Print Page Options

Victorias de David(A)

Pasado algún tiempo, David derrotó a los filisteos y los subyugó, quitándoles el control de Méteg Amá. También derrotó a los moabitas, a quienes obligó a tenderse en el suelo y midió con un cordel; a los que cabían a lo largo de dos medidas los condenó a muerte, pero dejó con vida a los que quedaban dentro de la medida siguiente. Fue así como los moabitas pasaron a ser vasallos tributarios de David.

Además, David derrotó a Hadad Ezer, hijo del rey Rejob de Sobá, cuando Hadad Ezer trató de restablecer su dominio sobre la región del río Éufrates. David le capturó mil carros, siete mil jinetes[a] y veinte mil soldados de infantería; también desjarretó los caballos de tiro, aunque dejó los caballos suficientes para cien carros.

Luego, cuando los sirios de Damasco acudieron en auxilio de Hadad Ezer, rey de Sobá, David aniquiló a veintidós mil de ellos. También puso guarniciones en Damasco, de modo que los sirios pasaron a ser vasallos tributarios de David. En todas las campañas de David, el Señor le daba la victoria.

En cuanto a los escudos de oro que llevaban los oficiales de Hadad Ezer, David se apropió de ellos y los trasladó a Jerusalén. Así mismo se apoderó de una gran cantidad de bronce que había en Tébaj[b] y Berotay, poblaciones de Hadad Ezer.

Tou,[c] rey de Jamat, se enteró de que David había derrotado por completo al ejército de Hadad Ezer. 10 Como Tou también era enemigo de Hadad Ezer, envió a su hijo Jorán[d] a desearle bienestar al rey David y a felicitarlo por haber derrotado a Hadad Ezer en batalla. Jorán llevó consigo objetos de plata, de oro y de bronce, 11 los cuales el rey David consagró al Señor, tal como lo había hecho con la plata y el oro de las otras naciones que él había subyugado: 12 Edom,[e] Moab, los amonitas, los filisteos y los amalecitas. También consagró el botín que le había quitado a Hadad Ezer, hijo del rey Rejob de Sobá.

13 La fama de David creció aún más cuando regresó victorioso del valle de la Sal, donde aniquiló a dieciocho mil edomitas. 14 También puso guarniciones en Edom; las estableció por todo el país, de modo que los edomitas pasaron a ser vasallos tributarios de David. En todas sus campañas, el Señor le daba la victoria.

Los oficiales de David(B)

15 David reinó sobre todo Israel, gobernando al pueblo entero con justicia y rectitud. 16 Joab hijo de Sarvia era general del ejército; Josafat hijo de Ajilud era el secretario; 17 Sadoc hijo de Ajitob y Ajimélec hijo de Abiatar eran sacerdotes; Seraías era el cronista; 18 Benaías hijo de Joyadá estaba al mando de los soldados quereteos y peleteos, y los hijos de David eran ministros.[f]

Footnotes

  1. 8:4 mil carros, siete mil jinetes (LXX; véanse Qumrán y 1Cr 18:4); mil setecientos jinetes (TM).
  2. 8:8 Tébaj (Siríaca; véanse mss. de LXX y 1Cr 18:8); Beta (TM).
  3. 8:9 Tou (véanse mss. de LXX, Vulgata, Siríaca, 1Cr 18:9-10); Toy (TM); también en v. 10.
  4. 8:10 Jorán. También llamado Adorán (véase 1Cr 18:10).
  5. 8:12 Edom (mss. hebreos, LXX y Siríaca; véase 1Cr 18:11); Aram (TM); también en v. 13 (edomitas).
  6. 8:18 ministros. Lit. sacerdotes.

Campañas militares de David(A)

Después de esto David venció a los filisteos, sometiéndolos y arrebatándoles de las manos las riendas del poder. También derrotó a los moabitas, a quienes hizo que se tendieran en el suelo y los midió con un cordel: los que quedaban dentro de cada dos medidas de cordel, eran condenados a muerte, y los que quedaban dentro de una medida eran dejados con vida. Así los moabitas fueron sometidos a David y tuvieron que pagarle tributo.

David venció también a Hadad-ézer, hijo de Rehob, que era rey de Sobá, cuando éste iba a recuperar su dominio sobre la región del río Éufrates. De ellos, David hizo prisioneros a mil setecientos soldados de caballería y a veinte mil de infantería; y además les rompió las patas a todos los caballos de los carros de combate, con la excepción de los caballos necesarios para cien carros.

Llegaron luego los sirios de Damasco para prestar ayuda a Hadad-ézer, el rey de Sobá, pero David venció a los sirios, matando a veintidós mil de ellos. Luego puso David guarniciones en Siria de Damasco, y los sirios quedaron sometidos a él y sujetos al pago de tributo. Así pues, el Señor le daba la victoria a David por dondequiera que iba.

Después David se apoderó de los escudos de oro que usaban los oficiales de Hadad-ézer, y los llevó a Jerusalén. También se apoderó de una gran cantidad de bronce de Bétah y de Berotai, ciudades que pertenecían a Hadad-ézer.

Cuando Toi, rey de Hamat, se enteró de que David había derrotado a todo el ejército de Hadad-ézer, 10 envió a su hijo Joram con objetos de plata, de oro y de bronce, para que saludara y felicitara al rey David por haber luchado con Hadad-ézer y haberlo vencido, pues Toi también había estado en guerra con él. 11 David dedicó todos estos objetos al Señor, junto con el oro y la plata que le había consagrado, y que venía de todas las naciones que había sometido: 12 de Edom, de Moab, de Amón, de los filisteos y de los amalecitas, y de lo que le había quitado en la guerra a Hadad-ézer, hijo de Rehob, rey de Sobá.

13 David se hizo famoso. Y cuando regresaba de haber vencido a los edomitas, derrotó a dieciocho mil edomitas en el Valle de la Sal. 14 Luego puso guarniciones en todo Edom, y todos los edomitas quedaron sometidos a David, a quien el Señor daba la victoria por dondequiera que iba.

Oficiales de David(B)

15 David reinó sobre todo Israel, actuando con justicia y rectitud para con todo su pueblo. 16 El jefe del ejército era Joab, hijo de Seruiá; y Josafat, hijo de Ahilud, era el secretario del rey. 17 Sadoc, hijo de Ahitub, y Ahimélec, hijo de Abiatar, eran sacerdotes; Seraías era el cronista, 18 y Benaías, hijo de Joiadá, estaba al mando de la guardia de quereteos y peleteos. Los hijos de David eran sacerdotes.

David’s Wars

After this, David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. David took Metheg Ha’ammah[a] from the control of the Philistines.

He defeated Moab and measured the men with a length of rope after making them lie down on the ground. He measured two lengths to be put to death and one full length to live. The Moabites became subject to David and brought tribute.

David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his control[b] at the river Euphrates. David captured seventeen hundred charioteers and twenty thousand foot soldiers[c] from him. David hamstrung all the chariot horses, but he left enough horses for a hundred chariots. Arameans from Damascus came to help Hadadezer king of Zobah, but David killed twenty-two thousand men in Aram. Then David put garrisons in Damascus in the land of Aram,[d] and the Arameans became subject to David and brought tribute.

The Lord gave victory to David everywhere he went.

David took the gold shields that belonged to the officials of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. From Betah and Berothai,[e] cities of Hadadezer, King David took large amounts of bronze.

Toi[f] king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer. 10 So Toi sent his son Joram[g] to King David to petition him for peace and to bless him because he had fought against Hadadezer and defeated him, because Toi had been at war with Hadadezer. In his hand he brought items made of silver and items of gold and items of bronze.

11 King David dedicated these things to the Lord along with the silver and gold that he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued: 12 from Aram, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, from Amalek, and from the spoils of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

13 David made a name for himself when he returned from striking eighteen thousand Edomites[h] in the Valley of Salt. 14 He put garrisons in Edom, in all of it, and all the Edomites became subject to David.

The Lord gave victory to David wherever he went. 15 David was king over all Israel, and he treated all his people with justice and fairness.

David’s Officials

16 Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the record keeper.[i] 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelek son of Abiathar were priests. Seraiah was the secretary. 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was in charge of the Kerethites and the Pelethites. The sons of David were government ministers.[j]

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 8:1 This name, which may mean bridle of the mother city, seems to be a name for Gath. See 1 Chronicles 18:1.
  2. 2 Samuel 8:3 Literally his hand. The Hebrew word for hand can also mean monument.
  3. 2 Samuel 8:4 In 1 Chronicles 18:4 different statistics are reported.
  4. 2 Samuel 8:6 The land of Aram and the Aramean kingdoms occupied the territory of present-day Syria.
  5. 2 Samuel 8:8 The parallel in 1 Chronicles 18:8 has different names for these cities.
  6. 2 Samuel 8:9 Also called Tou in 1 Chronicles 18
  7. 2 Samuel 8:10 Also called Hadoram in 1 Chronicles 18:10
  8. 2 Samuel 8:13 The translation Edomites follows the reading of a few Hebrew manuscripts and some ancient versions. Most Hebrew manuscripts have the reading Arameans. In Hebrew script Edom and Aram look almost alike. The parallel text in 1 Chronicles 18:12 also identifies these enemies as Edomites.
  9. 2 Samuel 8:16 This official also served as a spokesman and chief of protocol. Like the secretary, he was the equivalent of a cabinet-level official.
  10. 2 Samuel 8:18 The Hebrew word cohen usually means priest, that is, a spiritual minister. David’s sons could not legitimately serve as priests since they were not Levites, so the term ministers here must be used in the European sense, to refer to ministers of state. In 1 Chronicles 18:17 these officials are called chief advisors at the side of the king.

And after this it came to pass that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Methegammah out of the hand of the Philistines.

And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And so the Moabites became David's servants, and brought gifts.

David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.

And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for an hundred chariots.

And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.

Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts. And the Lord preserved David whithersoever he went.

And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.

And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.

When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,

10 Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:

11 Which also king David did dedicate unto the Lord, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;

12 Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

13 And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men.

14 And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David's servants. And the Lord preserved David whithersoever he went.

15 And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.

16 And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

17 And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe;

18 And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief rulers.

David’s Victories(A)

In the course of time, David defeated the Philistines(B) and subdued(C) them, and he took Metheg Ammah from the control of the Philistines.

David also defeated the Moabites.(D) He made them lie down on the ground and measured them off with a length of cord. Every two lengths of them were put to death, and the third length was allowed to live. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute.(E)

Moreover, David defeated Hadadezer(F) son of Rehob, king of Zobah,(G) when he went to restore his monument at[a] the Euphrates(H) River. David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers[b] and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung(I) all but a hundred of the chariot horses.

When the Arameans of Damascus(J) came to help Hadadezer king of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of them. He put garrisons(K) in the Aramean kingdom of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject(L) to him and brought tribute. The Lord gave David victory wherever he went.(M)

David took the gold shields(N) that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. From Tebah[c] and Berothai,(O) towns that belonged to Hadadezer, King David took a great quantity of bronze.

When Tou[d] king of Hamath(P) heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer,(Q) 10 he sent his son Joram[e] to King David to greet him and congratulate him on his victory in battle over Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Joram brought with him articles of silver, of gold and of bronze.

11 King David dedicated(R) these articles to the Lord, as he had done with the silver and gold from all the nations he had subdued: 12 Edom[f](S) and Moab,(T) the Ammonites(U) and the Philistines,(V) and Amalek.(W) He also dedicated the plunder taken from Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

13 And David became famous(X) after he returned from striking down eighteen thousand Edomites[g] in the Valley of Salt.(Y)

14 He put garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites(Z) became subject to David.(AA) The Lord gave David victory(AB) wherever he went.(AC)

David’s Officials(AD)

15 David reigned over all Israel, doing what was just and right(AE) for all his people. 16 Joab(AF) son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat(AG) son of Ahilud was recorder;(AH) 17 Zadok(AI) son of Ahitub and Ahimelek son of Abiathar(AJ) were priests; Seraiah was secretary;(AK) 18 Benaiah(AL) son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites(AM) and Pelethites; and David’s sons were priests.[h]

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 8:3 Or his control along
  2. 2 Samuel 8:4 Septuagint (see also Dead Sea Scrolls and 1 Chron. 18:4); Masoretic Text captured seventeen hundred of his charioteers
  3. 2 Samuel 8:8 See some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 18:8); Hebrew Betah.
  4. 2 Samuel 8:9 Hebrew Toi, a variant of Tou; also in verse 10
  5. 2 Samuel 8:10 A variant of Hadoram
  6. 2 Samuel 8:12 Some Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint and Syriac (see also 1 Chron. 18:11); most Hebrew manuscripts Aram
  7. 2 Samuel 8:13 A few Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint and Syriac (see also 1 Chron. 18:12); most Hebrew manuscripts Aram (that is, Arameans)
  8. 2 Samuel 8:18 Or were chief officials (see Septuagint and Targum; see also 1 Chron. 18:17)