zedernholz, den Ysop, die karmesinrote Wolle und den lebenden Vogel und taucht alles in das Blut des ersten Vogels, das sich mit dem Wasser vermischt hat. Siebenmal besprengt er mit dem blutvermischten Wasser das Haus. 52 So befreit er es von aller Unreinheit, die auf ihm lastet. 53 Den lebenden Vogel lässt er aus der Stadt hinaus ins Freie fliegen. So sorgt er dafür, dass das Haus wieder als rein gelten darf.

54-56 Diese Vorschriften gelten für jede Art von krankhaftem oder schädlichem Befall, nämlich für Hautkrankheiten wie Aussatz, Geschwüre, Ausschläge und Flecken sowie für Schimmelpilz an Kleidung und Häusern. 57 Mit Hilfe dieser Bestimmungen soll entschieden werden, wann ein Mensch oder ein Gegenstand unrein oder rein ist.«

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Leviticus 14
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Cleansing From Defiling Skin Diseases

14 The Lord said to Moses, 2 “These are the regulations for any diseased person at the time of their ceremonial cleansing, when they are brought to the priest:(A) 3 The priest is to go outside the camp and examine them.(B) If they have been healed of their defiling skin disease,[a](C) 4 the priest shall order that two live clean birds and some cedar wood, scarlet yarn and hyssop(D) be brought for the person to be cleansed.(E) 5 Then the priest shall order that one of the birds be killed over fresh water in a clay pot.(F) 6 He is then to take the live bird and dip it, together with the cedar wood, the scarlet yarn and the hyssop, into the blood of the bird that was killed over the fresh water.(G) 7 Seven times(H) he shall sprinkle(I) the one to be cleansed of the defiling disease, and then pronounce them clean. After that, he is to release the live bird in the open fields.(J)

8 “The person to be cleansed must wash their clothes,(K) shave off all their hair and bathe with water;(L) then they will be ceremonially clean.(M) After this they may come into the camp,(N) but they must stay outside their tent for seven days. 9 On the seventh day(O) they must shave off all their hair;(P) they must shave their head, their beard, their eyebrows and the rest of their hair. They must wash their clothes and bathe themselves with water, and they will be clean.(Q)

10 “On the eighth day(R) they must bring two male lambs and one ewe lamb(S) a year old, each without defect, along with three-tenths of an ephah[b](T) of the finest flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering,(U) and one log[c] of oil.(V) 11 The priest who pronounces them clean shall present(W) both the one to be cleansed and their offerings before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting.(X)

12 “Then the priest is to take one of the male lambs and offer it as a guilt offering,(Y) along with the log of oil; he shall wave them before the Lord as a wave offering.(Z) 13 He is to slaughter the lamb in the sanctuary area(AA) where the sin offering[d] and the burnt offering are slaughtered. Like the sin offering, the guilt offering belongs to the priest;(AB) it is most holy. 14 The priest is to take some of the blood of the guilt offering and put it on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot.(AC) 15 The priest shall then take some of the log of oil, pour it in the palm of his own left hand,(AD) 16 dip his right forefinger into the oil in his palm, and with his finger sprinkle some of it before the Lord seven times.(AE) 17 The priest is to put some of the oil remaining in his palm on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot, on top of the blood of the guilt offering.(AF) 18 The rest of the oil in his palm the priest shall put on the head of the one to be cleansed(AG) and make atonement for them before the Lord.

19 “Then the priest is to sacrifice the sin offering and make atonement for the one to be cleansed from their uncleanness.(AH) After that, the priest shall slaughter the burnt offering 20 and offer it on the altar, together with the grain offering, and make atonement for them,(AI) and they will be clean.(AJ)

21 “If, however, they are poor(AK) and cannot afford these,(AL) they must take one male lamb as a guilt offering to be waved to make atonement for them, together with a tenth of an ephah[e] of the finest flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, a log of oil, 22 and two doves or two young pigeons,(AM) such as they can afford, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.(AN)

23 “On the eighth day they must bring them for their cleansing to the priest at the entrance to the tent of meeting,(AO) before the Lord.(AP) 24 The priest is to take the lamb for the guilt offering,(AQ) together with the log of oil,(AR) and wave them before the Lord as a wave offering.(AS) 25 He shall slaughter the lamb for the guilt offering and take some of its blood and put it on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot.(AT) 26 The priest is to pour some of the oil into the palm of his own left hand,(AU) 27 and with his right forefinger sprinkle some of the oil from his palm seven times before the Lord. 28 Some of the oil in his palm he is to put on the same places he put the blood of the guilt offering—on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot. 29 The rest of the oil in his palm the priest shall put on the head of the one to be cleansed, to make atonement for them before the Lord.(AV) 30 Then he shall sacrifice the doves or the young pigeons, such as the person can afford,(AW) 31 one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering,(AX) together with the grain offering. In this way the priest will make atonement before the Lord on behalf of the one to be cleansed.(AY)”

32 These are the regulations for anyone who has a defiling skin disease(AZ) and who cannot afford the regular offerings(BA) for their cleansing.

Cleansing From Defiling Molds

33 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, 34 “When you enter the land of Canaan,(BB) which I am giving you as your possession,(BC) and I put a spreading mold in a house in that land, 35 the owner of the house must go and tell the priest, ‘I have seen something that looks like a defiling mold in my house.’ 36 The priest is to order the house to be emptied before he goes in to examine the mold, so that nothing in the house will be pronounced unclean. After this the priest is to go in and inspect the house. 37 He is to examine the mold on the walls, and if it has greenish or reddish(BD) depressions that appear to be deeper than the surface of the wall, 38 the priest shall go out the doorway of the house and close it up for seven days.(BE) 39 On the seventh day(BF) the priest shall return to inspect the house. If the mold has spread on the walls, 40 he is to order that the contaminated stones be torn out and thrown into an unclean place outside the town.(BG) 41 He must have all the inside walls of the house scraped and the material that is scraped off dumped into an unclean place outside the town. 42 Then they are to take other stones to replace these and take new clay and plaster the house.

43 “If the defiling mold reappears in the house after the stones have been torn out and the house scraped and plastered, 44 the priest is to go and examine it and, if the mold has spread in the house, it is a persistent defiling mold; the house is unclean.(BH) 45 It must be torn down—its stones, timbers and all the plaster—and taken out of the town to an unclean place.

46 “Anyone who goes into the house while it is closed up will be unclean till evening.(BI) 47 Anyone who sleeps or eats in the house must wash their clothes.(BJ)

48 “But if the priest comes to examine it and the mold has not spread after the house has been plastered, he shall pronounce the house clean,(BK) because the defiling mold is gone. 49 To purify the house he is to take two birds and some cedar wood, scarlet yarn and hyssop.(BL) 50 He shall kill one of the birds over fresh water in a clay pot.(BM) 51 Then he is to take the cedar wood, the hyssop,(BN) the scarlet yarn and the live bird, dip them into the blood of the dead bird and the fresh water, and sprinkle the house seven times.(BO) 52 He shall purify the house with the bird’s blood, the fresh water, the live bird, the cedar wood, the hyssop and the scarlet yarn. 53 Then he is to release the live bird in the open fields(BP) outside the town. In this way he will make atonement for the house, and it will be clean.(BQ)”

54 These are the regulations for any defiling skin disease,(BR) for a sore, 55 for defiling molds(BS) in fabric or in a house, 56 and for a swelling, a rash or a shiny spot,(BT) 57 to determine when something is clean or unclean.

These are the regulations for defiling skin diseases and defiling molds.(BU)

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 14:3 The Hebrew word for defiling skin disease, traditionally translated “leprosy,” was used for various diseases affecting the skin; also in verses 7, 32, 54 and 57.
  2. Leviticus 14:10 That is, probably about 11 pounds or about 5 kilograms
  3. Leviticus 14:10 That is, about 1/3 quart or about 0.3 liter; also in verses 12, 15, 21 and 24
  4. Leviticus 14:13 Or purification offering; also in verses 19, 22 and 31
  5. Leviticus 14:21 That is, probably about 3 1/2 pounds or about 1.6 kilograms
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Leviticus 14
English Standard Version

Laws for Cleansing Lepers

14 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “This shall be the law of the leprous person for the day of his cleansing. (A)He shall be brought to the priest, 3 and the priest shall go (B)out of the camp, and the priest shall look. Then, if the case of leprous disease is healed in the leprous person, 4 the priest shall command them to take for him who is to be cleansed two live[a] clean birds and (C)cedarwood and (D)scarlet yarn and (E)hyssop. 5 And the priest shall command them to kill one of the birds in an earthenware vessel over fresh[b] water. 6 He shall take the live bird with the cedarwood and the scarlet yarn and the hyssop, and dip them and the live bird in the blood of the bird that was killed over the fresh water. 7 And he shall (F)sprinkle it (G)seven times on him who is to be cleansed of the leprous disease. Then he shall pronounce him clean and shall (H)let the living bird go (I)into the open field. 8 And he who is to be cleansed (J)shall wash his clothes and shave off all his hair and bathe himself in water, and he shall be clean. And after that he may come into the camp, but (K)live outside his tent seven days. 9 And (L)on the seventh day he shall shave off all his hair from his head, his beard, and his eyebrows. He shall shave off all his hair, and then he (M)shall wash his clothes and bathe his body in water, and he shall be clean.

10 “And on the eighth day he (N)shall take two male lambs without blemish, and one ewe lamb a year old without blemish, and a (O)grain offering of three tenths of an ephah[c] of fine flour mixed with oil, and one log[d] of oil. 11 And the priest who cleanses him shall set the man who is to be cleansed and these things before the Lord, at the entrance of the tent of meeting. 12 And the priest shall take one of the male lambs and (P)offer it for a guilt offering, along with the log of oil, and (Q)wave them for a wave offering before the Lord. 13 And he shall kill the lamb (R)in the place where they kill the sin offering and the burnt offering, in the place of the sanctuary. For (S)the guilt offering, like the sin offering, belongs to the priest; (T)it is most holy. 14 The priest shall take some of the blood of the guilt offering, and the priest shall put it (U)on the lobe of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed and on the thumb of his right hand and on the big toe of his right foot. 15 Then the priest shall take some of the log of oil and pour it into the palm of his own left hand 16 and dip his right finger in the oil that is in his left hand and sprinkle some oil with his finger seven times before the Lord. 17 And some of the oil that remains in his hand the priest shall put on the lobe of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed and on the thumb of his right hand and on the big toe of his right foot, on top of the blood of the guilt offering. 18 And the rest of the oil that is in the priest's hand he shall put on the head of him who is to be cleansed. (V)Then the priest shall make atonement for him before the Lord. 19 The priest shall offer the sin offering, to make atonement for him who is to be cleansed from his uncleanness. And afterward he shall kill the burnt offering. 20 And the priest shall offer the burnt offering and the (W)grain offering on the altar. (X)Thus the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be clean.

21 “But (Y)if he is poor and cannot afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a guilt offering (Z)to be waved, to make atonement for him, and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering, and a log of oil; 22 (AA)also two turtledoves or two pigeons, whichever he can afford. The one shall be a sin offering and the other a burnt offering. 23 (AB)And on the eighth day he shall bring them for his cleansing to the priest, to the entrance of the tent of meeting, before the Lord. 24 (AC)And the priest shall take the lamb of the guilt offering and the log of oil, and the priest shall wave them for a wave offering before the Lord. 25 And he shall kill the lamb of the guilt offering. (AD)And the priest shall take some of the blood of the guilt offering and put it on the lobe of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, and on the thumb of his right hand and on the big toe of his right foot. 26 And the priest shall pour some of the oil into the palm of his own left hand, 27 and shall sprinkle with his right finger some of the oil that is in his left hand seven times before the Lord. 28 And the priest shall put some of the oil that is in his hand on the lobe of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed and on the thumb of his right hand and on the big toe of his right foot, in the place where the blood of the guilt offering was put. 29 And the rest of the oil that is in the priest's hand he shall put on the head of him who is to be cleansed, to make atonement for him before the Lord. 30 And he shall offer, of the (AE)turtledoves or pigeons, whichever he can afford, 31 one[e] for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering, along with a grain offering. (AF)And the priest shall make atonement before the Lord for him who is being cleansed. 32 This is the law for him in whom is a case of leprous disease, who cannot afford (AG)the offerings for his cleansing.”

Laws for Cleansing Houses

33 The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, 34 “When you come into the land of Canaan, which I give you (AH)for a possession, and I put a case of leprous disease in a house in the land of your possession, 35 then he who owns the house shall come and tell the priest, ‘There seems to me to be some case of (AI)disease in my house.’ 36 Then the priest shall command that they empty the house before the priest goes to examine the disease, lest all that is in the house be declared unclean. And afterward the priest shall go in to see the house. 37 And he shall examine the disease. And if the disease is in the walls of the house with greenish or reddish spots, and if it appears to be deeper than the surface, 38 then the priest shall go out of the house to the door of the house and shut up the house seven days. 39 And the priest shall come again on the seventh day, and look. If the disease has spread in the walls of the house, 40 then the priest shall command that they take out the stones in which is the disease and throw them into an unclean place outside the city. 41 And he shall have the inside of the house scraped all around, and the plaster that they scrape off they shall pour out in an unclean place outside the city. 42 Then they shall take other stones and put them in the place of those stones, and he shall take other plaster and plaster the house.

43 “If the disease breaks out again in the house, after he has taken out the stones and scraped the house and plastered it, 44 then the priest shall go and look. And if the disease has spread in the house, it is a (AJ)persistent leprous disease in the house; it is unclean. 45 And he shall break down the house, its stones and timber and all the plaster of the house, and he shall carry them out of the city to an unclean place. 46 Moreover, whoever enters the house while it is shut up shall be unclean until the evening, 47 and whoever sleeps in the house (AK)shall wash his clothes, and whoever eats in the house shall wash his clothes.

48 “But if the priest comes and looks, and if the disease has not spread in the house after the house was plastered, then the priest shall pronounce the house clean, for the disease is healed. 49 And for the (AL)cleansing of the house he shall take (AM)two small birds, with cedarwood and scarlet yarn and hyssop, 50 and shall kill one of the birds in an earthenware vessel over fresh water 51 and shall take the cedarwood and the hyssop and the scarlet yarn, along with the live bird, and dip them in the blood of the bird that was killed and in the fresh water and sprinkle the house seven times. 52 Thus he shall cleanse the house with the blood of the bird and with the fresh water and with the live bird and with the cedarwood and hyssop and scarlet yarn. 53 And he shall let the live bird go out of the city (AN)into the open country. So he shall (AO)make atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.”

54 This is the law for any case of leprous disease: for (AP)an itch, 55 for (AQ)leprous disease in a garment or in (AR)a house, 56 and (AS)for a swelling or an eruption or a spot, 57 to (AT)show when it is unclean and when it is clean. This is the law for leprous disease.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 14:4 Or wild
  2. Leviticus 14:5 Or running; Hebrew living; also verses 6, 50, 51, 52
  3. Leviticus 14:10 An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters
  4. Leviticus 14:10 A log was about 1/3 quart or 0.3 liter
  5. Leviticus 14:31 Septuagint, Syriac; Hebrew afford, 31 such as he can afford, one
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