2 Samuel 21
Hoffnung für Alle
Weitere Ereignisse aus Davids Regierungszeit (Kapitel 21–24)
Ein Verbrechen von Saul wird gesühnt
21 Während Davids Regierungszeit brach im Land eine Hungersnot aus, die drei Jahre dauerte. David flehte deswegen zum Herrn, und der Herr antwortete: »Die Hungersnot hört nicht auf, weil Saul damals ein Blutbad unter den Gibeonitern angerichtet hat.«
2 Da ließ der König die Gibeoniter zu sich kommen, um mit ihnen zu reden. Sie waren keine Israeliten, sondern gehörten zu den Amoritern, die früher das Land bewohnt hatten. Als die Israeliten Kanaan in Besitz nahmen, hatten sie den Gibeonitern geschworen, sie am Leben zu lassen.[a] Saul aber, der sich voller Eifer für Juda und Israel einsetzte, hatte versucht, sie auszurotten.
3 David fragte die Gibeoniter: »Wie kann ich das Unrecht sühnen, das ihr erleiden musstet? Was soll ich für euch tun, damit ihr das Land wieder segnet, das der Herr uns für immer geschenkt hat?« 4 Sie erwiderten: »Mit Silber und Gold lässt sich nicht wiedergutmachen, was Saul und seine Familie uns angetan haben; und wir haben auch nicht das Recht, irgendjemanden aus Israel dafür umzubringen.« »Was kann ich dann für euch tun?«, wollte David wissen. 5 Da sagten die Gibeoniter: »Saul plante unseren Untergang, er wollte uns vernichten, damit es in ganz Israel niemanden mehr von uns gibt. 6 Darum liefere nun sieben männliche Nachkommen von Saul an uns aus. Wir wollen sie aufhängen, um den Zorn des Herrn abzuwenden,[b] und zwar in Gibea, der Heimatstadt von Saul, den der Herr damals als König erwählt hat.«
»Ich werde sie euch ausliefern«, versprach David ihnen. 7 Er hatte aber Sauls Sohn Jonatan im Namen des Herrn geschworen, seine Nachkommen nie auszurotten. Darum wollte er Mefi-Boschet, Jonatans Sohn, auf jeden Fall verschonen. 8 David suchte Armoni und Mefi-Boschet aus, die beiden Söhne von Sauls Nebenfrau Rizpa, einer Tochter von Ajja, und die fünf Söhne von Sauls Tochter Merab, die mit Adriël aus Mehola, einem Sohn von Barsillai, verheiratet war. 9 Er übergab sie den Gibeonitern.
Alle sieben wurden am selben Tag auf dem Berg bei Gibea aufgehängt, um den Zorn des Herrn abzuwenden.[c] Man richtete sie hin, als die Gerstenernte gerade begonnen hatte.
10 Rizpa, die Tochter von Ajja, ging zu dem Felsen, auf dem die sieben gestorben waren, breitete dort einen Sack auf dem Boden für sich aus und bewachte die Toten. Tagsüber verscheuchte sie die Raubvögel, und nachts hielt sie die wilden Tiere von den Leichen fern. Vom Anfang der Ernte im Frühjahr bis zum ersten Regen im Herbst harrte sie dort aus.
11 Als David erfuhr, was Sauls Nebenfrau Rizpa tat, 12-14 ließ er Sauls Gebeine und die seines Sohnes Jonatan aus Jabesch in Gilead holen, um sie im Familiengrab von Sauls Vater Kisch beizusetzen. Bei der Schlacht auf dem Gilboagebirge hatten die Philister die Israeliten besiegt und Sauls und Jonatans Leichen auf dem Marktplatz von Bet-Schean aufgehängt. Die Bürger von Jabesch in Gilead waren dann heimlich gekommen und hatten die Toten mitgenommen. Auch die sieben Erhängten ließ David vom Berg holen und im Familiengrab bestatten. Das Grab lag in Zela, einem Dorf im Stammesgebiet von Benjamin.
Als alle Befehle Davids ausgeführt waren, erhörte Gott die Gebete für das Land und machte der Hungersnot ein Ende.
Kriege gegen die Philister (1. Chronik 20,4‒8)
15 Wieder einmal herrschte Krieg zwischen den Philistern und Israel. David zog mit seinem Heer aus, und es kam zur Schlacht. Als David vom Kampf erschöpft war, 16 griff ein Philister namens Jischbi-Benob ihn an und wollte ihn umbringen. Jischbi-Benob war ein Nachkomme von Rafa, ein Riese. Er war bewaffnet mit einem neuen Schwert und mit einem Speer, dessen bronzene Spitze allein fast vier Kilogramm wog. 17 Doch Abischai, der Sohn von Davids Schwester Zeruja, kam David zu Hilfe und tötete den Philister. Nach dieser Schlacht musste David seinen Männern versprechen, in Zukunft nicht mehr selbst in den Krieg zu ziehen. Sie sagten zu ihm: »Wir wollen dich nicht verlieren, denn du bist die leuchtende Hoffnung unseres Volkes.«
18 Kurze Zeit später kämpften die Israeliten in der Nähe von Gob gegen die Philister. Dabei tötete Sibbechai, der Huschatiter, den Riesen Saf. 19 In einer weiteren Schlacht bei Gob gegen die Philister erschlug Elhanan aus Bethlehem, der Sohn von Jaïr[d], den Bruder von Goliat aus Gat[e]; dessen Speer war so dick wie ein kleiner Baum[f]. 20 Einmal kam es bei Gat zum Kampf. Einer der Philister, ein Nachkomme von Rafa, war sehr groß. An jeder Hand hatte er sechs Finger und an jedem Fuß sechs Zehen. 21 Er machte sich über die Israeliten lustig, doch Jonatan, ein Sohn von Davids Bruder Schamma, tötete ihn. 22 Diese vier Riesen waren Nachkommen von Rafa und kamen aus Gat. Sie wurden von David und seinen Soldaten umgebracht.
Footnotes
- 21,2 Vgl. Josua 9.
- 21,6 Wörtlich: Wir wollen sie vor dem Herrn aufhängen.
- 21,9 Wörtlich: wurden … vor dem Herrn aufgehängt.
- 21,19 So nach 1. Chronik 20,5. Im hebräischen Text steht der Name Jaare-Oregim.
- 21,19 Vermutlicher Text nach 1. Chronik 20,5. Der hebräische Text lautet: Goliat aus Gat.
- 21,19 Wörtlich: wie ein Weberbaum. – So hießen die beiden dicken Querstangen an den Enden des Webstuhls, an denen die Fäden befestigt wurden.
2 Samuel 21
Lexham English Bible
The Famine Brings Justice
21 There was a famine in the days of David for three years, year after year. And David inquired of Yahweh,[a] and Yahweh said, “The bloodguilt is on Saul and on his household, because he killed the Gibeonites.” 2 So the king called the Gibeonites and spoke to them. Now the Gibeonites were not from the Israelites;[b] they were from the remainder of the Amorites. Now the Israelites[c] had sworn to them,[d] but Saul tried to wipe them out in his zeal for the Israelites[e] and Judah. 3 So David asked the Gibeonites, “What can I do for you, and with what can I make amends that you may bless the inheritance of Yahweh?” 4 Then the Gibeonites said to him, “It is not a matter for us of[f] silver or gold with Saul or with his household. It is not for us to put to death anyone in Israel.” He asked, “What are you saying that I should do for you all?” 5 Then they said to the king, “The man who consumed us and who plotted against us so that we were destroyed from existing in all of the territory of Israel, 6 let seven men from his sons be given over to us, and we will execute them before Yahweh in Gibeah of Saul, the chosen one of Yahweh.” Then the king said, “I will give them over.” 7 But the king spared Mephibosheth the son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, because of the sworn oath of Yahweh which was between them, between David and Jonathan the son of Saul. 8 So the king took two of the sons of Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, whom she bore to Saul, namely Armoni and Mephibosheth, and five of the sons of Michal the daughter of Saul whom she had borne to Adriel the son of Barzillai the Meholathite. 9 He gave them into the hands of the Gibeonites, and they executed them on the mountain in the presence of Yahweh, and the seven fell together. Now they were put to death in the days of the harvest, at the beginning of the harvest of barley.
10 Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took the sackcloth, and she spread it for herself on the rock at the beginning of the harvest until water gushed forth on them from heaven, but she did not allow the birds of heaven to rest on them by day nor the animals of the field by night. 11 David was told about what Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, the concubine of Saul, had done. 12 So David left and took the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son from the rulers of Jabesh Gilead, who had stolen them from the public square of Beth Shan, where the Philistines hung them when[g] the Philistines killed Saul on Gilboa. 13 He brought up the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son from there, and they gathered the bones of the executed. 14 And they buried the bones of Saul and Jonathan his son in the land of Benjamin at Zela, in the tomb of Kish his father. They did all that the king had commanded, and afterward God was entreated for the land.
Battles with the Philistines Recounted
15 There was war again for the Philistines with Israel, and David and his servants with him went down, and they fought the Philistines, and David grew weary. 16 Now Yishbi in Nob, who was among the descendents of Raphah[h] (now the weight of his spearhead was three hundredweight of bronze, and he was newly armed), said that he would kill David. 17 But Abishai the son of Zeruiah helped him, and he attacked the Philistine and killed him. Then the men of David swore to him, saying, “You shall not go out with us any longer to the battle, so that you do not quench the lamp of Israel.”
18 It happened afterward that there was again battle at Gob with the Philistines. Then Sibbecai the Hushathite killed Saph who was among the descendants of the Raphah.
19 There was again a battle with the Philistines at Gob. And Elhanan the son of Jaare-Oregim, the Bethlehemite, killed Goliath[i] the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like the beam of a weaver.
20 Once again there was battle at Gath, and there was a man of great size.[j] The fingers of his hand and the toes of his feet were six and six, twenty-four in number. He was also born to the Raphah. 21 He taunted Israel but Jonathan the son of Shimei, the brother of David, killed him. 22 These four were born for the Raphah in Gath, and they fell by the hand of David and by the hand of his servants.
Footnotes
- 2 Samuel 21:1 Literally “sought the face of Yahweh”
- 2 Samuel 21:2 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
- 2 Samuel 21:2 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
- 2 Samuel 21:2 The treaty between Israel and the Gibeonites is found in Josh 9
- 2 Samuel 21:2 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
- 2 Samuel 21:4 Literally “There is not for me (Qere ‘us’)”
- 2 Samuel 21:12 Literally “on the day”
- 2 Samuel 21:16 The descendants of Raphah (i.e., the Rephaim) were thought to be giants
- 2 Samuel 21:19 In view of the account of David and Goliath in 1 Sam 17, it is likely that Elhanan actually killed the brother of Goliath, Lahmi, in 1 Chr 20:5
- 2 Samuel 21:20 Literally “a man of measurement”
2 Samuel 21
New International Version
The Gibeonites Avenged
21 During the reign of David, there was a famine(A) for three successive years; so David sought(B) the face of the Lord. The Lord said, “It is on account of Saul and his blood-stained house; it is because he put the Gibeonites to death.”
2 The king summoned the Gibeonites(C) and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not a part of Israel but were survivors of the Amorites; the Israelites had sworn to spare them, but Saul in his zeal for Israel and Judah had tried to annihilate them.) 3 David asked the Gibeonites, “What shall I do for you? How shall I make atonement so that you will bless the Lord’s inheritance?”(D)
4 The Gibeonites answered him, “We have no right to demand silver or gold from Saul or his family, nor do we have the right to put anyone in Israel to death.”(E)
“What do you want me to do for you?” David asked.
5 They answered the king, “As for the man who destroyed us and plotted against us so that we have been decimated and have no place anywhere in Israel, 6 let seven of his male descendants be given to us to be killed and their bodies exposed(F) before the Lord at Gibeah of Saul—the Lord’s chosen(G) one.”
So the king said, “I will give them to you.”
7 The king spared Mephibosheth(H) son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, because of the oath(I) before the Lord between David and Jonathan son of Saul. 8 But the king took Armoni and Mephibosheth, the two sons of Aiah’s daughter Rizpah,(J) whom she had borne to Saul, together with the five sons of Saul’s daughter Merab,[a] whom she had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite.(K) 9 He handed them over to the Gibeonites, who killed them and exposed their bodies on a hill before the Lord. All seven of them fell together; they were put to death(L) during the first days of the harvest, just as the barley harvest was beginning.(M)
10 Rizpah daughter of Aiah took sackcloth and spread it out for herself on a rock. From the beginning of the harvest till the rain poured down from the heavens on the bodies, she did not let the birds touch them by day or the wild animals by night.(N) 11 When David was told what Aiah’s daughter Rizpah, Saul’s concubine, had done, 12 he went and took the bones of Saul(O) and his son Jonathan from the citizens of Jabesh Gilead.(P) (They had stolen their bodies from the public square at Beth Shan,(Q) where the Philistines had hung(R) them after they struck Saul down on Gilboa.)(S) 13 David brought the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from there, and the bones of those who had been killed and exposed were gathered up.
14 They buried the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish, at Zela(T) in Benjamin, and did everything the king commanded. After that,(U) God answered prayer(V) in behalf of the land.(W)
Wars Against the Philistines(X)
15 Once again there was a battle between the Philistines(Y) and Israel. David went down with his men to fight against the Philistines, and he became exhausted. 16 And Ishbi-Benob, one of the descendants of Rapha, whose bronze spearhead weighed three hundred shekels[b] and who was armed with a new sword, said he would kill David. 17 But Abishai(Z) son of Zeruiah came to David’s rescue; he struck the Philistine down and killed him. Then David’s men swore to him, saying, “Never again will you go out with us to battle, so that the lamp(AA) of Israel will not be extinguished.(AB)”
18 In the course of time, there was another battle with the Philistines, at Gob. At that time Sibbekai(AC) the Hushathite killed Saph, one of the descendants of Rapha.
19 In another battle with the Philistines at Gob, Elhanan son of Jair[c] the Bethlehemite killed the brother of[d] Goliath the Gittite,(AD) who had a spear with a shaft like a weaver’s rod.(AE)
20 In still another battle, which took place at Gath, there was a huge man with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot—twenty-four in all. He also was descended from Rapha. 21 When he taunted(AF) Israel, Jonathan son of Shimeah,(AG) David’s brother, killed him.
22 These four were descendants of Rapha in Gath, and they fell at the hands of David and his men.
Footnotes
- 2 Samuel 21:8 Two Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 1 Samuel 18:19); most Hebrew and Septuagint manuscripts Michal
- 2 Samuel 21:16 That is, about 7 1/2 pounds or about 3.5 kilograms
- 2 Samuel 21:19 See 1 Chron. 20:5; Hebrew Jaare-Oregim.
- 2 Samuel 21:19 See 1 Chron. 20:5; Hebrew does not have the brother of.
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