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Hanún avergüenza a David (1 Cr 19.1-19)

10 Poco tiempo después murió el rey de los amonitas, y en su lugar reinó su hijo Hanún. Y David dijo: «Voy a tratar a Hanún con la misma bondad con que me trató Nahas, su padre».

Enseguida envió David mensajeros a Hanún para que lo consolaran por la muerte de su padre. Pero cuando los mensajeros llegaron a la tierra de los amonitas, los jefes de los amonitas le dijeron a Hanún:

«¿De veras cree Su Majestad que David envió a sus mensajeros para consolarlo? ¡Claro que no! ¡Los envió como espías, para que luego pueda conquistar nuestra ciudad!»

Entonces Hanún mandó que apresaran a los mensajeros de David, y que los avergonzaran cortándoles la mitad de la barba, y que los mandaran de regreso a su tierra desnudos de la cintura para abajo.

Los mensajeros regresaron muy avergonzados, y cuando David lo supo, les mandó a decir: «Quédense en Jericó, y no regresen hasta que les crezca la barba».

David vence a los amonitas

6-8 Los amonitas se enteraron de que David se había enojado mucho. Entonces contrataron a algunos arameos de Rehob y Sobá para que se unieran a ellos y pelearan contra David. También contrataron a mil hombres del rey Maacá y a doce mil hombres de Tob.

Los arameos enviaron a veinte mil soldados, y se quedaron en el campo junto con los soldados de Tob y Maacá. Por su parte, los amonitas salieron a la guerra y se formaron a la entrada de la ciudad.

David se dio cuenta de esto, y envió a la batalla a Joab, junto con todo su ejército y sus mejores soldados. 9-10 Y cuando Joab vio que los arameos iban a atacarlo por un lado y los amonitas por el otro, eligió a los mejores soldados israelitas y atacó a los arameos. El resto de su ejército lo dejó a las órdenes de su hermano Abisai, para que peleara contra los amonitas, y le dijo:

11 «Si ves que los arameos me están ganando, irás a ayudarme. Si, por el contrario, veo que los amonitas te están ganando, yo te ayudaré. 12 ¡Tú esfuérzate y ten valor! Luchemos por nuestra gente y por las ciudades que Dios nos ha dado, ¡y que Dios haga lo que le parezca mejor!»

13 Joab y sus hombres pelearon contra los arameos, y los hicieron huir. 14 Cuando los amonitas vieron que los arameos estaban huyendo, también ellos huyeron de Abisai y corrieron a refugiarse en su ciudad. Entonces Joab dejó de combatirlos y regresó a Jerusalén.

David vence a los arameos

15 Al ver los arameos que los israelitas los habían derrotado, reunieron a todos sus ejércitos. 16 Hadad-ézer mandó llamar a los arameos que estaban del otro lado del Éufrates, y ellos vinieron a Helam. Al frente de ellos iba Sobac, que era el jefe del ejército de Hadad-ézer.

17 Cuando David supo esto, reunió a todo el ejército de Israel, cruzó el río Jordán y llegó a Helam. Los arameos se formaron frente a David y empezó la batalla. 18 David mató a setecientos soldados que guiaban carros de guerra y a cuarenta mil soldados de caballería. También mató a Sobac, jefe del ejército arameo. Entonces los arameos huyeron de los israelitas.

19 Cuando todos los reyes que estaban bajo el poder de Hadad-ézer vieron que David lo había derrotado, hicieron la paz con Israel y quedaron al servicio de David. Los arameos, por su parte, no volvieron a ayudar a los amonitas.

10 Some time after this the Ammonite king died and his son Hanun replaced him.

“I am going to show special respect for him,” David said, “because his father, Nahash, was always so loyal and kind to me.” So David sent ambassadors to express regrets to Hanun about his father’s death.

But Hanun’s officers told him, “These men aren’t here to honor your father! David has sent them to spy out the city before attacking it!”

So Hanun took David’s men and shaved off half their beards and cut their robes off at the buttocks and sent them home half naked. When David heard what had happened he told them to stay at Jericho until their beards grew out; for the men were very embarrassed over their appearance.

Now the people of Ammon realized how seriously they had angered David, so they hired twenty thousand Syrian mercenaries from the lands of Rehob and Zobah, one thousand from the king of Maacah, and ten thousand from the land of Tob. 7-8 When David heard about this, he sent Joab and the entire Israeli army to attack them. The Ammonites defended the gates of their city while the Syrians from Zobah, Rehob, Tob, and Maacah fought in the fields. When Joab realized that he would have to fight on two fronts, he selected the best fighters in his army, placed them under his personal command, and took them out to fight the Syrians in the fields. 10 He left the rest of the army to his brother Abishai, who was to attack the city.

11 “If I need assistance against the Syrians, come out and help me,” Joab instructed him. “And if the Ammonites are too strong for you, I will come and help you. 12 Courage! We must really act like men today if we are going to save our people and the cities of our God. May the Lord’s will be done.”

13 And when Joab and his troops attacked, the Syrians began to run away. 14 Then, when the Ammonites saw the Syrians running, they ran too, and retreated into the city. Afterwards Joab returned to Jerusalem. 15-16 The Syrians now realized that they were no match for Israel. So when they regrouped, they were joined by additional Syrian troops summoned by Hadadezer from the other side of the Euphrates River. These troops arrived at Helam under the command of Shobach, the commander-in-chief of all of Hadadezer’s forces.

17 When David heard what was happening, he personally led the Israeli army to Helam, where the Syrians attacked him. 18 But again the Syrians fled from the Israelis, this time leaving seven hundred charioteers dead on the field, also forty thousand cavalrymen, including General Shobach. 19 When Hadadezer’s allies saw that the Syrians had been defeated, they surrendered to David and became his servants. And the Syrians were afraid to help the Ammonites anymore after that.

David Defeats the Ammonites(A)

10 In the course of time, the king of the Ammonites died, and his son Hanun succeeded him as king. David thought, “I will show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash,(B) just as his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent a delegation to express his sympathy to Hanun concerning his father.

When David’s men came to the land of the Ammonites, the Ammonite commanders said to Hanun their lord, “Do you think David is honoring your father by sending envoys to you to express sympathy? Hasn’t David sent them to you only to explore the city and spy it out(C) and overthrow it?” So Hanun seized David’s envoys, shaved off half of each man’s beard,(D) cut off their garments at the buttocks,(E) and sent them away.

When David was told about this, he sent messengers to meet the men, for they were greatly humiliated. The king said, “Stay at Jericho till your beards have grown, and then come back.”

When the Ammonites realized that they had become obnoxious(F) to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean(G) foot soldiers from Beth Rehob(H) and Zobah,(I) as well as the king of Maakah(J) with a thousand men, and also twelve thousand men from Tob.(K)

On hearing this, David sent Joab(L) out with the entire army of fighting men. The Ammonites came out and drew up in battle formation at the entrance of their city gate, while the Arameans of Zobah and Rehob and the men of Tob and Maakah were by themselves in the open country.

Joab saw that there were battle lines in front of him and behind him; so he selected some of the best troops in Israel and deployed them against the Arameans. 10 He put the rest of the men under the command of Abishai(M) his brother and deployed them against the Ammonites. 11 Joab said, “If the Arameans are too strong for me, then you are to come to my rescue; but if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I will come to rescue you. 12 Be strong,(N) and let us fight bravely for our people and the cities of our God. The Lord will do what is good in his sight.”(O)

13 Then Joab and the troops with him advanced to fight the Arameans, and they fled before him. 14 When the Ammonites(P) realized that the Arameans were fleeing, they fled before Abishai and went inside the city. So Joab returned from fighting the Ammonites and came to Jerusalem.

15 After the Arameans saw that they had been routed by Israel, they regrouped. 16 Hadadezer had Arameans brought from beyond the Euphrates River; they went to Helam, with Shobak the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them.

17 When David was told of this, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan and went to Helam. The Arameans formed their battle lines to meet David and fought against him. 18 But they fled before Israel, and David killed seven hundred of their charioteers and forty thousand of their foot soldiers.[a] He also struck down Shobak the commander of their army, and he died there. 19 When all the kings who were vassals of Hadadezer saw that they had been routed by Israel, they made peace with the Israelites and became subject(Q) to them.

So the Arameans(R) were afraid to help the Ammonites anymore.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 10:18 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 19:18); Hebrew horsemen