2 Samuel 24
La Bible du Semeur
Le recensement coupable et la peste(A)
24 L’Eternel se mit de nouveau en colère contre les Israélites et il incita David à agir contre leurs intérêts en lui suggérant l’idée de faire le recensement d’Israël et de Juda.
2 Alors le roi ordonna à Joab, chef de son armée[a] qui se trouvait près de lui : Parcours, je te prie, toutes les tribus d’Israël, depuis Dan jusqu’à Beer-Sheva ; que l’on recense le peuple, pour que je sache quel en est le nombre !
3 Joab dit au roi : Que l’Eternel, ton Dieu, rende le peuple cent fois plus nombreux et que mon seigneur le roi puisse encore le voir de ses yeux ! Mais pourquoi mon seigneur le roi désire-t-il faire pareille chose ?
4 Mais le roi maintint l’ordre donné à Joab et aux chefs de l’armée. Ils se mirent donc en route pour faire le recensement d’Israël. 5 Ils franchirent d’abord le Jourdain et s’arrêtèrent près de Aroër[b], au sud de la ville qui se trouve au fond de la vallée de Gad et près de Yaezer. 6 De là, ils passèrent dans le territoire de Galaad et dans la région de Tahtim-Hodshi. Ils continuèrent jusqu’à Dan-Yaân et aux environs, vers Sidon, 7 et arrivèrent à la forteresse de Tyr, puis ils allèrent dans toutes les villes des Héviens et des Cananéens[c]. Ils parvinrent enfin au Néguev de Juda, à Beer-Sheva. 8 Ils parcoururent ainsi tout le pays et, au bout de neuf mois et vingt jours, ils regagnèrent Jérusalem. 9 Joab communiqua au roi le résultat du recensement du peuple : Israël comptait 800 000 hommes aptes à porter les armes et Juda 500 000.
10 Soudain, David sentit son cœur battre parce qu’il avait ainsi recensé le peuple, et il dit à l’Eternel : J’ai commis une grave faute en faisant cela ! Maintenant, Eternel, daigne pardonner la faute de ton serviteur car je reconnais que j’ai agi tout à fait comme un insensé !
11 Quand David se leva le lendemain matin, l’Eternel s’adressa au prophète Gad, attaché à la cour de David, en ces termes : 12 Va dire à David : « Voici ce que déclare l’Eternel : Je t’impose l’un des trois châtiments suivants ; choisis l’un d’eux et je te l’infligerai. »
13 Gad se rendit donc chez David et lui communiqua le message ; il lui dit : Que veux-tu que je fasse venir contre toi : sept années de famine dans ton pays, trois mois de déroute devant tes ennemis qui s’acharneront contre toi, ou trois jours de peste dans ton pays ? Réfléchis donc et décide, puis dis-moi ce que je dois répondre à celui qui m’envoie.
14 David répondit à Gad : Je suis dans un grand désarroi ! Ah ! tombons plutôt entre les mains de l’Eternel, car ses compassions sont grandes ; mais que je ne tombe pas entre les mains des hommes !
15 L’Eternel fit donc sévir une épidémie de peste en Israël, depuis ce matin-là jusqu’au terme fixé. Elle sévit de Dan à Beer-Sheva, et fit périr soixante-dix mille personnes. 16 L’ange allait étendre sa main sur Jérusalem pour la dévaster, mais l’Eternel ne voulut pas ce malheur et y renonça. Il ordonna à l’ange qui était en train de décimer le peuple : Cela suffit maintenant ! Retire ta main !
L’ange de l’Eternel se tenait alors près de l’aire d’Orna, le Yebousien, entre ciel et terre, son épée dégainée à la main[d].
17 En voyant l’ange qui frappait le peuple, David pria en disant : Voici : c’est moi seul qui ai péché, c’est moi, le berger[e], qui ai commis une faute, mais ce pauvre troupeau, qu’a-t-il fait de mal ? Frappe-moi donc plutôt, ainsi que ma famille.
(1 Ch 21.18-26)
18 Ce même jour, Gad se rendit auprès de David et lui ordonna : Monte à l’aire[f] d’Orna[g] le Yebousien et dresses-y un autel à l’Eternel.
19 David s’y rendit comme l’Eternel le lui avait ordonné par l’intermédiaire de Gad. 20 Orna, qui était en train de battre du blé, regarda d’en haut et vit le roi et ses ministres venir vers lui, revêtus de vêtements d’étoffe grossière[h]. Il sortit et se prosterna devant le roi, le visage contre terre[i], 21 et il demanda : Pourquoi mon seigneur le roi vient-il vers son serviteur ?
David lui dit : Je viens t’acheter cette aire pour y bâtir un autel à l’Eternel afin que cesse le fléau qui sévit contre le peuple.
22 Orna répondit à David : Que mon Seigneur le roi prenne l’aire et qu’il offre ce qu’il jugera bon. Regarde : voici les bœufs pour l’holocauste, les herses et l’attelage des bœufs fourniront le bois[j]. 23 O roi, je te donne tout cela ! Puis il ajouta : Que l’Eternel ton Dieu accepte favorablement ton offrande !
24 Mais le roi lui déclara : Non ! Je veux te l’acheter à son prix ; je n’offrirai pas à l’Eternel, mon Dieu, des holocaustes qui ne me coûteraient rien !
Et David acheta l’aire et les bœufs pour cinquante pièces d’argent[k].
25 Il bâtit là un autel à l’Eternel et y offrit des holocaustes et des sacrifices de communion. Ainsi l’Eternel se laissa fléchir en faveur du pays, et la plaie fut détournée d’Israël.
Footnotes
- 24.2 L’ancienne version grecque et 1 Ch 21.2 (voir v. 4) ont : et les chefs de l’armée. Il s’agit d’un recensement militaire (voir v. 9) qui ne comprend donc pas la tribu de Lévi (ni celle de Benjamin, voir 1 Ch 21.6 ; 27.23) ni les hommes de moins de 20 ans.
- 24.5 Sur l’Arnon, la frontière sud de la tribu de Ruben, à l’est de la mer Morte, non loin de Rabba, la capitale des Moabites (Jos 13.25). Les envoyés commencent leur travail à l’est du pays, ils passeront au nord, puis à l’ouest et au sud.
- 24.7 Deux peuples habitant Canaan avant la conquête du pays par les Israélites (Jos 3.10).
- 24.16 Cette fin du v. 16 manque dans le texte hébreu traditionnel. Elle est restituée d’après le manuscrit hébreu de Qumrân et 1 Ch 21.15.
- 24.17 c’est moi, le berger: d’après le texte hébreu de Qumrân (voir 1 Ch 21.17).
- 24.18 Les aires se trouvaient généralement au sommet des collines où le vent emportait la bale du blé que l’on vannait. Cette aire se trouvait au sommet du mont Morija.
- 24.18 Orna: d’après le texte hébreu de Qumrân et l’ancienne version grecque ; le texte hébreu traditionnel a : Aravna.
- 24.20 Les mots : Orna, qui était en train de battre du blé et revêtus de vêtements d’étoffe grossière manquent dans le texte hébreu traditionnel. Ils sont rajoutés ici d’après le texte hébreu de Qumrân et 1 Ch 21.20.
- 24.20 D’après le texte hébreu de Qumrân (voir 1 Ch 21.20).
- 24.22 Il s’agit des bœufs occupés à ce moment-là à fouler le blé sur l’aire avec une herse de bois (voir Am 1.3).
- 24.24 David acquit donc toute la surface couronnant le sommet du mont Morija où s’élèvera plus tard le Temple, immédiatement au nord de la Cité de David (voir 1 Ch 22.1 ; 2 Ch 3.1).
2 Samuel 24
English Standard Version
David's Census
24 (A)(B)Again the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he incited David against them, saying, (C)“Go, number Israel and Judah.” 2 So the king said to Joab, the commander of the army,[a] who was with him, “Go through all the tribes of Israel, (D)from Dan to Beersheba, and number the people, that I may know the number of the people.” 3 But Joab said to the king, (E)“May the Lord your God add to the people a hundred times as many as they are, while the eyes of my lord the king still see it, but why does my lord the king delight in this thing?” 4 But the king's word prevailed against Joab and the commanders of the army. So Joab and the commanders of the army went out from the presence of the king to number the people of Israel. 5 They crossed the Jordan and began from (F)Aroer,[b] and from the city that is in the middle of the (G)valley, toward Gad and on to (H)Jazer. 6 Then they came to Gilead, and to Kadesh in the land of the Hittites;[c] and they came to Dan, and from Dan[d] they went around to (I)Sidon, 7 and came to the fortress of Tyre and to all the cities of the (J)Hivites and (K)Canaanites; and they went out to the Negeb of Judah at Beersheba. 8 So when they had gone through all the land, they came to Jerusalem at the end of nine months and twenty days. 9 And Joab gave the sum of the numbering of the people to the king: in Israel there were 800,000 valiant men (L)who drew the sword, and the men of Judah were 500,000.
The Lord's Judgment of David's Sin
10 But (M)David's heart struck him after he had numbered the people. And David said to the Lord, (N)“I have sinned greatly in what I have done. But now, O Lord, please take away the iniquity of your servant, for I have done (O)very foolishly.” 11 And when David arose in the morning, the word of the Lord came to (P)the prophet Gad, David's (Q)seer, saying, 12 “Go and say to David, ‘Thus says the Lord, Three things I offer[e] you. Choose one of them, that I may do it to you.’” 13 So Gad came to David and told him, and said to him, “Shall (R)three[f] years of famine come to you in your land? Or will you flee three months before your foes while they pursue you? Or shall there be three days' pestilence in your land? Now consider, and decide what answer I shall return to him who sent me.” 14 Then David said to Gad, “I am in great distress. Let us fall into the hand of the Lord, (S)for his mercy is great; but let me not fall into the hand of man.”
15 (T)So the Lord sent a pestilence on Israel from the morning until the appointed time. And there died of the people from (U)Dan to Beersheba 70,000 men. 16 And when (V)the angel stretched out his hand toward Jerusalem (W)to destroy it, (X)the Lord relented from the calamity and said to the angel (Y)who was working destruction among the people, “It is enough; now stay your hand.” And (Z)the angel of the Lord was by the threshing floor of (AA)Araunah the Jebusite. 17 Then David spoke to the Lord when he saw the angel who was striking the people, and said, “Behold, I have sinned, and I have done wickedly. But these sheep, what have they done? Please let your hand be against me and against my father's house.”
David Builds an Altar
18 And Gad came that day to David and said to him, “Go up, raise an altar to the Lord on the threshing floor of (AB)Araunah the Jebusite.” 19 So David went up at Gad's word, as the Lord commanded. 20 And when Araunah looked down, he saw the king and his servants coming on toward him. And Araunah went out and paid homage to the king with his face to the ground. 21 And Araunah said, “Why has my lord the king come to his servant?” David said, “To buy the threshing floor from you, in order to build an altar to the Lord, that the plague (AC)may be averted from the people.” 22 Then Araunah said to David, “Let my lord the king take and offer up what seems good to him. Here are the oxen for the burnt offering and the (AD)threshing sledges and the yokes of the oxen for the wood. 23 All this, O king, Araunah gives to the king.” And Araunah said to the king, “May the Lord your God (AE)accept you.” 24 But the king said to Araunah, “No, but I will buy it from you for a price. I will not offer burnt offerings to the Lord my God that cost me nothing.” So David bought the threshing floor and the oxen for fifty shekels[g] of silver. 25 And David built there an altar to the Lord and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings. (AF)So the Lord responded to the plea for the land, and the plague was averted from Israel.
Footnotes
- 2 Samuel 24:2 Septuagint to Joab and the commanders of the army
- 2 Samuel 24:5 Septuagint; Hebrew encamped in Aroer
- 2 Samuel 24:6 Septuagint; Hebrew to the land of Tahtim-hodshi
- 2 Samuel 24:6 Septuagint; Hebrew they came to Dan-jaan and
- 2 Samuel 24:12 Or hold over
- 2 Samuel 24:13 Compare 1 Chronicles 21:12, Septuagint; Hebrew seven
- 2 Samuel 24:24 A shekel was about 2/5 ounce or 11 grams
2 Samuel 24
New International Version
David Enrolls the Fighting Men(A)
24 Again(B) the anger of the Lord burned against Israel,(C) and he incited David against them, saying, “Go and take a census of(D) Israel and Judah.”
2 So the king said to Joab(E) and the army commanders[a] with him, “Go throughout the tribes of Israel from Dan to Beersheba(F) and enroll(G) the fighting men, so that I may know how many there are.”
3 But Joab(H) replied to the king, “May the Lord your God multiply the troops a hundred times over,(I) and may the eyes of my lord the king see it. But why does my lord the king want to do such a thing?”
4 The king’s word, however, overruled Joab and the army commanders; so they left the presence of the king to enroll the fighting men of Israel.
5 After crossing the Jordan, they camped near Aroer,(J) south of the town in the gorge, and then went through Gad and on to Jazer.(K) 6 They went to Gilead and the region of Tahtim Hodshi, and on to Dan Jaan and around toward Sidon.(L) 7 Then they went toward the fortress of Tyre(M) and all the towns of the Hivites(N) and Canaanites. Finally, they went on to Beersheba(O) in the Negev(P) of Judah.
8 After they had gone through the entire land, they came back to Jerusalem at the end of nine months and twenty days.
9 Joab reported the number of the fighting men to the king: In Israel there were eight hundred thousand able-bodied men who could handle a sword, and in Judah five hundred thousand.(Q)
10 David was conscience-stricken(R) after he had counted the fighting men, and he said to the Lord, “I have sinned(S) greatly in what I have done. Now, Lord, I beg you, take away the guilt of your servant. I have done a very foolish thing.(T)”
11 Before David got up the next morning, the word of the Lord had come to Gad(U) the prophet, David’s seer:(V) 12 “Go and tell David, ‘This is what the Lord says: I am giving you three options. Choose one of them for me to carry out against you.’”
13 So Gad went to David and said to him, “Shall there come on you three[b] years of famine(W) in your land? Or three months of fleeing from your enemies while they pursue you? Or three days of plague(X) in your land? Now then, think it over and decide how I should answer the one who sent me.”
14 David said to Gad, “I am in deep distress. Let us fall into the hands of the Lord, for his mercy(Y) is great; but do not let me fall into human hands.”
15 So the Lord sent a plague on Israel from that morning until the end of the time designated, and seventy thousand of the people from Dan to Beersheba died.(Z) 16 When the angel stretched out his hand to destroy Jerusalem, the Lord relented(AA) concerning the disaster and said to the angel who was afflicting the people, “Enough! Withdraw your hand.” The angel of the Lord(AB) was then at the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite.
17 When David saw the angel who was striking down the people, he said to the Lord, “I have sinned; I, the shepherd,[c] have done wrong. These are but sheep.(AC) What have they done?(AD) Let your hand fall on me and my family.”(AE)
David Builds an Altar(AF)
18 On that day Gad went to David and said to him, “Go up and build an altar to the Lord on the threshing floor of Araunah(AG) the Jebusite.” 19 So David went up, as the Lord had commanded through Gad. 20 When Araunah looked and saw the king and his officials coming toward him, he went out and bowed down before the king with his face to the ground.
21 Araunah said, “Why has my lord the king come to his servant?”
“To buy your threshing floor,” David answered, “so I can build an altar to the Lord, that the plague on the people may be stopped.”(AH)
22 Araunah said to David, “Let my lord the king take whatever he wishes and offer it up. Here are oxen(AI) for the burnt offering, and here are threshing sledges and ox yokes for the wood. 23 Your Majesty, Araunah[d] gives(AJ) all this to the king.” Araunah also said to him, “May the Lord your God accept you.”
24 But the king replied to Araunah, “No, I insist on paying you for it. I will not sacrifice to the Lord my God burnt offerings that cost me nothing.”(AK)
So David bought the threshing floor and the oxen and paid fifty shekels[e](AL) of silver for them. 25 David built an altar(AM) to the Lord there and sacrificed burnt offerings and fellowship offerings. Then the Lord answered his prayer(AN) in behalf of the land, and the plague on Israel was stopped.
Footnotes
- 2 Samuel 24:2 Septuagint (see also verse 4 and 1 Chron. 21:2); Hebrew Joab the army commander
- 2 Samuel 24:13 Septuagint (see also 1 Chron. 21:12); Hebrew seven
- 2 Samuel 24:17 Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint; Masoretic Text does not have the shepherd.
- 2 Samuel 24:23 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint; most Hebrew manuscripts King Araunah
- 2 Samuel 24:24 That is, about 1 1/4 pounds or about 575 grams
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