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Hubo larga guerra entre la casa de Saúl y la casa de David; pero David se iba fortaleciendo, y la casa de Saúl se iba debilitando.

Hijos de David nacidos en Hebrón

(1 Cr. 3.1-4)

Y nacieron hijos a David en Hebrón; su primogénito fue Amnón, de Ahinoam jezreelita; su segundo Quileab, de Abigail la mujer de Nabal el de Carmel; el tercero, Absalón hijo de Maaca, hija de Talmai rey de Gesur; el cuarto, Adonías hijo de Haguit; el quinto, Sefatías hijo de Abital; el sexto, Itream, de Egla mujer de David. Estos le nacieron a David en Hebrón.

Abner pacta con David en Hebrón

Como había guerra entre la casa de Saúl y la de David, aconteció que Abner se esforzaba por la casa de Saúl. Y había tenido Saúl una concubina que se llamaba Rizpa, hija de Aja; y dijo Is-boset a Abner: ¿Por qué te has llegado a la concubina de mi padre? Y se enojó Abner en gran manera por las palabras de Is-boset, y dijo: ¿Soy yo cabeza de perro que pertenezca a Judá? Yo he hecho hoy misericordia con la casa de Saúl tu padre, con sus hermanos y con sus amigos, y no te he entregado en mano de David; ¿y tú me haces hoy cargo del pecado de esta mujer? Así haga Dios a Abner y aun le añada, si como ha jurado Jehová a David, no haga yo así con él, 10 trasladando el reino de la casa de Saúl,(A) y confirmando el trono de David sobre Israel y sobre Judá, desde Dan hasta Beerseba. 11 Y él no pudo responder palabra a Abner, porque le temía.

12 Entonces envió Abner mensajeros a David de su parte, diciendo: ¿De quién es la tierra? Y que le dijesen: Haz pacto conmigo, y he aquí que mi mano estará contigo para volver a ti todo Israel. 13 Y David dijo: Bien; haré pacto contigo, mas una cosa te pido: No me vengas a ver sin que primero traigas a Mical la hija de Saúl, cuando vengas a verme. 14 Después de esto envió David mensajeros a Is-boset hijo de Saúl, diciendo: Restitúyeme mi mujer Mical, la cual desposé conmigo por cien prepucios de filisteos.(B) 15 Entonces Is-boset envió y se la quitó a su marido Paltiel hijo de Lais. 16 Y su marido fue con ella, siguiéndola y llorando hasta Bahurim. Y le dijo Abner: Anda, vuélvete. Entonces él se volvió.

17 Y habló Abner con los ancianos de Israel, diciendo: Hace ya tiempo procurabais que David fuese rey sobre vosotros. 18 Ahora, pues, hacedlo; porque Jehová ha hablado a David, diciendo: Por la mano de mi siervo David libraré a mi pueblo Israel de mano de los filisteos, y de mano de todos sus enemigos. 19 Habló también Abner a los de Benjamín; y fue también Abner a Hebrón a decir a David todo lo que parecía bien a los de Israel y a toda la casa de Benjamín.

20 Vino, pues, Abner a David en Hebrón, y con él veinte hombres; y David hizo banquete a Abner y a los que con él habían venido. 21 Y dijo Abner a David: Yo me levantaré e iré, y juntaré a mi señor el rey a todo Israel, para que hagan contigo pacto, y tú reines como lo desea tu corazón. David despidió luego a Abner, y él se fue en paz.

Joab mata a Abner

22 Y he aquí que los siervos de David y Joab venían del campo, y traían consigo gran botín. Mas Abner no estaba con David en Hebrón, pues ya lo había despedido, y él se había ido en paz. 23 Y luego que llegó Joab y todo el ejército que con él estaba, fue dado aviso a Joab, diciendo: Abner hijo de Ner ha venido al rey, y él le ha despedido, y se fue en paz. 24 Entonces Joab vino al rey, y le dijo: ¿Qué has hecho? He aquí Abner vino a ti; ¿por qué, pues, le dejaste que se fuese? 25 Tú conoces a Abner hijo de Ner. No ha venido sino para engañarte, y para enterarse de tu salida y de tu entrada, y para saber todo lo que tú haces.

26 Y saliendo Joab de la presencia de David, envió mensajeros tras Abner, los cuales le hicieron volver desde el pozo de Sira, sin que David lo supiera. 27 Y cuando Abner volvió a Hebrón, Joab lo llevó aparte en medio de la puerta para hablar con él en secreto; y allí, en venganza de la muerte de Asael su hermano, le hirió por la quinta costilla, y murió. 28 Cuando David supo después esto, dijo: Inocente soy yo y mi reino, delante de Jehová, para siempre, de la sangre de Abner hijo de Ner. 29 Caiga sobre la cabeza de Joab, y sobre toda la casa de su padre; que nunca falte de la casa de Joab quien padezca flujo, ni leproso, ni quien ande con báculo, ni quien muera a espada, ni quien tenga falta de pan. 30 Joab, pues, y Abisai su hermano, mataron a Abner, porque él había dado muerte a Asael hermano de ellos en la batalla de Gabaón.

31 Entonces dijo David a Joab, y a todo el pueblo que con él estaba: Rasgad vuestros vestidos, y ceñíos de cilicio, y haced duelo delante de Abner. Y el rey David iba detrás del féretro. 32 Y sepultaron a Abner en Hebrón; y alzando el rey su voz, lloró junto al sepulcro de Abner; y lloró también todo el pueblo. 33 Y endechando el rey al mismo Abner, decía:

¿Había de morir Abner como muere un villano?

34 Tus manos no estaban atadas, ni tus pies ligados con grillos;

Caíste como los que caen delante de malos hombres.

Y todo el pueblo volvió a llorar sobre él. 35 Entonces todo el pueblo vino para persuadir a David que comiera, antes que acabara el día. Mas David juró diciendo: Así me haga Dios y aun me añada, si antes que se ponga el sol gustare yo pan, o cualquiera otra cosa. 36 Todo el pueblo supo esto, y le agradó; pues todo lo que el rey hacía agradaba a todo el pueblo. 37 Y todo el pueblo y todo Israel entendió aquel día, que no había procedido del rey el matar a Abner hijo de Ner. 38 También dijo el rey a sus siervos: ¿No sabéis que un príncipe y grande ha caído hoy en Israel? 39 Y yo soy débil hoy, aunque ungido rey; y estos hombres, los hijos de Sarvia, son muy duros para mí; Jehová dé el pago al que mal hace, conforme a su maldad.

The House of David Strengthened

There was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David; but David grew steadily stronger, while the house of Saul grew weaker and weaker [to the point of being powerless].

Sons were born to David in Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam of Jezreel; his second, Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel; the third, Absalom the son of [his wife] Maacah, daughter of Talmai the king of Geshur; the fourth, Adonijah the son of [his wife] Haggith; the fifth, Shephatiah the son of [his wife] Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These [sons] were born to David in Hebron.

Abner Joins David

Now while war continued between the houses of Saul and David, Abner was proving himself strong in the house of Saul. Now Saul had a [a]concubine whose name was Rizpah the daughter of Aiah; and Ish-bosheth said to Abner, [b]“Why have you gone in to my father’s concubine?” Then Abner was very angry at the words of Ish-bosheth, and he said, “Am I a dog’s head [a despicable traitor] that belongs to Judah? [c]Today I show loyalty and kindness to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers and his friends, by not having you handed over to David; and yet you charge me today with guilt concerning this woman. May God do so to Abner, and more also, if I do not do for David just as the Lord has sworn to him, 10 to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul, and establish the throne of David over Israel and Judah from Dan [in the north] to Beersheba [in the south].” 11 And Ish-bosheth could not say another word to Abner, because he was afraid of him.

12 Then Abner sent messengers to David [who was] in his place [at Hebron], saying, “Whose is the land? Make your covenant (treaty) with me, and behold, my hand shall be with you to bring all Israel over to you.” 13 David said, “Good! I will make a covenant (treaty) with you, but I require one thing of you: you shall not see my face unless you first bring Michal, Saul’s daughter, when you come to see [d]me.” 14 So David sent messengers to Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, saying, “[e]Give me my wife Michal, to whom I was [f]betrothed for [the price of] a hundred foreskins of the Philistines.” 15 So Ish-bosheth sent and took her from her husband, from Paltiel the son of Laish [to whom Saul had given her]. 16 But her husband went with her, weeping continually behind her as far as Bahurim. Then Abner told him, “Go, return.” And he did so.

17 Abner talked with the elders (tribal leaders) of Israel, saying, “In times past you were seeking for David to be king over you. 18 Now then, do it [and make him king]! For the Lord has spoken of David, saying, ‘By the hand of My servant David I will save My people Israel from the hand of the Philistines and the hand of all their enemies.’”(A) 19 Abner also spoke [g]to [the men of] Benjamin. Then he also went to [h]tell David at Hebron everything that seemed good [i]to Israel and to the entire house of Benjamin.

20 So Abner came to David at Hebron, and [brought] twenty men along with him. And David prepared a feast for Abner and the men with him. 21 Abner said to David, “Let me stand up and go, and gather all Israel to my lord the king, so that they may make a covenant (treaty) with you, and that you may reign over all that your soul desires.” So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace.

22 Then the servants of David came with Joab from a raid and brought a great quantity of spoil with them; but Abner was not with David at Hebron, because David had sent him away, and he had gone in peace. 23 When Joab and all the army that was with him arrived, they told Joab, “Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he has sent him away, and he has gone in peace.” 24 Then Joab came to the king and said, “What have you done? Behold, Abner came to you; why did you send him away, so that he is already gone? 25 You know Abner the son of Ner, that he [only] came to deceive you [with flattering words] and to learn of your going out and coming in, and to find out what you are doing.”

Joab Murders Abner

26 When Joab left David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from the well of Sirah; but David knew nothing [about Joab’s action]. 27 So when Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside to the middle of the gate to speak to him privately, and there he struck Abner in the abdomen so that he died, [j]to avenge the blood of Asahel, Joab’s brother. 28 Afterward, when David heard of it, he said, “I and my kingdom are forever innocent before the Lord of the blood of Abner the son of Ner. 29 Let [k]the guilt fall on the head of Joab and on all his father’s house (family); and may there never disappear from the house of Joab one who suffers with a discharge or one who is a leper or one who walks with a crutch [being unfit for war], or one who falls by the sword, or one who lacks food.” 30 So Joab and Abishai his brother murdered Abner because he had killed their brother Asahel in the battle at Gibeon.

David Mourns Abner

31 Then David said to Joab and to all the people with him, “Tear your clothes, put on sackcloth, and mourn before Abner.” And King David walked behind the bier. 32 They buried Abner in Hebron; and the king raised his voice and wept at the grave of Abner, and all the people wept. 33 And the king sang a dirge (funeral song) over Abner and said,

“Should Abner [the great warrior] die as a fool dies?
34 
“Your hands were not bound, nor your feet put in fetters;
As a man falls before the wicked, so you have fallen.”

And all the people wept again over him. 35 All the people came to urge David to eat food while it was still day; but David took an oath, saying, “May God do so to me, and more also, if I taste bread or anything else before the sun sets.” 36 And all the people took notice of it and it [l]pleased them, just as everything that the king did pleased all the people. 37 So all the people and all Israel understood that day that it had not been the will of the king to put Abner the son of Ner to death. 38 Then the king said to his servants, “Do you not know that a prince and a great man has fallen this day in Israel? 39 Today I am weak, though anointed king; these men, the sons of Zeruiah, are too difficult for me. May the Lord repay the evildoer [Joab] in accordance with his wickedness!”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 3:7 See note Gen 22:24.
  2. 2 Samuel 3:7 Being intimate with the former king’s concubine was a way for Abner to assert a claim on the throne.
  3. 2 Samuel 3:8 Abner reminds Ish-bosheth that he put Ish-bosheth on the throne of Israel.
  4. 2 Samuel 3:13 Lit see my face.
  5. 2 Samuel 3:14 Saul promised Michal to David as his wife. See 1 Sam 18:25-27.
  6. 2 Samuel 3:14 I.e. a legal and binding promise of marriage.
  7. 2 Samuel 3:19 Lit in the ears of Benjamin.
  8. 2 Samuel 3:19 Lit speak in the ears of David.
  9. 2 Samuel 3:19 Lit in the eyes of Israel.
  10. 2 Samuel 3:27 This was an act of murder, not justifiable revenge, because Abner had killed Asahel in self-defense during a battle.
  11. 2 Samuel 3:29 Lit it.
  12. 2 Samuel 3:36 Lit was good in their eyes.

Now there was long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: but David waxed stronger and stronger, and the house of Saul waxed weaker and weaker.

And unto David were sons born in Hebron: and his firstborn was Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess;

And his second, Chileab, of Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur;

And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;

And the sixth, Ithream, by Eglah David's wife. These were born to David in Hebron.

And it came to pass, while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, that Abner made himself strong for the house of Saul.

And Saul had a concubine, whose name was Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah: and Ishbosheth said to Abner, Wherefore hast thou gone in unto my father's concubine?

Then was Abner very wroth for the words of Ishbosheth, and said, Am I a dog's head, which against Judah do shew kindness this day unto the house of Saul thy father, to his brethren, and to his friends, and have not delivered thee into the hand of David, that thou chargest me to day with a fault concerning this woman?

So do God to Abner, and more also, except, as the Lord hath sworn to David, even so I do to him;

10 To translate the kingdom from the house of Saul, and to set up the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, from Dan even to Beersheba.

11 And he could not answer Abner a word again, because he feared him.

12 And Abner sent messengers to David on his behalf, saying, Whose is the land? saying also, Make thy league with me, and, behold, my hand shall be with thee, to bring about all Israel unto thee.

13 And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee: but one thing I require of thee, that is, Thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

14 And David sent messengers to Ishbosheth Saul's son, saying, Deliver me my wife Michal, which I espoused to me for an hundred foreskins of the Philistines.

15 And Ishbosheth sent, and took her from her husband, even from Phaltiel the son of Laish.

16 And her husband went with her along weeping behind her to Bahurim. Then said Abner unto him, Go, return. And he returned.

17 And Abner had communication with the elders of Israel, saying, Ye sought for David in times past to be king over you:

18 Now then do it: for the Lord hath spoken of David, saying, By the hand of my servant David I will save my people Israel out of the hand of the Philistines, and out of the hand of all their enemies.

19 And Abner also spake in the ears of Benjamin: and Abner went also to speak in the ears of David in Hebron all that seemed good to Israel, and that seemed good to the whole house of Benjamin.

20 So Abner came to David to Hebron, and twenty men with him. And David made Abner and the men that were with him a feast.

21 And Abner said unto David, I will arise and go, and will gather all Israel unto my lord the king, that they may make a league with thee, and that thou mayest reign over all that thine heart desireth. And David sent Abner away; and he went in peace.

22 And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from pursuing a troop, and brought in a great spoil with them: but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.

23 When Joab and all the host that was with him were come, they told Joab, saying, Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he hath sent him away, and he is gone in peace.

24 Then Joab came to the king, and said, What hast thou done? behold, Abner came unto thee; why is it that thou hast sent him away, and he is quite gone?

25 Thou knowest Abner the son of Ner, that he came to deceive thee, and to know thy going out and thy coming in, and to know all that thou doest.

26 And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, which brought him again from the well of Sirah: but David knew it not.

27 And when Abner was returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside in the gate to speak with him quietly, and smote him there under the fifth rib, that he died, for the blood of Asahel his brother.

28 And afterward when David heard it, he said, I and my kingdom are guiltless before the Lord for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner:

29 Let it rest on the head of Joab, and on all his father's house; and let there not fail from the house of Joab one that hath an issue, or that is a leper, or that leaneth on a staff, or that falleth on the sword, or that lacketh bread.

30 So Joab, and Abishai his brother slew Abner, because he had slain their brother Asahel at Gibeon in the battle.

31 And David said to Joab, and to all the people that were with him, Rend your clothes, and gird you with sackcloth, and mourn before Abner. And king David himself followed the bier.

32 And they buried Abner in Hebron: and the king lifted up his voice, and wept at the grave of Abner; and all the people wept.

33 And the king lamented over Abner, and said, Died Abner as a fool dieth?

34 Thy hands were not bound, nor thy feet put into fetters: as a man falleth before wicked men, so fellest thou. And all the people wept again over him.

35 And when all the people came to cause David to eat meat while it was yet day, David sware, saying, So do God to me, and more also, if I taste bread, or ought else, till the sun be down.

36 And all the people took notice of it, and it pleased them: as whatsoever the king did pleased all the people.

37 For all the people and all Israel understood that day that it was not of the king to slay Abner the son of Ner.

38 And the king said unto his servants, Know ye not that there is a prince and a great man fallen this day in Israel?

39 And I am this day weak, though anointed king; and these men the sons of Zeruiah be too hard for me: the Lord shall reward the doer of evil according to his wickedness.

Joab Kills Abner

Now there was a long (A)war between the house of Saul and the house of David. But David grew stronger and stronger, and the house of Saul grew weaker and weaker.

Sons of David

Sons were born (B)to David in Hebron: His firstborn was Amnon (C)by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; his second, [a]Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite; the third, (D)Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king (E)of Geshur; the fourth, (F)Adonijah the son of Haggith; the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These were born to David in Hebron.

Abner Joins Forces with David

Now it was so, while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, that Abner was strengthening his hold on the house of Saul.

And Saul had a concubine, whose name was (G)Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah. So Ishbosheth said to Abner, “Why have you (H)gone in to my father’s concubine?”

Then Abner became very angry at the words of Ishbosheth, and said, “Am I (I)a dog’s head that belongs to Judah? Today I show loyalty to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers, and to his friends, and have not delivered you into the hand of David; and you charge me today with a fault concerning this woman? (J)May God do so to Abner, and more also, if I do not do for David (K)as the Lord has sworn to him— 10 to transfer the kingdom from the [b]house of Saul, and set up the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, (L)from Dan to Beersheba.” 11 And he could not answer Abner another word, because he feared him.

12 Then Abner sent messengers on his behalf to David, saying, “Whose is the land?” saying also, “Make your covenant with me, and indeed my hand shall be with you to bring all Israel to you.”

13 And David said, “Good, I will make a covenant with you. But one thing I require of you: (M)you shall not see my face unless you first bring (N)Michal, Saul’s daughter, when you come to see my face.” 14 So David sent messengers to (O)Ishbosheth, Saul’s son, saying, “Give me my wife Michal, whom I betrothed to myself (P)for a hundred foreskins of the Philistines.” 15 And Ishbosheth sent and took her from her husband, from [c]Paltiel the son of Laish. 16 Then her husband went along with her to (Q)Bahurim, [d]weeping behind her. So Abner said to him, “Go, return!” And he returned.

17 Now Abner had communicated with the elders of Israel, saying, “In time past you were seeking for David to be king over you. 18 Now then, do it! (R)For the Lord has spoken of David, saying, ‘By the hand of My servant David, [e]I will save My people Israel from the hand of the Philistines and the hand of all their enemies.’ ” 19 And Abner also spoke in the hearing of (S)Benjamin. Then Abner also went to speak in the hearing of David in Hebron all that seemed good to Israel and the whole house of Benjamin.

20 So Abner and twenty men with him came to David at Hebron. And David made a feast for Abner and the men who were with him. 21 Then Abner said to David, “I will arise and go, and (T)gather all Israel to my lord the king, that they may make a covenant with you, and that you may (U)reign over all that your heart desires.” So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace.

Joab Murders Abner

22 At that moment the servants of David and Joab came from a raid and brought much [f]spoil with them. But Abner was not with David in Hebron, for he had sent him away, and he had gone in peace. 23 When Joab and all the troops that were with him had come, they told Joab, saying, “Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he sent him away, and he has gone in peace.” 24 Then Joab came to the king and said, “What have you done? Look, Abner came to you; why is it that you sent him away, and he has already gone? 25 Surely you realize that Abner the son of Ner came to deceive you, to know (V)your going out and your coming in, and to know all that you are doing.”

26 And when Joab had gone from David’s presence, he sent messengers after Abner, who brought him back from the well of Sirah. But David did not know it. 27 Now when Abner had returned to Hebron, Joab (W)took him aside in the gate to speak with him privately, and there [g]stabbed him (X)in the stomach, so that he died for the blood of (Y)Asahel his brother.

28 Afterward, when David heard it, he said, “My kingdom and I are [h]guiltless before the Lord forever of the blood of Abner the son of Ner. 29 (Z)Let it rest on the head of Joab and on all his father’s house; and let there never fail to be in the [i]house of Joab one (AA)who has a discharge or is a leper, who leans on a staff or falls by the sword, or who lacks bread.” 30 So Joab and Abishai his brother killed Abner, because he had killed their brother (AB)Asahel at Gibeon in the battle.

David’s Mourning for Abner

31 Then David said to Joab and to all the people who were with him, (AC)“Tear your clothes, (AD)gird yourselves with sackcloth, and mourn for Abner.” And King David followed the coffin. 32 So they buried Abner in Hebron; and the king lifted up his voice and wept at the grave of Abner, and all the people wept. 33 And the king sang a lament over Abner and said:

“Should Abner die as a (AE)fool dies?
34 Your hands were not bound
Nor your feet put into fetters;
As a man falls before wicked men, so you fell.”

Then all the people wept over him again.

35 And when all the people came (AF)to persuade David to eat food while it was still day, David took an oath, saying, (AG)“God do so to me, and more also, if I taste bread or anything else (AH)till the sun goes down!” 36 Now all the people took note of it, and it pleased them, since whatever the king did pleased all the people. 37 For all the people and all Israel understood that day that it had not been the king’s intent to kill Abner the son of Ner. 38 Then the king said to his servants, “Do you not know that a prince and a great man has fallen this day in Israel? 39 And I am weak today, though anointed king; and these men, the sons of Zeruiah, (AI)are too harsh for me. (AJ)The Lord shall repay the evildoer according to his wickedness.”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 3:3 Daniel, 1 Chr. 3:1
  2. 2 Samuel 3:10 family
  3. 2 Samuel 3:15 Palti, 1 Sam. 25:44
  4. 2 Samuel 3:16 Lit. going and weeping
  5. 2 Samuel 3:18 So with many Heb. mss., LXX, Syr., Tg.; MT he
  6. 2 Samuel 3:22 booty
  7. 2 Samuel 3:27 Lit. struck
  8. 2 Samuel 3:28 innocent
  9. 2 Samuel 3:29 family