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Abner Cuts a Covenant with David

Now it happened, while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David that (A)Abner was making himself strong in the house of Saul. Now Saul had a concubine whose name was (B)Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah; and [a]Ish-bosheth said to Abner, “Why have you gone in to my father’s concubine?” Then Abner was very angry over the words of Ish-bosheth and said, “(C)Am I a dog’s head that belongs to Judah? Today I show lovingkindness to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers and to his friends, and have not delivered you into the hands of David; and yet today you charge me with a guilt concerning the woman. (D)May God do so to Abner, and more also, if (E)as Yahweh has sworn to David, I do not do this for him, 10 (F)to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul and to establish the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, (G)from Dan even to Beersheba.” 11 And he could no longer respond a word to Abner, because he was afraid of him.

12 Then Abner sent messengers to David in his place, saying, “Whose is the land? Cut your covenant with me, and behold, my hand shall be with you to turn all Israel over to you.” 13 And he said, “Good! I will cut a covenant with you, but I ask one thing of you, [b]namely, (H)you shall not see my face unless you (I)first bring Michal, Saul’s daughter, when you come to see my face.” 14 So David sent messengers to Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, saying, “Give me my wife Michal, to whom I was betrothed (J)for one hundred foreskins of the Philistines.” 15 And Ish-bosheth sent and took her from her husband, from [c]Paltiel the son of Laish. 16 But her husband went with her, weeping as he went, and followed her as far as (K)Bahurim. Then Abner said to him, “Go, return.” So he returned.

17 Now Abner had [d]consultation with (L)the elders of Israel, saying, “In times past you were seeking for David to be king over you. 18 So now, do it! For Yahweh has spoken of David, saying, ‘(M)By the hand of My servant David [e]I will save My people Israel from the hand of the Philistines and from the hand of all their enemies.’” 19 Abner also spoke in the hearing of Benjamin; and in addition Abner went to speak in the hearing of David in Hebron all that was good in the sight of Israel and in the sight of (N)the whole house of Benjamin.

20 Then Abner and twenty men with him came to David at Hebron. And David made a feast for Abner and the men who were with him. 21 And Abner said to David, “Let me arise and go and (O)gather all Israel to my lord the king, that they may cut a covenant with you, and that (P)you may be king over all that your soul desires.” So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace.

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 3:7 As in some ancient mss and versions; M.T. he
  2. 2 Samuel 3:13 Lit saying
  3. 2 Samuel 3:15 In 1 Sam 25:44, Palti
  4. 2 Samuel 3:17 Lit a word
  5. 2 Samuel 3:18 As in many ancient mss and versions; M.T. he

While war continued between the dynasties of Saul and David, Abner was growing in influence within the dynasty of Saul. Meanwhile, Saul had a mistress[a] named Rizpah, who was the[b] daughter of Aiah. Ish-bosheth[c] asked Abner, “Why did you have sex with my father’s mistress?”

What Ish-bosheth[d] said made Abner furious, so he replied, “A dog’s head for Judah—is that what I am? Up until today I’ve kept on showing loyalty to your father Saul’s dynasty, to his relatives and friends, and I haven’t turned you over to David, but you’re charging me today with moral guilt regarding this woman! Therefore may God do to me[e]—and more also!—just as the Lord has promised to David, since I’m doing this for him: 10 I will take away the kingdom from the dynasty of Saul by making the throne of David firm over Israel and Judah—from Dan to Beer-sheba!”

11 Ish-bosheth[f] couldn’t say another word in response to Abner, because he was terrified of him. 12 So Abner sent messengers to David at Hebron to ask him, “Who owns this land? Cut a deal[g] with me, and look!—I’ll lend my hand in bringing all of Israel over to you!”

13 David replied, “Sounds good to me! I’ll cut a deal[h] with you under one condition: you’re not to show yourself in my presence unless you bring Saul’s daughter with you when you come to see me.” 14 Then David sent a delegation to Saul’s son Ish-bosheth to say, “Give me my wife Michal, to whom I was engaged with a dowry of 100 Philistine foreskins.”[i]

15 So Ish-bosheth ordered that she be taken away from her husband, Laish’s son Paltiel. 16 Her husband accompanied her, crying as he followed after her all the way to Bahurim, where Abner told him, “Leave! Go back!” So he went back.

David’s Dynasty is Strengthened

17 Later, Abner had a talk with the elders of Israel. He said, “In the past you were looking to see David made king over you. 18 So do it, then! Because the Lord has said this about David:

‘Through my servant David I will save my people Israel
    from the control of the Philistines
        and from all of their enemies.’”

19 Abner also addressed the tribe of Benjamin. Furthermore, with David’s permission,[j] Abner said anything that seemed like it would be good for Israel and for the entire tribe of Benjamin.

20 Afterwards, Abner brought 20 soldiers to David at Hebron, and David threw a party for Abner and the men who were with him. 21 So Abner told David, “Give me permission to go out and rally all of Israel to your majesty the king so they can enter into a formal agreement with you to reign over everything that your heart desires.” So David sent Abner off, and he went away in peace.

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 3:7 Or concubine; i.e. a secondary wife; and so throughout the chapter
  2. 2 Samuel 3:7 The Heb. lacks who was the
  3. 2 Samuel 3:7 Lit. And he; cf. vs. 8
  4. 2 Samuel 3:8 Cf. 1Chr 8:33, where he is named Esh-baal; i.e., a man devoted to Baal
  5. 2 Samuel 3:9 Lit. to Abner
  6. 2 Samuel 3:11 Lit. he
  7. 2 Samuel 3:12 Lit. covenant
  8. 2 Samuel 3:13 Lit. covenant
  9. 2 Samuel 3:14 Cf. 1Sam 18:25ff
  10. 2 Samuel 3:19 Lit. in the hearing of David; i.e., with David’s tacit knowledge